scholarly journals The Effect of Photoperiod on Milk Production, Its Components and Some Blood Parameters in Improved Awassi ewes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
S. A. Taha ◽  
Natik H. AL-Kuds ◽  
N. Y. Aboo ◽  
M. N. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sample ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Milk Component ◽  
Animal Farm ◽  
Effect Of Light

This study is carried out to investigate the effect of the light period on milk yield and its components as well as on some blood parameters, in Alrashiedia Animal Farm, Directorate of Agricultural Researches, Ministry of Agriculture on 24 improved Awassi ewes in 2nd and 3rd lactation from 20/11/2011 to 29/1/2012. The ewes are randomly divided into 3 groups; 1st group is 24h:0  h. (light : dark) exposed to light period,  the2nd  8h:16 h. of light period , while 3rd group 16h:8 h.. All ewes allocated on the same concentrate and roughages ration  in addition to 5 kg / hd / day green alfalfa. Milk yield is recorded every 10 days after separation of suckling lambs from their mothers for 12 hours (9 pm to 9 am). Blood sample are taken three time (at the begging , Middle and end of the study) to calculate : total protein, albumin, globulins, cholesterol, and triglyceride. The results show that there is no significant effect of light period on milk production, the total amount of milk through the recorded periods for the three group are 10652.0,10021.0 and 11986.78gm/hd .There is no significant effect on the  milk component. The  blood parameters are not affected by the light :dark change . It can be concluded that the change in the light :dark  period does not alter milk yield and some blood parameters in this study.

scholarly journals Thyroid hormones, blood plasma metabolites and haematological parameters in relationship to milk yield in dairy cows

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Blum ◽  
P. Kunz ◽  
H. Leuenberger ◽  
K. Gautschi ◽  
M. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Dry Period

ABSTRACTTo study their relationship to milk yield, the concentrations, in jugular venous blood, of thyroxine iodine (T4I), thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-tri-iodothyronine (T3), glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, urea, haemoglobin and packed cell volume (PCV) have been measured in 36 cows (Simmental, Swiss Brown, Holstein and Simmental × Holstein) of different ages during a full lactation, pregnancy, dry period, parturition and 150 days of the ensuing lactation. Thyroid hormones and triglycerides were negatively, and total protein, globulin, cholesterol and phospholipids were positively, correlated with uncorrected or corrected milk yield during several periods of lactation, whereas glucose, NEFA, albumin, urea, haemoglobin and packed cell volume were not correlated with milk yield. The 10 animals with the highest milk yield (18·9 to 23·5 kg/day) exhibited significantly lower values of T4I, T4, T3 and glucose, significantly higher levels of total protein and globulin and tended to have higher levels of NEFA than the 10 cows with the lowest milk yield (10·9 to 14·3 kg/day) throughout or during certain periods of lactation, whereas concentrations of triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol, albumin, haemoglobin and PCV did not differ. Changes in T4I, T4, T3, glucose and total protein during lactation were also influenced by age, presumably associated with an increase in milk production with age. T3 was consistently lowest and cholesterol and phospholipids, during later stages of lactation, were highest in Holsteins, which had the highest milk yields of all breeds. Changes of blood parameters were mainly caused by shifts in energy and protein metabolism in association with level of milk production

scholarly journals Склад крові та його зв'язок із молочною продуктивністю корів різного віку та рівня продуктивності

2013 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Є. Ф. Ткач
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Protein Levels

Викладено результати дослідження біохімічного і морфологічного складу крові корів української чорно-рябої молочної і голштинської порід та його зв’язку з молочною продуктивністю. Досліджено, що рівень молочної продуктивності пов’язаний або знаходиться у прямій залежності від інтенсивності обмінних процесів в організмі тварин. Встановлено позитивний кореляційний зв’язок між загальним білком крові і надоєм корів та між альбумінами і надоєм. Не виявлено закономірного взаємозв’язку між кількістю лейкоцитів і молочною продуктивністю корів обох порід. The article presents the results of biochemical and morphological study of bovine blood of Ukrainian black and white dairy and Holstein breeds and its relationship with milk production. It has been proved that the level of milk production is associated or is in direct proportion to the intensity of metabolism in animals. The positive correlation between total protein levels and milk yield of cows and between albumin and milk yield has been stated. No regular relationship between the number of leukocytes and milk production of cows of both breeds has been revealed.

