scholarly journals Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Bibliometric Review From 2001 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhen Yuan ◽  
Jingjing Shi ◽  
Qiulei Jia ◽  
Shuqing Shi ◽  
Xueping Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Subject Categories ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Topic Distribution

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious threat to global public health due to its high prevalence and disability rate. Meanwhile, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has attracted increasing attention for its positive effects on the cardiovascular system. There is overwhelming evidence that CR for patients with CVD is effective in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To learn more about the development of CR, 5,567 papers about CR and related research were retrieved in the Web of Science Core Collection from 2001 to 2020. Then, these publications were scientometrically analyzed based on CiteSpace in terms of spatiotemporal distribution, author distribution, subject categories, topic distribution, and references. The results can be elaborated from three aspects. Firstly, the number of annual publications related to CR has increased year by year in general over the past two decades. Secondly, a co-occurrence analysis of the output countries and authors shows that a few developed countries such as the United States, Canada, and the UK are the most active in carrying out CR and where regional academic communities represented by Sherry Grace and Ross Arena were formed. Thirdly, an analysis of the subject categories and topic distribution of the papers reveals that CR is a typical interdiscipline with a wide range of disciplines involved, including clinical medicine, basic medicine, public health management, and sports science. The research topics cover the participants and implementers, components, and the objectives and requirements of CR. The current research hotspots are the three core modalities of CR, namely patient education, exercise training and mental support, as well as mobile health (mHealth) dependent on computer science. In conclusion, this work has provided some useful information for acquiring knowledge about CR, including identifying potential collaborators for researchers interested in CR, and discovering research trends and hot topics in CR, which can offer some guidance for more extensive and in-depth CR-related studies in the future.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Use of Telemedicine in the Military Forces Worldwide

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mohammadi ◽  
Zeinab Tabanejad ◽  
Shahabeddin Abhari ◽  
Behnam Honarvar ◽  
Mina Lazem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Military Medicine ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Military Forces ◽  
The Military

Context: Considering the pivotal role of telemedicine in providing healthcare services for remote areas, some of the military medical centers, especially in developed countries, use different types of telemedicine programs. Objectives: The present study aimed at identifying the implemented telemedicine projects in military medicine worldwide and introducing their features. Evidence Acquisition: The current systematic review was performed in 2018. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published from 2014 to 2018 by a combination of related keywords, and the related original articles were then selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected by a data extraction form, and then the data were summarized and reported based on the study objectives. Results: Of the 173 articles retrieved from the first round of search, 12 were included in the study; five (41.66%) studies had used the synchronous (real-time telemedicine) method. The United States, with nine studies, had the highest number of projects in military telemedicine. Most studies (n = 7) were performed on tele-psychology and the application of telemedicine in psychology. All selected studies reported the positive effects of telemedicine on providing healthcare for military forces. Conclusions: The proper utilization of telemedicine equipment is effective in saving time for both patients and healthcare providers, reducing costs, supporting in natural disasters, and satisfying patients with military medicine. To achieve telemedicine program objectives, they should be set precisely. Considering the importance of timely healthcare services, it is suggested to utilize synchronous methods and tools such as video conferencing.

scholarly journals A review of the research on music therapy in hospice care

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Meng-Xue Fu ◽  
Qin Lin ◽  
Ji-Jun Wu ◽  
Xiao-Li Zhong ◽  
Ling-Na Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Statistics ◽  
Care At Home

AbstractObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of music therapy in hospice care and to provide reference for further research.MethodsA wide range of literatures on music therapy and hospice care at home and abroad were searched and read, and the literature was integrated, judged, analyzed, and summarized.ResultsThe related research on music therapy in hospice care mainly focused on western developed countries such as Europe and the United States. China is still in the stage of theoretical exploration, lacking qualitative research based on case investigation and empirical research based on data statistics.ConclusionsMusic therapy supports the management of symptoms in hospice care, which can meet the diverse needs of patients and their family members including physical, psychological, social, and spiritual.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Trends in Florida – August 10 – November 14, 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah D. Jones ◽  
Jacob E. Romer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
National Database ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Case Data

