scholarly journals RESOLUSI JIHAD : NASIONALISME KAUM SANTRI MENUJU INDONESIA MERDEKA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Inggar Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Founding Fathers ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
Freedom Fighters ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama

Nahdlatul Ulama is an Islamic-nationalist organization that has many important roles in achieving Indonesian independence. One of the contributions of this organization is present in Jihad Resolution. Jihad resolution was born as an answer to the uncertainty that hit the Indonesian leaders in facing the invaders. Through Jihad Resolution, the santri and freedom fighters succeeded in defeating Allied forces from Indonesia. Jihad resolutions which generally contain two categories of jihad. First, fardhu ‘ain it is for everyone who is within a 94 km radius of the epicenter of occupation of the invaders. Second, fardlu kifayah for residents who are outside the radius.  However, under certain conditions and emergencies, the status can be increased to fardhu ‘ain. Jihad resolution is considered as a strategic decision and of great value in providing moral support to the nation's leaders and igniting the patriotism of the santri, the people and the ulama in the physical revolution against the invaders. The clerics left the pesantren, leading the resistance to the last drop and gave command in front of the santri. Jihad Resolution is a manifesto of the nationalism of Indonesian clerics and clerics in upholding the building of Indonesian independence that the nation's founding fathers have just built. The existence of this fatwa signifies how kyai and santri not only understand religious issues, but also master national problems and play an active role in providing strategic solutions to existing problems. There are two strategic impacts on the resolution of jihad for the life of the nation and state. First, affirming the sovereignty of Indonesia as an independent nation from all forms of invaders in the Indonesian homeland. Second, united the unity of the warriors in a row to win independence and in the future gave birth to the Indonesian National Army.

scholarly journals URGENSI INTENSIFIKASI ZAKAT DI PROPINSI RIAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
YUSRIALIS YUSRIALIS ◽  
KHORNELIS DEHOUTMAN
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Technical Research ◽  
Sustainable Community ◽  
The People ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
The Future

This study aims to determine and analyze the urgency of Zakat Intensification in Riau province which is an absolute thing to improve the collection results so that it can improve the quality of life and create sustainable community welfare in Riau Province. Technical research was carried out using literature and observation methods. The results showed that the Intensification of Zakat in Riau Province Urgen (Important and Urgent) to be immediately carried out by the Regional Government of Riau Province together with the Legislature and Zakat Institutions and other elements of society, is useful so that the people of Riau Province can play an active role (participate) better in the future. in management, especially in maximizing the collection of Zakat, Utilization and new initiatives for the revival of Zakat in Riau. Recovery in people who are reluctant to give zakat needs to be done. One way is: by regulating sanctions, both criminal in the Regional Regulation for anyone Muslim and Muslim who do not want to deposit their zakat is recorded and given proportional sanctions, the point is to maximize zakat. More importantly, the intensification of zakat must be able to bring prosperity, prosperity and justice to all communities in Riau Province, and the need for synergy between the Regional Government of Riau Province with Baznas and LAZNAS to create various programs to intensify the collection of Zakat in Riau

scholarly journals A Review of Recycling Status of Decommissioned Lithium Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaodong Chen ◽  
Aichun Dou ◽  
Ye Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status

This review analyzes the current global use of lithium batteries and the recycling of decommissioned lithium batteries, focusing on the recycling process, and introduces the status of domestic and foreign recycling industry of decommissioned lithium batteries. It also points out the existing problems and the prospects for the future development of the decommissioned lithium batteries recycling in China.

scholarly journals KOMPETENSI ABSOLUT DAN RELATIF PERADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1986 Jo. UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 9 TAHUN 2004.

Solusi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Aspani
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Management ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The People ◽  
Constitutional State ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT Indonesia is constitutionally constitutional state and requires the government through its apparatus in the field of State Administration to play a positive active role in all aspects of people's lives to achieve the prosperity of their people. Within this framework, it is not uncommon for a dispute to be caused by actions from the government in the form of irregularities, thus violating the human rights of its citizens. Strictly speaking, these deviations constitute government actions that are detrimental to those affected by the decision, in this case the people. The foregoing raises problems namely; whether any decision of the State Administration or Agency that causes harm to a person or legal entity can be submitted and sued as a dispute to the State Administrative Court and administrative efforts in which the decision can be sued again through the State Administrative Court. In this study the authors use the method of normative law research (normative law research) and by using primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Normative legal research examines laws that are conceptualized as the norms or principles that apply in society, and become a reference for each person's behavior. Management and analysis of data is done in a qualitative way that is analyzing library data to produce descriptive data. After conducting discussions on the existing problems, it can be concluded, Each decision of the State Administration Agency or officials that causes harm to civil legal persons or entities can be submitted and sued as a dispute to the State Administrative Court. Its relative competency is related to the place of residence or jurisdiction of the court itself, as well as the parties to the dispute. Whereas the absolute competence can be seen from the point of view of the basis of disputes, which is due to the issuance of written provisions by the State Administrative Court or Agency. Administrative efforts in resolving state administrative disputes are known as administrative channels or efforts, whether in the form of administrative appeals or objections. In accordance with the basis of our country's philosophy of Pancasila, then the state administrative disputes should be resolved as far as possible through administrative efforts, which are more deliberative in reaching consensus. But if all available administrative efforts have been used, it turns out that the disputing parties remain unsatisfied, then the matter is raised and sued through the State Administrative Court.