The effects of abomasal infusions of glucose or casein on milk yield and on some blood constituents of dairy cows in early and late lactations

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
L. Istasse ◽  
E.R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Abomasal Infusion ◽  
Fat Yield

Abomasal infusion of casein has been shown to increase the milk yield, fat yield, protein content and protein yield while no clear-cut effects were observed with infusion of glucose (Ørskov, Grubb and Kay, 1977 and confirmed by Oldham, Bines and MacRae, 1983). Little information is available about the changes in blood parameters with abomasal infusion of glucose or casein. The objective of the present experiments was to relate changes in milk production to blood parameters in dairy cows given casein or glucose as an infusion into the abomasum during early or late lactation.

scholarly journals Effects of Supplementing Rumen-Protected Methionine on Production Performance, Apparent Digestibility, Blood Parameters, Ruminal Metabolites and Economic Effectiveness in Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialin Wei ◽  
Mengying Dou ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Bichuan Yan ◽  
Cuiyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Economic Effectiveness ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Abstract Background: Because of disadvantages of excessive dietary crude protein (CP), decreasing dietary CP of dairy cows has attracted the worldwide attention. Rumen protected methionine (RPM) supplementation can allow lower CP diets and is beneficial to milk production performance, N efficiency of cows and environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of reducing dietary CP and supplementing RPM on production, digestibility of nutrients, blood parameters, ruminal metabolites and economic effectiveness in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Results: A total of 96 lactating cows (63 ± 25 d in milk; 34.4 ± 5.74 kg/d of milk production; mean ± SD) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: diet containing 17.3% CP without RPM (control group; CON; n = 49); diet containing 16.4% CP with supplementing 15.0 g/d of RPM (treatment group; RPM; n = 47). No effect was observed of reducing dietary CP on milk yield and milk composition. The apparent digestibility of nutrients was similar between treatments. The results related to blood showed that cows in RPM group exhibited lower concentration of blood urea nitrogen than that in CON group (P < 0.001). Moreover, there were no differences between treatments on concentrations of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, globulin and albumin. In ruminal metabolites, microbial crude protein (MCP) of dairy cows in RPM group was higher compared with CON group (P = 0.006). Ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) contents were not changed by treatments except that the concentrations of butyrate and isovalerate of RPM group were higher than that of CON group at 2 h after feeding (P < 0.05). In addition, supplying the diet of 16.4% CP with RPM supplementation to cows could reduce feeding cost by 0.5 $/d per cow and boost net profits. Conclusions: Lower dietary CP with RPM supplementation did not limit milk yield, milk composition and apparent digestibility of nutrients, and could improve nitrogen utilization of dairy cows and synthesis of MCP in rumen, change VFA production at 2 h after feeding, as well as boost the economic benefits of the dairy farms.

scholarly journals Resetting Process of Peripheral Circadian Gene Expression after the Combined Reversal of Feeding Schedule and Light/Dark Cycle Via a 24-h Light Period Transition in Rats

2010 ◽  
pp. 581-590
Author(s):  
T Wu ◽  
Y Ni ◽  
F Zhuge ◽  
Z Fu
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Feeding Schedule ◽  
Circadian Gene ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Peripheral Clocks ◽  
Effect Of Light