AbstractLimited research on the prevalence and characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in K-12 environments has led to a flurry of speculative, qualitative, non-data-driven analysis with potentially dangerous implications for public health policy. Twenty-four US states provide, at a minimum, outbreak data in K-12 schools. Student enrollment across Florida’s 67 districts totals more than 2.67 million, with five of the ten most populated districts in the country in the state. This study uses Florida as a case study in COVID-19 trends in schools. With no state-wide mask mandate, varying levels of virtual-instruction participation, and a range of rural, suburban, and urban environments, Florida represents the wide range of learning environments and COVID-19 approaches to mitigation observed across the country. The Covid Monitor began tracking case data in K-12 schools in July 2020, and has since reported more than 200,000 confirmed cases of the virus in the K-12 environment nationwide – the largest date repository for cases in schools. The Covid Monitor’s national database allows for analysis of the characteristics and trends of cases in schools over time. The results may inform decisions about continued in-person and virtual learning access and promotion across the United States, as well as mitigation measures related to reopening policies across districts responsive to model results. These results also provide a baseline for monitoring trends and evaluating mitigation strategies.Table of Contents SummaryUsing the most comprehensive database of K-12 COVID-19 case data in the country, Florida provides clues for understanding student and staff cases in schools.What’s known on this subjectFlorida schools began reopening to in-person instruction in August and reported 15,393 student and staff cases of COVID-19 as of November 14, 2020. Incidence of COVID-19 cases in K-12 students and staff is of urgent public health concern.What this study addsCOVID-19 cases reported in Florida schools were most influenced by community case rates and percent of students attending face-to-face. Student case rates were highest in high schools (4.5 per 1,000); staff case rates were highest in elementary levels (4.5-4.8).

Misunderstanding Regarding to Global Warming and Nuclear Power

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiyokazu Fukae
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Nuclear Power Generation ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Wide Range

The results of surveys conducted in some developed countries (the United States, Germany, and France) and in Japan showed that approximately 50% of the respondents considered nuclear power generation to be a cause of global warming. Therefore, it is important to investigate why a wide range of people lack the awareness that nuclear power generation is an effective means of preventing global warming and why approximately 50% of people think that nuclear power generation is a cause of global warming. In this research, it was investigated why people think that nuclear power generation is a cause of global warming. Factor analysis method was applied to data obtained from survey at Kansai area in Japan. Using the survey results, people’s awareness structure was analyzed to determine factors behind people’s perception that nuclear power generation is a cause of global warming and to identify ideas preventing people from recognizing nuclear power generation, which emits no carbon dioxide during power generation, as a means of preventing global warming. As a result, the misunderstanding, the thermal discharge and radioactive material etc. produced from a nuclear power plant promotes global warming, has influenced on this issue. It has become evident that behind such misunderstanding is a negative image of nuclear power. This negative image is a factor to decrease the evaluation that nuclear power is useful for preventing global warming regardless of the presence of the misunderstanding. It is believed that the negative image of nuclear power does not lead to direct association of nuclear power generation and global warming, but by the fear that the accident of the nuclear plant brings the environmental destruction, people evaluate that nuclear power generation is not effective for preventing global warming without grounds. Especially, the tendency is very strong in young people.

National Parks in Developed Countries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Richardson ◽  
Bruce Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Wide Range