scholarly journals The most significant date in Lithuania’s history

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-86
Author(s):  
Arvydas Pocius
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
The State ◽  
Success Story ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
Freedom Fighters ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fundamental Value ◽  
National Flag

The 16 February is the most significant date in Lithuania’s history. In 1918, an independent democratically-run modern civic state was established, together with the restoration of the statehood tradition cherished in the ancient Lithuania (1253-1795). On 16 February 2018, we celebrated the birth of a modern Lithuania. This date is like a bridge between the old Lithuania born on 6 July 1253 and the new independent Lithuania restored on 11 March 1990. Had it not been for the 16 February, there would have been no events of 11 of March, nor the subsequent success story. In the lead-up to the Centennial of the Restoration of the State (hereinafter – the Centennial), the past is seen not only as a reason to celebrate the important anniversary but also as an inspiration to reflect the historical significance of the past for today and the relevance of the issues of today for the past, i.e. the centennial achievements of the state and its people, and our ambitions for the next centennial which is fast approaching. The Centennial of the new Lithuania is a success story. The main achievements are as follows: Lithuania has become a player of the European and world history, with its modern civil society aware of the importance of freedom and the responsibility that goes with it, and with new emerging vistas for action for the Lithuanian state and its people. Building of the modern Lithuanian state in 1918 was based on the principles of the equality of all, as well as the freedom and prosperity, and this is why all freedom loving people of the country and Lithuanians living abroad, for the first time in the history of Lithuania, became the creators of their state, and later on, during the years of the occupation – the guardians of its tradition. The heroes of the restored Lithuania are thousands of those of different nationalities, religions and social groups having built and safeguarded the tradition of the Lithuanian statehood and national identity. They include volunteers, farmers, teachers, architects and engineers, athletes, aviators, clergy of various denominations, Righteous among the Nations, freedom fighters, dissidents that challenged the Soviet regime, people that created the liberation movement Sąjūdis, and the Lithuanians living abroad that preserved the idea of statehood and fostered the Lithuanian traditions. The hero of today is each individual living in Lithuania and each Lithuanian living abroad, who actively contributes to the building of Lithuania of the twenty-first century and knows that his daily efforts have an impact not only on the present but also on the future of the history of the Lithuanian state and the nation. Apart from the most important symbol of the Centennial, the national flag, we have our state symbol Vytis, bridging the two Lithuanias – the old and the new. The Centennial has revealed our capacity to draw the best from the depths of the past for the needs of the present; we are always ready to give our responsible and often times hard efforts for the bettering of our state and the people; we stand for our freedom, when this fundamental value is threatened; we have the vigour to build not only our own but also the European and world history. These things serve as the basis for us being proud of the achievements of the restored Lithuania, while inspiring us to work for the present and be hopeful about the future.

Shaping the Future: Strategy Making as Artificial Evolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubha Patvardhan ◽  
J. Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Artificial Evolution ◽  
Preferred Direction ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
Future Strategy ◽  
Strategy Making ◽  
Forward Looking

To investigate how firms engage in forward-looking action, we examined the processes by which a pioneering firm actively influenced the future of its industry over five decades. From our longitudinal field study, we generated a process model of strategy making that helps to explain how firms work to shape the future in some preferred fashion. Specifically, we describe our findings on shaping-oriented forward-looking strategy making in terms of “artificial evolution” processes—interventions by which a firm’s leaders challenge the status quo and leverage the internal ecology of the organization to nudge the evolution of the business landscape toward a preferred direction. This is distinct from the more conventional and commonly invoked natural selection processes that describe how firms adapt to markets or unintentionally shape them. These findings on strategy making as akin to artificial evolution complement and extend the traditional view of strategic management, which has historically focused on processes anchored in models of search and adaptation. Our findings also shed light on an exceptional mode of strategy making—one that goes beyond concerns of firm survival and competitive advantage, and tackles societal grand challenges. By accounting for constructivist, forward-looking dimensions of strategic agency, our findings also contribute to the microfoundations of strategic decision making and to organization theories, more generally.

A Study on the Development Status and Direction of Food Machinery

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Guang Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Development Prospect ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
Important Sign

Food is the first necessity of the people, While safety is in the paramount priority of food consumption. The degree of modernization of food machinery is the important sign of weighing a national food industry development level. This paper introduces the status of China's food machinery, analyzes the existing problems and put forward some measures to accelerate the food machinery development. After that, the author is full of confidence on the development prospect of food machinery.