To investigate the effect of light cue on the resetting of the peripheral clocks, we examined the resetting processes of clock genes (Per1, Per2, Bmal1, Cry1, Dec1, and Rev-erbα) in the liver and heart of rats after the feeding and light-dark (LD) reversal via a 24-h light period transition. The liver clock was reset quickly within 3 days, while the heart clock needed a longer time course of 5-7 days to be completely re-entrained. Moreover, the reentrainment of Per1 and Per2 in the liver clock was more rapid than that of the other four clock genes, suggesting the important role of these two clock genes in initiating the circadian resetting of the hepatic clock. However, the resetting rates of these two clock genes were as similar as the others in the heart clock. Therefore, the resetting mechanisms underlining these two peripheral clocks may be totally distinct. Furthermore, the reentrainment of the liver and heart clocks were relatively lengthened after the feeding and LD reversal via a light period transition compared to a dark period transition, suggesting a simultaneous shift of feeding schedule and the LD cycle may facilitate the circadian resetting in rats.

scholarly journals Exchanges of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in cows of schwyz breed of different environmental origin in the zone of the steppe of Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (74) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
I. Pishchan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Lactating Cows

In the text presented materials of researches of dynamics of the basic biochemical blood parameters of lactating cows of Schwyz breed of Sumy and Austrian environmental origin in the second and third lactation and their descendants in the first lactation. It has been established that the protein, carbohydrate and lipid exchanges in the organism of lactating Schwyz breed cows of different ecological origin pass at a high and balanced level, which is confirmed by the reference values of the total protein at the level of 65.71–83.14 g/l and its fractions – albumin 34.3–35.57 g/l and globulin 30.14–45.29 g/l, urea and urea nitrogen – respectively 3.14–4.59 mmol/l and 6.96–8.76 mg%, creatinine – 104.1–129.86 mmol/l, glucose – 2.22–2.29 mmol/l and lipoproteins – 687.53–859.0 mg% in the serum of blood. It is proved, that cows of Schwyz breed by first lactation, which are grown and exploited in their «own» ecological zone and born from mothers of Austrian and Sumy ecological origin, are characterized by good health and high metabolic processes in their organism. The level of total protein in serum is 71.29–75.86 g/l, albumins and globulins 36.43 and 42.57 g/l, respectively, urea and nitrogen of urea 4.24 mmol/l and 8.10 mg%, creatinine – 108.71–129.57 mmol/l, glucose – 2.27–2.42 mmol/l, lipoproteins – 519.20–782.01 mg%. Normal metabolic processes in the body are provided, first of all, a high and balanced level of feeding, as well as the good adaptation properties of cows Schwyz breed not only in new environmental conditions, but in hard conditions of a large industrial complex of milk production.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY AND HEREDITY OF THE BULL`S BREEDING VALUE OF DIFFERENT GENEALOGICAL FORMATIONS OF THE HOLSTEIN BREED

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
A. P. Krugliak ◽  
T. O. Krugliak
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Third Line

The results of analytical studies of breeding value variability on the basis of milk productivity, selected for reproduction of bulls of different genealogical formations of Holstein breed, are presented. A statistically significant difference between the breeding value of the milk yield of bulls and their parents of different genealogical groups was established. The variability of bulls breeding traits and the milk productivity of their daughters in the middle of genealogical formations was dominated by similar indicators between genealogical formations. In the middle of related genealogical formations, animals of new generations significantly outnumbered animals of earlier generations in level of breeding value. The high correlation between breeding value of milk yield, milk fat and protein of parents and their sons was identified. The highest correlation coefficient (r = +0.643 ± 0.030) was established between the absolute milk productivity of daughters for 305 days of first lactation and the level of breeding value of milk yield of their parents, which decreased sharply when compared with their ancestors of older generations. It was also established, that the breeding value of the animals of the new genealogical formations (sons, fathers, mothers) of Tradition 1682485 and Valiant 1650414 was always higher (on 161.2; 121.4; 209.4 kg worth), compared to the older related groups of Elevation and Chief, on which basis they have been formed. This indicates about decreasing of appearance frequency of leader bulls in a single related group during breeding. The sons of these bulls inherit the signs of milk productivity, their breeding value exceeded that of their parents: by milk fat – by 2.4–20.0 kg, total protein – by 0.7–11.8 kg. The absolute milk production of their daughters in the 305 days of the first lactation was 11201–13173 kg of milk, 411–475 kg of milk fat and 337–383 kg of total protein, which exceeded the productivity of their contemporarys by 113–1025 kg of milk, 8.6–55.6 kg milk fat and 9.3–30.3 kg total protein. A similar predictable of variability of the breeding value of animals of different genealogical formations of the Holstein breed for milk fat and protein in milk was established. The level of breeding value of the fathers has the greatest influence on the level of milk production of their daughters of the Holstein breed (the influence force is 35.1%). In second place was the force of influence breeding value of the father-fathers on the milk yield of their granddaughters, which was 11.7%. The third place was occupied by the influence of the breeding value of mothers on the level of milk productivity of their daughters (η2х = 10,6%). These forces of influence of these ancestors on the level of milk productivity of the firstborn cows are statistically significant (P < 0.05–0.001). The last place of force of influence (η2х) on the level of milk productivity of the firstcalve heifers take the male ancestors, who are in their third line of pedigree (FFF), it was 2.7% and was not statistically significant.

