scholarly journals PENGARUH MEDIA PENDINGIN PADA PROSES HARDENING TERHADAP KETANGGUHAN BAJA S45C

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Govar Arianzas ◽  
Dody Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Cooling Media ◽  
The Impact

<p>The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vegetable oil or water cooling media on the Hardening process on the value of the impact strength of S45C. The research method of the S45C steel sample was heated at 900˚C for 1 hour. The sample then in quenching the medium of water or vegetable oil is then tested for impact using the Charpy method. Research result. The value of impact strength of S45C steel is 0.416 Joule / mm2, Hardening (900˚C, 1 Hour) with Quenching Air media causing the value of impact strength to decrease from 0.416 Joule / mm2 to 0.135 Joule / mm2, Hardening (900˚C, 1 Hour) with media of Vegetable Oil Quenching causes the strength value to increase from 0.416 Joule / mm2 to 2,276 Joule / mm2, Microstructure in S45C steel "Raw Material" is ferrite and pearlite, Microstructure sample code "Quenching Air" is Martensite and Troostite, Microstructure sample code "Quenching MinyakSayur "is Bainit.<br />Keywords. Impact Strength, Hardening, Water, Vegetable Oil.</p>

Hybrid effects of carbon fiber and nanoclay as fillers on the performances of recycled wood-plastic composites

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 7671-7686
Author(s):  
Young-Rok Seo ◽  
Sang-U Bae ◽  
Birm-June Kim ◽  
Min Lee ◽  
Qinglin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
The Impact

Waste wood-plastic composite (WPC) was used in this work as a raw material to produce recycled WPCs reinforced with carbon fiber and nanoclay. To evaluate the synergistic effects of carbon fiber and nanoclay, various performances (i.e., microstrucural, mechanical, thermal, water absorption, and electrical properties) were investigated. Scanning electron micrographs and X-ray diffraction analysis of the fillers (carbon fiber and nanoclay) present in the recycled WPCs showed that the nanoclays were properly intercalated when filled with carbon fibers. According to mechanical property analysis, hybrid incorporation of carbon fibers and nanoclays improved impact strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength. However, further incorporation of nanoclays reduced the impact strength and did not improve the tensile modulus or the flexural modulus. The carbon fibers present in the recycled WPCs improved the electrical conductivity of the composites, despite the various fillers that interfered with their electrical conduction. In addition, carbon fibers and nanoclays were mixed into the recycled WPCs to improve the thermal stability of the composites. Finally, the presence of nanoclays in recycled WPCs led to increased water uptake of the composites.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties for Elephant Dung and its Utilization as a Raw Material Composites Sheet: A Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Ramratan . ◽  
Anupam Kumar ◽  
Rajinder Singh Smagh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Elephant Dung

Elephant dung is an excellent source of cellulosic fiber that is a basic requirement for paper making. But they contributed to very small percentage production of elephant dung. So, researchers are trying to find a new area of utilization of elephant dung fiber pulp as in reinforcement’s polymer composite. In this experiment element dung fiber pulp in the natural fiber component chemically treated with alkaline and soda AQ solution in this study, it has been aimed to use elephant dung fiber pulp in composite material and to study mechanical properties of the produced material. The produced composite samples were then characterized using tensile test, Izod impact test, thickness test. The fracture surface of the polymer composite sample was also inspected with the help of SEM. The content of elephant dung fiber pulp is varied (35%, 45%, 55%) weight percentage whereas the epoxy resin is varied (50%, 40%, 30%) percentage is kept constant 15% in hardener. The entire sample has been tested in a universal testing machine as per ASTM standard for tensile strength and impact strength. It is observed that composite with 35% fiber pulp is having the highest tensile strength of 4mm 6.445 Mpa and 8mm 11.80 Mpa. The impact strength of composite with 35% fiber pulp washes highest than 45% to 55% dung fiber pulp. This produces composite sheet will be used for the surfboards, sporting goods, building panel this not only reduces the cost but also save from environmental pollution.

scholarly journals PENGARUH VARIASI HOLDING TIME DAN MEDIA PENDINGIN TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO BAJA SUS 630 METODE HARDENING

JTAM ROTARY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Dwi Herizen ◽  
Rudi Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Residual Austenite ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Engineering ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Cooling Media

