Pengaruh Media Pendingin Terhadap  Kekerasan  Baja Tahan Karat Martensitik Type 431 Pada Proses Hardening dan Tempering

Stainless steels consist of several types such as Austenitic, Ferritic and Martensitic, Martensitic is one of the stainless steels that has a hardenability property, so it is suitable to be used as cutting tool components which require high hardness and corrosion resistance . The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the hardness of stainless steel martensitic type of hardening results with variations of cooling media. Methods of research used were experiments, ie hardening process by heating the material up to 1100oC temperature, held for 30 minutes, then cooled quickly on water, oil and the air, then heated back to 400oC temperature, cooled slowly, the results tested the hardness of Rockwell C method The results showed the type of stainless steel type martensitic 431 increased significantly after the Hardening process of 21.20 HRC before hardening, and after the hardening process to 47 , 6 HRC with water cooling, 47.9 HRC with oil cooling medium and 46.5 HRC for air cooling media, hardness after tempering down ranges from 6-7 HRC to 41.7 HRC for hardening with water cooling medium 41, 2HRC hardening results with oil cooling medium, and 40,4HRC un tuk hardening results with air conditioning medium.

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Machining Capabilities of Abrasive Waterjet on Stainless Steel 304

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.895.313 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 895 ◽

pp. 313-318

Author(s):

S.B. Supriya ◽

S. Srinivas

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Cutting Tool ◽

High Hardness ◽

Abrasive Waterjet ◽

Depth Of Cut ◽

Machined Surface ◽

Sem Images ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Work Material

Stainless Steels are possessing fabrication flexibility, high hardness, durability, low maintenance, high strength and resistance to heat and corrosion. This alloy steel is extensively used in various engineering applications. Some of the conventional machining techniques results in loss of original properties of stainless steel work material and makes it to behave like ordinary material within the machined surface. Machining of Stainless steels is more challenging due to its high alloying content. Problems such as application of huge coolant supply and poor chip breaking while machining, work hardening in work material, use of cutting tools with varying tool signature, results in enhanced production cost and time. Further, it is important to ensure that there is no machine tool-cutting tool vibration leading to edge chipping of cutting tool. To avoid all these problems, Abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) is used. This paper presents the machining capabilities of AWJ on Stainless Steel304. Influence of dynamic input parameters such as jet pressure, speed of traverse and abrasive flow rate on the depth of cut is investigated. An empirical model is proposed for depth of cut and an error analysis is done with measured and modeled values of depth of cut. It was found that traverse speed influences more than other parameters. SEM images indicated smooth surface at entrance and waviness at exit side. The model proposed predicts the depth of cut more or less accurately.

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PENGARUH QUENCHING DENGAN MEDIA PENDINGIN AIR DAN OLI TERHADAP MECHANICAL PROPERTIS BAJA S45C

JTAM ROTARY ◽

10.20527/jtam_rotary.v1i2.1751 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 183

Author(s):

Deni Setiadi ◽

Achmad Kusairi Samlawi

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

High Hardness ◽

Hardness Test ◽

Water Cooling ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Cooling Medium ◽

A Value ◽

Before And After ◽

Cooling Media

The role of steel in the industrial world today is very important, especially in terms of making components related to violence such as gears, fly wheel, axe, and so forth.This steel has a high hardness for components that require hardness, to uletan and resistance to friction. get hardness and resistance to steel hence need heat treatment process using Quenching process. The material of this research is S45C carbon steel with specimen number 1 for hardness test before treatment and after treatment with rockwell test, this process is done in Central Laboratory of FMIPA UM, unfortunate. In this process heat treatment is carried out at temperatures of 800⁰C and 900⁰C with water and oil cooling medium, from the results of comparative analysis on S45C steel before and after the treatment obtained increased hardness. This can be seen from the test analysis in which 93 kgf of hardness n is for the untreated specimens. At a temperature of 800⁰C with a water cooling medium at a crude value of 94.6 kgf, and on oil cooling medium at a hardness value of 92.5 kgf. At a temperature of 900⁰C with a water cooling medium at a hardness value of 93.5 kgf and on the oil cooling medium at a value of 93 kgf. Can be concluded from all the cooling media is the highest media water with value of violence 94.6 kgf.Keywords: S45C Steel, Quenching, Cooling