Economics plays an important role not only in the management of national parks in developed countries, but also in demonstrating the contribution of these areas to societal well-being. The beneficial effect of park tourism on jobs and economic activity in communities near these protected areas has at times been a factor in their establishment. These economic impacts continue to be highlighted as a way to demonstrate the benefit and return on investment of national parks to local economies. However, the economic values supported by national parks extend far beyond local economic benefits. Parks provide unique recreation opportunities, health benefits, preservation of wildlife and habitat, and a wide range of ecosystem services that the public assigns an economic value to. In addition, value is derived from the existence of national parks and their preservation for future generations. These nonmarket benefits can be difficult to quantify, but they are essential for understanding and communicating the economic importance of parks. Economic methods used to estimate these values have been refined and tested for nearly seven decades, and they have come a long way in helping to elucidate the extent of the nonmarket benefits of protected areas. In many developed countries, national parks have regulations and policies that outline a framework for the consideration of economic values in decision-making contexts. For instance, large oil spills in the United States, such as the Exxon Valdez spill of 1989 and the Deepwater Horizon spill of 2010, highlighted the need to better understand public values for affected park resources, leading to the extensive use of nonmarket values in natural resource damage assessments. Of course, rules and enforcement issues vary widely across countries, and the potential for economics to inform the day-to-day operations of national parks is much broader than what is currently outlined in such policies. While economics is only one piece of the puzzle in managing national parks, it provides a valuable tool for evaluating resource tradeoffs and for incorporating public preferences into the decision-making process, leading to greater transparency and assurance that national parks are managed for the benefit of society. Understanding the full extent of the economic benefits supported by national parks helps to further the mission of these protected areas in developed countries.

Cancer Policy Framework for: Public Health Assessment of Carcinogens in the Environment

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Derosa ◽  
Yee-Wan Stevens ◽  
Barry L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Science Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Wide Range

Cancer remains at the forefront of public health concerns in the United States and throughout the world. Over the past 20 years a wide range of federal agencies and other organizations have been involved in developing policy statements, classification strategies, and assessment methods to address carcinogenesis and health risks. Each of these documents was developed in response to issues confronted by those organizations in pursuing their mission, often as a direct function of legislative mandates. In pursuing its mandated responsibilities, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) must address public health concerns associated with exposure to carcinogens in the context of all available relevant information. This information includes both technical data as well as science policy positions adopted by the range of organizations with programs germane to the assessment and/or regulation of carcinogens. Because of distinct differences in perspective, practice, and policy dictated by the mandated activities of these organizations and the rapidly evolving understanding of carcinogenesis, apparently divergent positions may be reflected in their conclusions. The differences outlined above, coupled with requests from the public, other agencies, and the private sector for a statement reflecting the Agency's position on science and science policy issues related to cancer, prompted the development of this policy. This document is intended to serve as a framework to guide the Agency in its programs and actions regarding carcinogens and to harmonize such efforts with those of other federal agencies and relevant organizations. This framework reflects an assessment of current practice within the Agency and defines the appropriate roles of conclusions derived by other groups, professional judgment, and emerging scientific principles in ATSDR's public health assessments of exposures to carcinogens. This Cancer Policy Framework is not intended to encompass the development of operational guidelines per se, although the Agency recognizes the utility of such efforts. A central theme of this Cancer Policy Framework is the use of risk analysis as an organizing construct based on sound biomedical and other scientific judgment to define plausible exposure ranges of concern rather than single numerical conclusions that may convey an artificial sense of precision. The development and use of innovative tools for exposure and dose response assessment (with particular emphasis on molecular epidemiology) are also endorsed.

Results and Recommendations From a National Public Health Workforce Development Systems Assessment Conducted in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 237337992090764
Author(s):  
Christina R. Welter ◽  
Betty Bekemeier ◽  
Jennifer McKeever
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
Public Health Training ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Workforce Development

