scholarly journals Living in single person households and the risk of isolation in later life

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hill ◽  
Laura Banks ◽  
Philip Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Adult Child ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Regular Contact

Data from the International Social Survey Programme (2001) was used to analyse the social networks of older people and whether living in single person households increased the risk of isolation. When comparing respondents with one or more adult children, there was no significant difference in the likelihood of experiencing familial isolation between people living in single person households and those living in larger households. A majority of those living in single person households had at least regular contact with a sibling, adult child or close friend and participated in a social organisation. Friends compensate to some extent for a lack of support from the family, although in southern and eastern European countries, other relatives appeared to be more important in support networks. People living in single person households were more likely to experience isolation, but this was largely related to advanced age and childlessness. Whilst a very small minority in Japan were living in single person households, they were significantly more likely to be severely isolated than those living in single person households in other countries.

scholarly journals Loneliness and Trust: An East-West Comparison in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 609-609
Author(s):  
Marja Aartsen ◽  
Gražina Rapolienė
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Later Life ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Abstract Loneliness in later life is two times more prevalent in Eastern and Southern European countries than in Northern and Western European countries. One explanation that is put forth is the difference in expectations about social relations. We examine a not often evaluated role of trust in society as factor contributing to the country differences in loneliness. We adopt the trust-as-antecedent model of social integration, and assume that social integration is associated with loneliness. We use data of respondents aged 65 and over participating in the European Social Survey and conduct a latent factors path analysis to examine the effect of trust in the system and trust in people on social capital and loneliness. Loneliness is two times more prevalent in Eastern Europe than the rest of Europe (26% vs 10%), levels of trust are substantially lower in Eastern European countries, which in turn is associated with higher levels of loneliness.

Social Skills and Family Climate of Behaviorally Disordered Adolescents

1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malka Margalit ◽  
Amazia Weisel ◽  
Tali Heiman ◽  
Shmuel Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Classroom Behavior ◽  
Family Climate ◽  
Behaviorally Disordered ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family

The social skills structure of behaviorally disordered adolescents was investigated in relation to their family climate and school competence and adjustment. The sample consisted of 109 male adolescents — 53 behaviorally disordered and 56 nondisabled students. The instruments were the Hebrew adaptations of the Social Skills Checklist, the Family Environment Scale, and the Classroom Behavior Inventory. The comparison between the factorial structure of the behaviorally disordered and the nondisabled responses show that the behaviorally disordered adolescents reported a global social skills concept, whereas their controls revealed a more differential concept. A significant difference was found between the two groups' perceptions of family climate: The behaviorally disordered adolescents viewed their families as more cohesive and organized, more emphasizing of the achievements and independence of the family members, and less enabling the expression of emotions. Teachers' perceptions of their behaviorally disordered students' social skills were also compared with the behaviorally disordered adolescents' self-reports, and significant differences were found. The teachers perceived a differential structure of skills, whereas the adolescents reported a global profile of higher functioning. Aspects of classroom behavior style and family climate were the best predictors of the social skills. Intervention planning should attend to the multivariate nature of social skills.

scholarly journals The Social Environment’s Relationship With Frailty: Evidence From Existing Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daan Duppen ◽  
Michaël C. J. Van der Elst ◽  
Sarah Dury ◽  
Deborah Lambotte ◽  
Liesbeth De Donder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

Increasingly, policymakers assume that informal networks will provide care for frail older people. While the literature has mainly discussed the role of the family, broader social networks are also considered to be important. However, these social networks can diminish in later life. This systematic review investigates whether the social environment increases the risk of frailty or helps to prevent it. Findings from 15 original studies were classified using five different factors, which denoted five dimensions of the social environment: (a) social networks, (b) social support, (c) social participation, (d) subjective neighborhood experience, and (e) socioeconomic neighborhood characteristics. The discussion highlights that the social environment and frailty are indeed related, and how the neighborhood dimensions and social participation had more consistent results than social support and social networks. Conclusively, recommendations are formulated to contemplate all dimensions of the social environment for further research examining frailty and community care.

Fatherhood in a Changing Society: Shifts in Male Fertility Patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Kyzlinková ◽  
Anna Šťastná
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
First Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Transition To Fatherhood

The fertility pattern in the Czech Republic, as in other central and eastern European countries, has undergone dynamic transformation over the last quarter of a century. This study aims to contribute to the debate on the influence of structural and situational variables on fertility in low-fertility countries and extends the debate by introducing the viewpoint of male reproduction. The aim is to identify the factors influencing the transition to fatherhood among Czech men and to discuss intergenerational changes in reproductive patterns. The data employed are taken from the Czech Generations and Gender Survey (2008). The transition to first child was analysed using the event history modelling method. The results revealed that the transition to fatherhood is positively influenced by co-residence partnerships (especially marriage), by having completed a tertiary-level education and by living independently. Conversely, the likelihood is significantly reduced by student status, the absence of a relationship, and having a considerably older partner. Employing the cohort approach, it was determined that the factors which influence male transition to first birth change over time. The clear linear impact of education on the transition to fatherhood apparent with respect to older cohorts no longer applies. Moreover, the influence of the family of origin, which made up a significant factor with respect to older cohorts, has all but disappeared in the youngest cohorts. Only marriage retains its dominant role with concern to predicting the transition to fatherhood across all cohorts.