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Analisa Pengaruh Variasi Media Pendingin Pada Proses HeatTreatment Metode Hardening-Tempering Material Baja S45C Terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro

Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin ◽

10.32497/jrm.v15i3.1989 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 199

Author(s):

Aldi Wahyu Permana ◽

Ratna Dewi Anjani ◽

Iwan Nugraha Gusniar

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Salt Water ◽

Coconut Water ◽

Water Cooling ◽

Cooling Medium ◽

Research Activities ◽

Hardening Process ◽

Metal Metal ◽

Cooling Media ◽

Tempering Process

In Our life, we always life with any tools and technology for improve our life. We can find many tools and other technolgy are made from metal. Of course, we need metals which have a characteristic for improve that inquiry, for example in terms of hardness in metal. Metal hardness can be increased in several ways. One of them is the hardening process. This process is a process of heat treatment of metal by heating and then cooling it to a certain temperature. In the traditional market, a lot of shredded coconut water is not used and can be used as a cooling medium in the hardening process. Therefore, the author will use the results of this wate shredded coconut water as a cooling medium for the hardening process. Researchers examined the effect of variations in heat treatment process cooling media on mechanical properties and microstructure with three variations of coolant. temperature 865 ⁰C for hardening process and 465 C for tempering process. research activities include hardness and micro structure testing. The results showed that the hardening process salt water cooling medium had the highest hardness value of 275.6Hv while the lowest hardness was obtained in the coconut water cooling medium which had carried out the tempering process with a hardness of 219.3Hv. This is influenced by SOQ (Severity Of Quenching) or what is called the ability of the cooling media, for salt water the value is 5.0 for SOQ and for coconut water below 2.055. Meanwhile, for the microstructure, it can be seen that the hardening process brine cooling medium has a finer structure than the other cooling specimens. Meanwhile, in the tempering process, martensite turned into finer ferrite cementite with a hardness of 269.3Hv

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Model for Optimization of the Tool Life and the Cutting Speed for Maximum Productivity at Drilling of the Steel 2NiCr185

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.760.433 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 760 ◽

pp. 433-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ovidiu Blăjină ◽

Aurelian Vlase ◽

Marius Iacob

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Tool Life ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Cutting Tool ◽

Cutting Speed ◽

Research Directions ◽

Maximum Productivity ◽

Optimum Cutting ◽

New Research

The research in the last decade regarding their cutting machinability have highlighted the insufficiency of the data for establishing of the optimum cutting processing conditions and the optimum cutting regime. The purpose of this paper is the optimization of the tool life and the cutting speed at the drilling of the stainless steels in terms of the maximum productivity. A nonlinear programming mathematical model to maximize the productivity at the drilling of a stainless steel is developed in this paper. The optimum cutting tool life and the associated cutting tool speed are obtained by solving the proposed mathematical model. The use of this productivity model allows greater accuracy in the prediction of the productivity for the drilling of a certain stainless steel and getting the optimum tool life and the optimum cutting speed for the maximum productivity. The obtained results can be used in production activity, in order to increase the productivity of the stainless steels machining. Finally the paper suggests new research directions for the specialists interested in this field.

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Optimum Tool Life and Cutting Speed for the Maximum Productivity at the Drilling of the Steel X6CrNiTi18-10

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.837.28 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 837 ◽

pp. 28-32

Author(s):

Ovidiu Blăjină ◽

Aurelian Vlase ◽

Vlad Darie

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Tool Life ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Cutting Tool ◽

Programming Model ◽

Cutting Speed ◽

Maximum Productivity ◽

Optimum Cutting ◽

Nonlinear Programming Model ◽

New Research

The research in the last decade regarding their cutting machinability have highlighted the insufficiency of the data for establishing of the optimum cutting processing conditions and the optimum cutting regime. The purpose of this paper is the optimization of the tool life and the cutting speed at the drilling of the stainless steels in terms of the maximum productivity. A nonlinear programming model to maximize the productivity at the drilling of a stainless steel is developed in this paper. The optimum cutting tool life and the associated cutting tool speed are obtained by solving the proposed mathematical model. The use of this productivity model allows greater accuracy in the prediction of the productivity for the drilling of a certain stainless steel and getting the optimum tool life and the optimum cutting speed for the maximum productivity. The obtained results can be used in production activity, in order to increase the productivity of the stainless steels machining. Finally the paper suggests new research directions for the specialists interested in this field.