Influence of feeding some common browse trees leaves hay on blood parameters of Yankasa lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
A. Mohammed ◽  
S. H. Nuhu ◽  
S. Umar ◽  
A. M. Umar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Analyse Statistique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Khaya Senegalensis ◽  
The Common

The study was conducted to investigate the influence of feeding some of the common browse trees leaves in Bauchi state on haematological and biochemical parameters of Yankasa lambs. Fourty lambs were allotted to eight different browse trees namely: Maje (Daniella oliver), Madaci (Khaya senegalensis), Marke (Anogesisessus leicarpus), Baure (Ficus syncomorus), Kuka (Adansonia gigitata), Magarya (Zizaphus Mauritania), Taura (Detarium macrocarpum) and Baushe (Terminalia glaucescens), as treatments with five replications in each case. The feeding trial lasted for seventy days. Ten milligrams (10mls) of Blood sample was collected from each animal at the end of the feeding trial. The samples were collected via Jugular vein early in the morning. About 3mls of each blood sample was placed in EDTA (anticoagulant) bottle for haematological studies. The haematological values obtained from lab were subjected to statistical analysis. The remaining 7mls was placed in universal bottle and allowed to stand at room temperature and centrifuged for 15 minutes. The serum was separated and store in a freezer for chemical analysis. The hematological values obtained from lab were subjected to statistical analysis. Results indicated Taura had significantly higher (p<0.05) PCV (40.70 %) and MCV (64.60 pl), Magarya Hb (13.66 g/dl) and RBC (8.48 X1012 ) Maje MCH (19.24 pg) values. Baure and Maje were higher (p<0.05) with statistically the same values of 7.22, respectively in RBC. WBC was highest in Marke leaves (10.5 X109) while Maje recorded significantly highest (p<0.05) MCHC value of 37.74 g/dl. Blood serum showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in Urea concentration across all the treatments. Animals fed Madaci recorded the highest Total protein value of 7.4 g/l. Conclusively, Madaci had the highest PCV, Hb and MCH and total protein but, no significant difference in urea across the treatments   L'étude a été menée pour étudier l'influence de l'alimentation de certaines des feuilles d'arbres de 'browse' dans l'état de Bauchi sur les paramètres hématologiques et biochimiques des agneaux Yankasa. Quarante agneaux ont été attribués à huit arbres de browse différents, à savoir : Maje (Daniella oliver), Madaci (Khaya senegalensis), Marke (Anogesisessus leicarpus), Baure (Ficus syncomorus), Kuka (Adansoni agigitata), Magarya (Zizaphus Mauritania), Taura (Detarium macrocarpum) et Baushe (Terminalia glaucescens), en tant que traitements avec cinq répétitions dans chaque cas. L'essai d'alimentation a duré soixante-dix jours. Dix milligrammes (10 ml) d'échantillon de sang ont été prélevés sur chaque animal à la fin de l'essai d'alimentation. Les échantillons ont été prélevés par veine jugulaire tôt le matin. Environ 3 ml de chaque échantillon de sang ont été placés dans un flacon 'EDTA' (anticoagulant) pour les études hématologiques. Les valeurs hématologiques obtenues en laboratoire ont été soumises à une analyse statistique. Les 7 ml restants ont été placés dans une bouteille universelle et laissés au repos à température ambiante et centrifugés pendant 15 minutes. Le sérum a été séparé et stocké dans un congélateur pour l'analyse chimique. Les valeurs hématologiques obtenues en laboratoire ont été soumises à une analyse statistique. Les résultats ont indiqué que Taura avait des valeurs significativement plus élevées (p <0,05) le 'PCV' (40,70%) et le'MCV' (64,60 pl), Magarya Hb (13,66 g / dl) et le 'RBC' (8,48 X1012) Maje MCH (19,24 pg). Baure et Maje étaient plus élevées (p <0,05) avec statistiquement les mêmes valeurs de 7,22, respectivement en RBC. Le WBC était le plus élevé dans les feuilles de Marke (10,5 X109) tandis que Maje a enregistré la valeur ''MCHC significativement la plus élevée (p <0,05) de 37,74 g / dl. Le sérum sanguin a montré qu'il n'y avait pas de différence significative (p> 0,05) dans la concentration d'urée dans tous les traitements. Les animaux nourris au Madaci ont enregistré la valeur protéique totale la plus élevée de 7,4 g / l. En conclusion, Madaci avait les plus hauts 'PCV', 'Hb', 'MCH' et protéines totales, mais aucune différence significative d'urée entre les traitements.