scholarly journals The impact of the live-in housemaids intervention in family affairs and in the interactive relationship between couples in the Kuwaiti society

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Amer Al-Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
Sample Application ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the present study is to clarify the effect of the intervention of live-in maids in the family affairs and especially in the interactive relationship between couples whether by revealing respect or by their position in quarrels. The maid is a key factor in the domestic life of the host family; she plays a role in the food preparation and the cleaning, gives medicine to the children, resolves their problems and helps with their homework. The method and methodology for this study was the social survey and stratified random sample application. A questionnaire was used for the current study to collect data from 1,800 families consisting of a husband and a wife who live with the maid in the same house. The statistical package that was used in this study was SPSS for analyzing the collected data applying statistical equations such as the Independent Sample T-test for the two independent samples of the husbands and wives. Additionally, the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and the Post Hoc Multiple Comparison for Observed Means for comparisons between the averages of arithmetical means of the data of the study were used to investigate the effect of independent variables. The scale for the independent variable related to the maid’s interference in the family affairs included three levels as follows: (a –high intervention b – medium intervention c-absolute no intervention). The purpose was to know the effect of the independent variable on the two dependent variables which are 1 -respect between spouses 2 – fights between spouses). The findings of the study suggest that there is a statistical significance between the feelings of respect between spouses as well as the quarrels between the couple and the live-in maid’s interference in family affairs. Finally, the study recommends that future studies and research shed more light on the various problems with house servants like crimes and theft. 

scholarly journals Writing from a Distance. The Past and the Present in Novels by Central and Eastern European Female Migrant Writers in Italy

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-41
Author(s):  
Anna Belozorovich
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Literary Expression ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Female Migrant

Based on a research concerning literary works by the authors from Central and Eastern European countries living in Italy, this article explores the imaginary bonded to a vast geographical area and to a variety of social experiences connected to that area under regime or to the post-migration condition. The interviews conducted with the selected writers allow the authoress to gather elements that show the perception of the place of origin and its connection with neighboring countries, suggested by different motivations. The literary works cited in the article give testimony of lives under regimes and describe moments of transition due to political and social change or to the choice to migrate. While revealing sometimes a stereotyped view of the idea of ‘East’ in opposition to the ‘West’, these different voices, located at a spatial and temporal distance from the social realities they explore, suggest an important role of literary expression as means for contrasting the oblivion of the past and present injustices.

scholarly journals Fathers' Involvement in the Family, Fertility, and Maternal Employment: Evidence From Central and Eastern Europe

Demography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Fanelli ◽  
Paola Profeta
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Second Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Abstract For a sample of Central and Eastern European countries, characterized by historically high female labor force participation and currently low fertility rates, we analyze whether fathers' increased involvement in the family (housework and childcare) has the potential of increasing both fertility and maternal employment. Using two waves of the Generations and Gender Survey, we show that more paternal involvement in the family increases the likelihood that the mother will have a second child and work full-time. Men's fertility and work decisions are instead unrelated to mothers' housework and childcare. We also show that fathers' involvement in housework plays a more important role than involvement in childcare. The role of fathers' involvement in housework is confirmed when we consider women who initially wanted or intended to have a child, whose partner also wanted a child, or who intended to continue working.

scholarly journals Studi deskriptif minat sosial pada remaja ditinjau dari latar belakang keluarga

Cognicia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Hultia Manani Syarqi ◽  
Sofa Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Social Interest ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
The Family

Today’s teenagers spend more time with technology than interacting with people around them whereas adolescents should experience the process of learning and exploring and developing themselves through their surroundings and social environment to foster social interests. The purpose of this study is to describe the social interest of adolescents, especially regarding the family background using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The number of subjects in this study was 196 people with the criteria of the age is those in the age of 12-18 years. Data collection is conducted using the Social Interest Index (SII) instrument by Greever with a total of 32 items. The results of the study show that adolescents have moderate level social interest. There is no significant difference between social interest and the characteristics of the subjects or their family backgrounds.

scholarly journals Black Bodies, White Bodies – ‘Gypsy’ Images in Central Europe at the Turn of the Twentieth Century (1880–1920)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-93
Author(s):  
Éva Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Feudal Society ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
National Imaginary ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The One

The problem of the observer has long been a key concern of social theories. However, in mainstream sociology, it was not until three decades ago that the relationship between image and text, seeing and gaze, appeared on the horizon of the discipline. Studying the visual representation of Roma in Modernity, one sees how CentralEuropean societies create their own sexualised and feminised Blackness through ‘savage’ groups and individuals. The central thesis of the article is that, across Europe, the panoptic regime of Modernity operates with the optical unconscious in two ways. On the one hand, by re-visualising social differences that becameinvisible after the collapse of feudal society; on the other, by bringing the oppressed into sight and rendering the oppressors invisible. However, there is a significant difference between the Western and Eastern European representations of ‘savages’: in the process of nation-building, the ‘Gypsy’ became an ambiguous part of the national imaginary in Eastern European countries. The paper argues that ideas and visual representations of Roma commuted between Central and Western Europe resulted in tensions between the colonial and emancipatory gazes. 

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