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Pengaruh Perlakuan Panas Quenching dan Tempering terhadap Laju Korosi pada Baja AISI 420

Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material ◽

10.30588/jeemm.v1i2.257 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Sotya Anggoro

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Corrosion Rate ◽

Base Material ◽

Air Cooling ◽

Corrosion Resistant ◽

A Value ◽

Aisi 420 ◽

Quenching Process ◽

Cooling Media

Corrosion occurs in almost all metals. Even corrosion-resistant metals are corroded, but their corrosion rate is different from ordinary or non-corrosion resistant metals. This study examines the corrosion rate that occurs in stainless steel that is stainless steel. Stainless steel contains high enough chromium levels that can reduce the rate of corrosion that occurs. The metal material to be studied is the AISI 420 steel, which belongs to the Martensitic Stainless Steel class. This study examined the effect of heat treatment on corrosion rate and hardness level of AISI 420 steel. The heat treatment carried out was Quenching at 1020oC with a holding time of 60minutes with an oil cooling medium. After quenching the subsequent heat treatment is tempering with temperature variations of temperature 200oC and 300oC with a resistance time of 45 minutes and air cooling media. The results of this study showed that the base material specimens had the highest corrosion rate of 0.569 mm/y. The lowest corrosion rate is in specimens with quenching process with a value of 0.267 mm/y. The highest Vickers hardness values were found in specimens with quenching process with a value of 551 kg/mm2. The lowest hardness value is in the specimen with tempering process at 300oC with 405 kg/mm2.

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Study on the Heat-Treatment of Clad Plate for Cutting Tools

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.916 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 401-403 ◽

pp. 916-919

Author(s):

Lin Lin Yuan ◽

Jing Tao Han ◽

Jing Liu

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Cutting Tools ◽

High Hardness ◽

Core Layer ◽

Water Cooling ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Uniform Microstructure ◽

Hot Rolled ◽

Cutting Tool Materials

High sharpness, abrasion resistance, superior ductility, and processability are required in cutting tool materials application. Used 304(0Cr18Ni9) austenitic stainless steel as cladding and 440(7Cr17) martensitic stainless steel as core layer to produce excellently combined stainless steel plate by hot-rolled bonding in this investigation as well as researched various heat treatment processes. The results indicated that the core layer has high hardness and the cladding layer has tiny and uniform microstructure by the method of heating at 10501070°C for 15 minutes, water-cooling , then tempering at 200°C.

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PENGARUH MEDIA PENDINGINAN TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO HASIL PENGELASAN OXY ACETYLENE PADA MATERIAL BAJA ST-37

Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Undiksha ◽

10.23887/jjtm.v5i2.10397 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Made Angga Priadi ◽

I Nyoman Pasek Nugraha ◽

Gede Widayana

Keyword(s):

Weld Metal ◽

Base Metal ◽

Heat Affected Zone ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Welding Process ◽