Use of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System and rumen-protected methionine to maintain milk production in cows receiving reduced protein diets

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk ◽  
Mary Lou Swift ◽  
J. A. Shelford
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Protein System ◽  
Protein Model ◽  
Milk Component ◽  
Protein Diets

Twenty-two primiparous and forty-eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in a production trial. Cowswere randomly assigned to two treatments to assess the effects of formulating a lower crude protein (CP) diet using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein Model (CNCPS), which included rumen-protected methionine and a bypass protein on group feed intake, milk yield, milk composition and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) status. Those animals receiving the lower CP diet were able to maintain milk production (P > 0.05) and milk component yield (P > 0.05) when compared with the animals receiving the control diet. Although no statistical analysis could be undertaken on the dry matter intake data, due to insufficient degrees of freedom, group intakes appeared to be similar. Multiparous cows were also observed with the cows receiving the diet supplemented with bypass methionine and bypass protein had significantly lower BUN levels when compared with the control cows. These results indicate that the CNCPS model can be used as a tool for formulating lower CP diets since cows receiving the bypass methionine and bypass protein were able to maintain milk production. Key words: Dairy cattle, milk yield, bypass methionine, bypass protein, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System

Immunocytochemical studies on the behavior of RuBisCO and LHCP II during the cell cycle of synchronized Euglena gracilis

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-663
Author(s):  
Tetsuaki Osafune ◽  
Shuji Sumida ◽  
Tomoko Ehara ◽  
Eiji Hase ◽  
Jerome A. Schiff
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Carboxylase Activity ◽  
Immunocytochemical Studies ◽  
Lhcp Ii

Changes in the morphology of pyrenoid and the distribution of RuBisCO in the chloroplast of Euglena gracilis were followed by immunoelectron microscopy during the cell cycle in a light (14 h)- dark (10 h) synchronized culture under photoautotrophic conditions. The imrnunoreactive proteins wereconcentrated in the pyrenoid, and less densely distributed in the stroma during the light period (growth phase, Fig. 1-2), but the pyrenoid disappeared during the dark period (division phase), and RuBisCO was dispersed throughout the stroma. Toward the end of the division phase, the pyrenoid began to form in the center of the stroma, and RuBisCO is again concentrated in that pyrenoid region. From a comparison of photosynthetic CO2-fixation with the total carboxylase activity of RuBisCO extracted from Euglena cells in the growth phase, it is suggested that the carboxylase in the pyrenoid functions in CO2-fixation in photosynthesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document