Multiple public health workforce development assessments report individual worker knowledge and skill-based training needs. These assessments do not capture practitioners’ in-depth perceptions of complex public health challenges and whether workforce development approaches address these issues. To address this gap, the Public Health Learning Network—a national coalition of 10 Regional Public Health Training Centers located at United States accredited schools of public health, their partners, and the National Network of Public Health Institutes—conducted a public health workforce development assessment using a two-phased mixed-method design to explore systems-level gaps and opportunities for improving workforce development effectiveness. Phase 1 included a content analysis of major public health workforce development reports and peer-reviewed literature. Phase 2 included primary qualitative data collection of key informant interviews and focus groups via conference call with 43 participants representing 41 public health organizations at the local, state, and national levels. Results included a wide range of challenges with an emphasis on major systems changes, the shift in public health’s role to more effectively build community collective capacity, limited staff capacity and capability, and the need for more flexible and integrated training funding. Public health workforce development approaches recommended to address these challenges included improving pedagogical approaches toward more integrated, multimodal training delivered over time; increasing workforce capacity to address complex challenges such as racism and housing; and facilitating public health workforce development system coordination and alignment. Public Health Learning Network’s workforce assessment also identified opportunities for conceptualizing the definition and delivery of training toward ongoing learning.

scholarly journals Preventing Avoidable Deaths in Police Encounters with Citizens: Immediate Priorities

2020 ◽  
Vol 687 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-226
Author(s):  
Lawrence W. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Police Encounters ◽  
American Police

The global problem of fatal encounters between police and citizens is a massive challenge for both public health and public safety. This volume focuses on a wide range of ideas and evidence about what might be done to save lives in police-citizen encounters, at least in the United States. I focus on three ideas that could make the most difference, most quickly. Each of the ideas is supported by both substantial research evidence and a feasibility assessment of which ideas might be adopted. Three ideas that can transcend political gridlock, appeal to both supporters and critics of the American police, and appeal to police officers themselves are presented: (1) empowering police to take away legally possessed guns from manifestly dangerous people, (2) supporting police in emergency first aid and medical treatment of anyone who is injured by gunfire, and (3) developing implementation strategies based on research on the interactional tactics associated with fatalities and their prevention.

scholarly journals Understanding lead in water and avoidance strategies: a United States perspective for informed decision-making

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey J. Pieper ◽  
Adrienne Katner ◽  
Rebecca Kriss ◽  
Min Tang ◽  
Marc A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Avoidance Strategies ◽  
Significant Public Health

Abstract The pervasiveness of lead in drinking water poses a significant public health threat, which can be reduced by implementing preventive measures. However, the causes of elevated lead in water and the benefits of lead in water avoidance strategies are often misunderstood. Based on experiences in the United States, this paper describes an oversimplified ‘lead in water equation’ to explain key variables controlling the presence of lead in drinking water to better inform public health practitioners, government officials, utility personnel, and concerned residents. We illustrate the application of the equation in Flint, Michigan and explore the primary household-level water lead avoidance strategies recommended during the crisis, including flushing, filtration, bottled water use, and lead pipe removal. In addition to lead reduction, strategies are evaluated based on costs and limitations. While these lead avoidance strategies will reduce water lead to some degree, the costs, limitations, and effectiveness of these strategies will be site- and event-specific. This paper presents a simplified approach to communicate key factors which must be considered to effectively reduce waterborne lead exposures for a wide range of decision makers. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

Domestic Legal Preparedness and Response to Ebola

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (S1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Hodge ◽  
Matthew S. Penn ◽  
Montrece Ransom ◽  
Jane E. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Emory University ◽  
State And Local

While the global threat of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in 2014 was concentrated in several West African countries, its effects have been felt in many developed countries including the United States. Initial, select patients with EVD, largely among American health care workers (HCWs) volunteering in affected regions, were subsequently transported back to the states for isolation and treatment in high-level medical facilities. This included Emory University Hospital, which sits adjacent to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia.The first domestic case of EVD occurred in late September in Dallas, Texas. Additional exposures of two HCWs generated an array of legal issues for state and local public health authorities, hospitals, and providers. Consideration of these issues led to extensive discussion among lawyers, public health practitioners, and other attendees at a late-breaking session on EVD and Legal Preparedness at the 2014 National Public Health Law conference. In this commentary, session presenters from CDC and Emory University share their expert perspectives on legal and policy issues underlying state and local powers to quarantine and isolate persons exposed to or infected with Ebola, as well as facets of hospital preparedness underlying the successful treatment of patients with EVD.

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