Air Cooling ◽

Water Cooling ◽

Independent Variable ◽

The Mean ◽

Cooling Media

Media pendingin merupakan suatu substansi yang berfungsi dalam menentukan kecepatan pendinginan yang dilakukan terhadap material yang telah diuji dalam perlakuan panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kekerasan dan pengamatan struktur mikro material baja ST-37 yang dipengaruhi media pendinginan air, udara dan oli serta penelitian ini dapat memberikan bahan referensi bagi lingkup pendidikan teknik mesin dan sebagai acuan di dunia industri dalam menggunakan media pendingin pada proses pengelasan. Adapun jenis metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian eksperimen. Terdapat dua jenis variable yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu variabel bebas yang berupa media pendingin air, media pendingin udara dan media pendingin oli dan variabel terikatnya berupa sifat kekerasan. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dimana kekerasan daerah logam induk dengan media pendingin air memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 63,10 Kg/mm2, pendingin udara memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 65,61 Kg/mm2, dan media pendingin oli memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 62,68 Kg/mm2. Kekerasan pada daerah HAZ dengan media pendingin air memperoleh nila rata-rata sebesar 68,49 Kg/mm2, media pendingin udara memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 71,05 Kg/mm2 dan media pendingin oli memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 70,34 Kg/mm2. Kekerasan pada daerah logam las dengan media pendingin air memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 60,99 Kg/mm2, media pendingin udara memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 61,79 Kg/mm2 dan media pendingin oli memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 60,79 Kg/mm2. Berdasarkan dari hasil yang telah didapatkan baik pada logam induk, daerah HAZ dan logam Las dimana tingkat kekerasan yang lebih baik diperoleh dari proses pendinginan udara dibandingkan dengan media pendingin air dan media pendingin oli dari proses pengelasan oxy acytelene.Kata Kunci : Baja ST-37, Kekerasan Material, media pendinginan. The cooling media is a substance which has a function to determine the speed refrigeneration which carried out of the material that has been tasted by heat treatment. The objective of the research is to know the level of hardness and the observation of steel ST-37 material which is affected by cooling media such as water, air, and oil. Also this research may give a reference for Engineering Department of Education and industry in using cooling media for welding process. There is a method that use in this research, that is called quantitative research. There are two variables that use in this research. Independent variable and dependent variable. An independent variable are water, air, and oil cooling media. On the other hand, a dependent variable is nature of hardness. In this research the researcher got a results where the mean of hardness of the base metal area with the water cooling media is 63.10 Kg/mm2, in air conditioning is 61Kg/mm2, and the oil cooling is 62.68 Kg/mm2. The mean of a hardness in Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) by water cooling media 68,49 Kg/mm2, air cooling media is 71,05 Kg/mm2 and an air cooling is 70,34 Kg/mm2. The mean of Hardness in the weld metal area with water cooling media is 60,99 Kg/mm2, air-cooling media is 61,79 Kg/mm2 and oil-cooling media is 60,79Kg/mm2. Based on the result which has been gotten from base metal, Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), and weld metal where the best hardness level is obtained from air-cooling process rather than water cooling media and oil cooling media from oxy acytelene welding process.keyword : Cooling media, steel ST-37, hardness properties.

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Modification of Stainless Steels Surface Layers by Nitriding and Carbonitriding

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 712-715 ◽

pp. 12-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Маzhyn Skakov ◽

Sherzod Kurbanbekov ◽

Michail Scheffler ◽

Azretay Naltaev

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Plasma Nitriding ◽

Plasma Processing ◽

High Hardness ◽

Carbon Steels ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Surface Layers ◽

Low Carbon Steels ◽

Martensite Structure

The structure of low-carbon steels after saturation by nitrogen and carbon in the mode of electrolytic-plasma nitriding and carbonitriding on the surface structure of austenitic stainless steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti has been studied. Optimum modes of electrolytic-plasma nitriding and carbonitriding are determined ensuring the maximum saturation of nitrogen and carbon, the microhardness of the surface. It is established, that after electrolyte-plasma processing microstructure of steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti has martensite structure. As a result of the research it is revealed that steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti after the electrolyte-plasma processing has high hardness.

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PENGARUH MEDIA PENDINGIN PADA PROSES HARDENING TERHADAP KETANGGUHAN BAJA S45C

Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics ◽

10.33021/jmem.v4i1.655 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Govar Arianzas ◽

Dody Prayitno

Keyword(s):

Impact Strength ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Research Method ◽

Research Result ◽

Steel Sample ◽

Raw Material ◽

Water Cooling ◽

Hardening Process ◽

Cooling Media ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vegetable oil or water cooling media on the Hardening process on the value of the impact strength of S45C. The research method of the S45C steel sample was heated at 900˚C for 1 hour. The sample then in quenching the medium of water or vegetable oil is then tested for impact using the Charpy method. Research result. The value of impact strength of S45C steel is 0.416 Joule / mm2, Hardening (900˚C, 1 Hour) with Quenching Air media causing the value of impact strength to decrease from 0.416 Joule / mm2 to 0.135 Joule / mm2, Hardening (900˚C, 1 Hour) with media of Vegetable Oil Quenching causes the strength value to increase from 0.416 Joule / mm2 to 2,276 Joule / mm2, Microstructure in S45C steel "Raw Material" is ferrite and pearlite, Microstructure sample code "Quenching Air" is Martensite and Troostite, Microstructure sample code "Quenching MinyakSayur "is Bainit. Keywords. Impact Strength, Hardening, Water, Vegetable Oil.

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