SUS 630 memiliki kekerasan 30,9 HRC dan kandungan Chromium 12% berdasarkan pemakaiannya di PT. Pupuk Kalimantan Timur merekomendasikan kekerasan sebesar 55 HRC, untuk meningkatkan kekerasan material dapat dilakukan dengan teknik material engineering yaitu Hardening. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi waktu tahan dan media pendingin terhadap kekerasan dan mikrostruktur baja sus 630. Proses pengerasan dilakukan hingga mencapai suhu 1020 0C kemudian waktu tahan dengan variasi 10, 20, 30, 40, dan 50 menit kemudian dicelupkan ke dalam air, air garam, dan minyak sampai suhu kamar. Struktur mikro diuji menggunakan mikroskop optik dengan perbesaran 400x dan kekerasan menggunakan kekerasan Rockwell C dengan beban 150 kg. Pengamatan struktur mikro setelah pengerasan struktur yang terbentuk adalah bilah martenstie, sisa austenit, dan karbida logam. Hasil uji kekerasan tertinggi pada media pendingin air (34,2 HRC), air asin (34,2 HRC), dan minyak (34,1 HRC) dan bahan baku (30,9 HRC). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pengerasan dapat meningkatkan nilai kekerasan. SUS 630 Steel hardness is 30.9 HRC and Chromium content is 12%, based on its use at PT. Pupuk Kalimantan Timur recommended a hardness of 55 HRC, to increase material hardness can be done by means of material engineering, namely Hardening. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of variations in holding time and cooling media on the hardness and microstructure of steel sus 630. The hardening process was carried out to reach 1020 0C then holding time with variations of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minutes then dipped into water , salt water, and oil to room temperature. Microstructure was tested using an optical microscope with 400x magnification and hardness using Rockwell C hardness with a load of 150 kg. The observation of the microstructure after hardening of the structure formed is the martenstie lath, residual austenite, and metal carbide. The hardness test results were highest in water cooling media (34.2 HRC), salt water (34.2 HRC), and oil (34.1 HRC) and raw material (30.9 HRC). From this study it can be concluded that the hardening process can increase the value of violence.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Media Pendingin Terhadap Kekerasan Baja Tahan Karat Martensitik Type 431 Pada Proses Hardening dan Tempering

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Suyanta Suyanta ◽  
Subagiyo Subagiyo ◽  
Syamsul Hadi ◽  
Zahratul Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Cooling Medium ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Cooling Media

Stainless steels consist of several types such as Austenitic, Ferritic and Martensitic, Martensitic is one of the stainless steels that has a hardenability property, so it is suitable to be used as cutting tool components which require high hardness and corrosion resistance . The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the hardness of stainless steel martensitic type of hardening results with variations of cooling media. Methods of research used were experiments, ie hardening process by heating the material up to 1100oC temperature, held for 30 minutes, then cooled quickly on water, oil and the air, then heated back to 400oC temperature, cooled slowly, the results tested the hardness of Rockwell C method The results showed the type of stainless steel type martensitic 431 increased significantly after the Hardening process of 21.20 HRC before hardening, and after the hardening process to 47 , 6 HRC with water cooling, 47.9 HRC with oil cooling medium and 46.5 HRC for air cooling media, hardness after tempering down ranges from 6-7 HRC to 41.7 HRC for hardening with water cooling medium 41, 2HRC hardening results with oil cooling medium, and 40,4HRC un tuk hardening results with air conditioning medium.

scholarly journals ANALISA PENGARUH AXIAL FORCE DAN ROTATIONAL SPEED PADA PROSES REPAIR AXLE SHAFT BEKAS MENGGUNAKAN FRICTION WELDING TERHADAP KETANGGUHAN AXLE SHAFT

Otopro ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Irfan Malik Hartanto ◽  
Akhmad Hafizh Ainur Rasyid
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Suppression Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

Increasing truck growth and a large number of failure phenomena on Axle Shaft components. Implied by an increase in shaft waste that fails, so an effort is needed to reduce it. One of the waste control methods that can be used is the repair principle. Repair is the maintenance and repair of waste that can still be used for the same function or other functions with certain businesses. The repair method carried out in this study is the process of joining the material using the friction welding process. Seeing the above phenomenon the researcher wants to know the effect of rotational speed and axial force on and toughness in the axle shaft shaft welding area. This research method uses an experimental research method with a welding process carried out on a lathe that has been added a hydraulic pressure device as an axial suppression mechanism. The results showed the greatest impact strength was found in variations of rotational speed of 1010 Rpm with the highest yield of 0.065030 J / mm² at forging pressures of 40 Kg / cm2 in weld metal areas while the lowest impact test results were generated from variations of 1800 Rpm rotational speed of 0.040970 J / mm² at forging pressure 20 Kg / cm2 in the weld metal area. So it can be concluded that rotational speed and axial pressure affect the impact strength of friction welding results

scholarly journals Phenomenon Of Verbal Bullying In The Pedawang Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 792-796
Author(s):  
Sheila Rizky Amalida Putri ◽  
Erik Aditia Ismaya ◽  
Much Arsyad Fardani
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Verbal Bullying ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study aims to determine the forms and factors of verbal bullying in children and the impact of verbal bullying on children’s self confidence in Pedawang Village. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The researcsubjects were three children in Pedawang Village. Based on the research  result, there are two kinds of forms and factors of verbal bullying, namely verbal bullying based on nicknames and verbal bullying based on physical forms. Victims of verbal bullying become less confident about themselves, this is evidenced by the vicims tho become quiet and insecure about themselves while paling together. From the results of the study, it was also found that the occurrence of verbal bullying was only for a joke to his friend, not to hurt the feelings of other.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Media Sosial dalam Pemasaran Produk UMKM di Kelurahan Sidokumpul, Kabupaten Gresik