Peran Pemuda Dalam Pembangunan Bangsa Perspektif Hadis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Raudatul Himmatil Mardiyati
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
National Development ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Moral Force ◽  
Muslim Youth ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

The background of this researchwas by the fact that the role of youth in national development was still low becauseMuslims youth seemslike losing their way, experiencing stagnation of creativity, getting out of their natural rotation, and losing their role models in their lives.At this time many of the Muslims youth are ensnared by the globalization virus that eliminates the extraordinary youth figure throughout the history of Islam. Even that disseminated artists who are product of  temporal world. The impact of losing role modelsis can be imitating bad Western culture.Start from hedonism, wasting money, dating. This research find the results if want to build the people and seek the return of the glory of Islam, Muslim youth will take that role. Youth's active role as a moral force is realized by developing ethical and moral aspects in acting on every dimension of youth life, strengthening faith and piety and mental-spiritual endurance, and increasing legal awareness. One day  glory ofislam was an accumulative work between generations, the triumph of Muslims will never stand only with the blood of one young man, not only with the tears of a young man, not only with the idea of one young man, therefore what is needed by Muslims in the future was not a young man, but a youth union and movement that initiates the unity of Muslims

Hukum Denda dalam Keuangan Publik Islam di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-328
Author(s):  
Fathul Aminudin Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

Fines are sanctions or punishments that are applied in the form of the obligation to pay a sum of money imposed on the denial of a number of agreements previously agreed upon. There is debate over the status of fines in Islamic law. Some argue that fines may not be used, and some argue that they may be used. In the context of fines for delays in payment of taxes, in fiqh law it can be analogous to ta'zir bi al-tamlīk (punishment for ownership). This can be justified if the tax obligations have met the requirements. Whereas according to Islamic teachings, fines can be categorized as acts in order to obey government orders as taught in the hadith, and in order to contribute to the realization of mutual benefit in the life of the state. As for the amount of the fine, the government cannot arbitrarily determine fines that are too large to burden the people. Penalties are applied as a message of reprimand and as a means to cover the lack of the state budget.

Indian Genocide – A Study Through The Works of Elizabeth Cook-Lynn

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Poonam Chourey
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Native People ◽  
The South ◽  
The People ◽  
Freedom Fighters ◽  
Purpose Of Business ◽  
Wounded Knee ◽  
Shed Light

The research expounded the turmoil, uproar, anguish, pain, and agony faced by native Indians and Native Americans in the South Dakota region.  To explain the grief, pain and lamentation, this research studies the works of Elizabeth Cook-Lyn.  She laments for the people who died and also survived in the Wounded Knee Massacre.  The people at that time went through huge exploitation and tolerated the cruelty of American Federal government. This research brings out the unchangeable scenario of the Native Americans and Native Indians.  Mr. Padmanaban shed light on the works of Elizabeth Cook-Lynn who was activist.  Mr. Padmanaban is very influenced with Elizabeth Cook-Lynn’s thoughts and works. She hails from Sioux Community, a Native American.  She was an outstanding and exceptional scholar.  She experienced the agony and pain faced by the native people.  The researcher, Mr. Padmanaban is concerned the sufferings, agony, pain faced by the South Dakota people at that time.  The researcher also is acknowledging the Indian freedom fighters who got India independence after over 200 years of sufferings.  The foreign nationals entered our country with the sole purpose of business.  Slowly and steadily the took over the reign of the country and ruled us for years, made all of us suffer a lot.

Damages caused by Polish cavalry in Tyszowce starosty in 17th-18th century

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Adam Frykowski
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Town ◽  
Crown Lands ◽  
Negative Phenomena

SUMMARYNon-city starosty of Tyszowce was located in the province of Belz and received the status of royal land in 1462. Its territory included the town of Tyszowce and villages: Mikulin, Perespa, Klatwy and Przewale. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the starosty suffered from a significant increase of various negative phenomena. The crown lands had bitterly tasted devastating fires, epidemics, contributions, requisitions, robberies and field devastations. All these disasters were caused mainly by war and military activities. Marches of soldiers and quartering of troops greatly contributed to the situation and were usually associated with the need of maintaining the soldiers. The requisitions of food, alcohol, cattle, horses and poultry were particularly burdensome for the people. The greatest economic devastation as regards the resources of the starosty and its people was caused by monetary contributions, usually several times higher than the financial capacity of the town and its inhabitants. This work focuses on damages to the starosty caused by the royal cavalry. According to the literature, it is clear that the behavior of the troops in Tyszowce Starosty was not different from the behavior of soldiers in other areas of Poland. It must be admitted that the reprehensible behavior of the army was influenced by many conditions, from the recruitment of people from backgrounds often involving conflict with law, as well as foreigners, to the accommodation system under which the soldiers were forced to supply themselves “on their own.”

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