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Zainal Abidin Achmad ◽  
Thareq Zendo Azhari ◽  
Wildan Naufal Esfandiar ◽  
Nafila Nuryaningrum ◽  
Anisah Farah Dhilah Syifana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Marketing System ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Online Buying

This research discusses how  the use of social media in marketing UMKM products in Sidokumpul Village, Gresik District, Gresik Regency. The research objective is to introduce UMKM products to the wider community in order to get a bigger market potential. This research method is qualitative by using phenomenological approach. The research result is, the use of social media provides good prospects for increasing the sales of UMKM products in Sidokumpul Village, Gresik District, Gresik Regency which is experiencing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is because the digital marketing system provides an online buying and selling platform, in order to facilitate the ordering and purchasing process. So that buyers can interact with UMKM owners to make transactions directly

scholarly journals Pengaruh Waktu Tahan Dan Penambahan Kadar Garam Dapur (NaCl) Dalam Media Pendingin Air Pada Proses Hardening Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Struktur Mikro Baja Karbon Rendah

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Richard A.M Napitupulu ◽  
Suriady Sihombing ◽  
Charles Manurung ◽  
Jonner Togatorop
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Cooling Media ◽  
Different Levels

This study aims to determine the effect of salt (NaCl) in water cooling media with different levels of 10%, 16% and 25% against the hardness level of low carbon steel tested with Vickers after hardening in the hardening process and to determine the proportion of media which coolant produces the highest hardness from the use of water cooling media which is added to different levels of NaCl. The independent variable in this study is the amount of salt (NaCl) dissolved in water cooling media with different percentages, namely 10%, 16% and 25%. While the dependent variable is the value of the hardness of the material tested with Vickers. Hardness in the hardening process with water cooling media which added different salt (NaCl), 10%, 16% and 25% is 185.02 VHN, 229 VHN and 284 VHN. From the results of the study it was found that there was an effect of the salt content (NaCl) in the water cooling media on the level of hardness in the hardening process of low carbon steel. Higher level of salt will increase value of hardness. The highest hardness was achieved in cooling media with a concentration of 25% NaCl that is equal to 284 VHN followed by cooling media with a concentration of 16% NaCl of 229 VHN and the lowest was a cooling medium with a concentration of 10% NaCl of 185.02 VHN.

scholarly journals Analisa Pengaruh Variasi Media Pendingin Pada Proses HeatTreatment Metode Hardening-Tempering Material Baja S45C Terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Aldi Wahyu Permana ◽  
Ratna Dewi Anjani ◽  
Iwan Nugraha Gusniar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Cooling Medium ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Metal Metal ◽  
Cooling Media ◽  
Tempering Process

<p><em>In Our life, we always life with any tools and technology for improve our life. We can find many tools and other technolgy are made from metal. Of course, we need metals which have a characteristic for improve that inquiry, for example in terms of hardness in metal. Metal hardness can be increased in several ways. One of them is the hardening process. This process is a process of heat treatment of metal by heating and then cooling it to a certain temperature. In the traditional market, a lot of shredded coconut water is not used and can be used as a cooling medium in the hardening process. Therefore, the author will use the results of this wate shredded coconut water as a cooling medium for the hardening process.  Researchers  examined  the  effect  of  variations in heat  treatment  process  cooling media  on mechanical properties and microstructure with three variations of coolant. temperature 865 </em><em>⁰</em><em>C for hardening process and 465 C for tempering process. research activities include hardness and micro structure testing. The results showed that the hardening process salt water cooling medium had the highest hardness value of 275.6Hv while the lowest hardness was  obtained in the coconut water cooling medium  which had carried out the tempering process with a hardness of 219.3Hv. This is influenced by SOQ (Severity Of Quenching) or what is called the ability of the cooling media, for salt water the value is 5.0 for SOQ and for coconut water below 2.055. Meanwhile, for the microstructure, it can be seen that the hardening process brine cooling medium has a finer structure than the other cooling specimens. Meanwhile, in the tempering process, martensite turned into finer ferrite cementite with a hardness of 269.3Hv</em></p>

scholarly journals Some Properties of Composite Drone Blades Made from Nanosilica Added Epoxidized Natural Rubber

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Sunisa Suchat ◽  
Aunnuda Lanna ◽  
Aujchariya Chotikhun ◽  
Salim Hiziroglu
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Propeller Blade ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Composite Samples ◽  
Made In

The objective of this study was to investigate the basic properties of composite materials that were made from epoxidized natural rubber and nanosilica to be used as blades for drones. Nanocomposite samples were prepared with 5% of epoxidized natural rubber and epoxy resin loaded with 3% nanosilica. Their resistance against accelerated weathering conditions as well as mechanical properties, including flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness, were evaluated. Based on the findings of this work, the impact strength of the samples decreased 13.33% and 33.33% as a result of exposing them to weathering by UV radiation for 168 h and 336 h, respectively. However, their tensile strength properties enhanced 35.71% and 19.05% for the above corresponding exposure time spars. Experimental composite samples that were made in this study would have great potential to be used as raw material for propeller blade for drones based on their properties evaluated within the scope of this work.

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