scholarly journals NMR Metabolite Profiles of the Bivalve Mollusc Mytilus galloprovincialis Before and After Immune Stimulation With Vibrio splendidus

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Frizzo ◽  
Enrico Bortoletto ◽  
Tobia Riello ◽  
Luigi Leanza ◽  
Elisabetta Schievano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Bivalve Mollusc ◽  
Immune Stimulation ◽  
Vibrio Splendidus ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Nmr Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Before And After

The hemolymph metabolome of Mytilus galloprovincialis injected with live Vibrio splendidus bacteria was analyzed by 1H-NMR spectrometry. Changes in spectral hemolymph profiles were already detected after mussel acclimation (3 days at 18 or 25 °C). A significant decrease of succinic acid was accompanied by an increase of most free amino acids, mytilitol, and, to a smaller degree, osmolytes. These metabolic changes are consistent with effective osmoregulation, and the restart of aerobic respiration after the functional anaerobiosis occurred during transport. The injection of Vibrio splendidus in mussels acclimated at 18°C caused a significant decrease of several amino acids, sugars, and unassigned chemical species, more pronounced at 24 than at 12 h postinjection. Correlation heatmaps indicated dynamic metabolic adjustments and the relevance of protein turnover in maintaining the homeostasis during the response to stressful stimuli. This study confirms NMR-based metabolomics as a feasible analytical approach complementary to other omics techniques in the investigation of the functional mussel responses to environmental challenges.

scholarly journals Putative imbalanced amino acid metabolism in rainbow trout long term fed a plant-based diet as revealed by 1H-NMR metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Deborde ◽  
Blandine Madji Hounoum ◽  
Annick Moing ◽  
Mickaël Maucourt ◽  
Daniel Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract The long-term effect of a plant (P)-based diet was assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomics in rainbow trout fed a marine fish meal (FM)–fish oil (FO) diet (M), a P-based diet and a control commercial-like diet (C) starting with the first feeding. Growth performances were not heavily altered by long-term feeding on the P-based diet. An 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis of the feed revealed significantly different soluble chemical compound profiles between the diets. A set of soluble chemical compounds was found to be specific either to the P-based diet or to the M diet. Pterin, a biomarker of plant feedstuffs, was identified both in the P-based diet and in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet. 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis on fish plasma and liver and muscle tissues at 6 and 48 h post feeding revealed significantly different profiles between the P-based diet and the M diet, while the C diet showed intermediate results. A higher amino acid content was found in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet compared with the M diet after 48 h, suggesting either a delayed delivery of the amino acids or a lower amino acid utilisation in the P-based diet. This was associated with an accumulation of essential amino acids and the depletion of glutamine in the muscle, together with an accumulation of choline in the liver. Combined with an anticipated absorption of methionine and lysine supplemented in free form, the present results suggest an imbalanced essential amino acid supply for protein metabolism in the muscle and for specific functions of the liver.

Energy and Resources Recovery from Gasified Screenings and Toxic Sludge

2021 ◽  
Vol 1045 ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
Siviwe H. Bunge ◽  
James L. Topkin ◽  
Joshua Gorimbo ◽  
Diakanua B. Nkazi
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Management Options ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Oil Resources ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Before And After

Sludge and screenings management is increasingly becoming a dilemma due its accumulating and tightening environmental regulations that limit its disposal methods. Various sludge management options have been researched, ranging from incineration, thermochemical liquefaction, to pyrolysis and gasification. This work proposes syngas, bio-oil, chemical resources and bio-char production for beneficiation through gasification of a mixture of sludge and screenings at different ratios of 25/75, 50/50 and 75/25. It also studies mass loss and toxins possible destruction by gasification temperatures and reactions. Toxicity and CHNS analysis before and after gasification were aimed at finding sludge energy content, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), was to find sampling and stopping temperatures during gasification. The overall best results of high syngas quality (high LHV, H2, CO and CH4 contents) and high quality bio-oil (i.e. cleanest, with high crude oil equivalent bonds such as C1 up to C36 and higher applicable bio-oil resources and chemical species obtained) was achieved by a 75/25 ratio, followed by a 50/50 ratio. The results also showed some possibility of biological and chlorinated hydrocarbon toxins (PCBs and PAHs) break down as well as the reduction of sludge and screenings to about 32% of the initial mass. These results can be further investigated for syngas application in power generation and liquid fuel production. Char toxicity can be analysed for its application in agriculture and for its adsorption properties. Char can be analysed for the presence of metals in it.

Metallkomplexe mit biologisch wichtigen Liganden, CXLVI [1]. Bis(allyl)-N,O-α-Aminocarboxylat-Rhodium-Komplexe / Metal Complexes of Biologically Important Ligands, CXLVI [1]. Bis(allyl)-N,O-α-Aminocarboxylate-Rhodium Complexes

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 810-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Ponikwar ◽  
Peter Mayer ◽  
Wolfgang Beck
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Rhodium Complexes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr

The reactions of [(η3-C3H5)2Rh-μ-Cl]2 with the anions of α-amino acids (glycine, L-alanine, L-valine, L-isoleucine, L-proline, L-phenylalanine, L-phenylglycine, L-thyrosine) afford the N,O-chelates (η3-C3H5)2Rh(α-amino carboxylate). For complex (η3-C3H5)2Rh(glycinate) dynamic behaviour in solution could be observed by 1H NMR. The structure of (η3-C3H5)2Rh(L-prolinate) was determined by X-ray diffraction.

scholarly journals NMR-Spectrometric Determination of the Fragmented Oil Composition from the Karazhanbas and Zhangurshi Oil Deposits

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
D.U. Bodykov ◽  
T.M. Seilkhanov ◽  
M. Nazhipkyzy ◽  
A.S. Toylybayev ◽  
R. Salakhov
Keyword(s):  
13C Nmr ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
A Value ◽  
Heavy Oil Residues ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Integrated Intensities

The methods of 1 H, 13C NMR-spectroscopy were used to study the fragmentary compositions of oil from the Karazhanbas, Zhangurshi deposits (Kazakhstan) and heavy oil residues obtained before and after the electrohydraulic effect of water hammer after topping a light fraction of oil products. Their fragmentary composition were determined by the value of integrated intensities of 1 H, 13C NMR signals of the oil under study. The obtained results have shown that the composition of oil samples understudy includes terminal CH3-groups of long alkyl chains having a value of 0.87 ppm. The presence of long alkyl chains of oil components imparts a high viscosity and bituminous consistency to the latter. The content of aromatic protons according to the integrated intensities of 1 H NMR in both oil samples does not exceed 2.08%; but there are no aromatic nuclei by the integral intensities of carbon atoms at all. The low content of protons of Hα-type in hydrocarbon crude (5.2–5.3%) indicates a low content of aromatic and carbonyl carbons as well as heteroatoms in the studied samples. The content of the greater proportion of protons of the Hγ-type in Karazhanbas oil (33.0%) compared to the Zhangurshi oil (23.8%) indicates a greater length of aliphatic hydrocarbons of the latter and its increased viscosity.

scholarly journals Identification of Plasmatic Biomarkers of Foie Gras Qualities in Duck by Metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohre Mozduri ◽  
Nathalie Marty-Gasset ◽  
Bara Lo ◽  
Ali Akbar Masoudi ◽  
Mireille Morisson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Foie Gras

The foie gras is an emblematic product of French gastronomy composed of waterfowl fatty liver. The organoleptic qualities of this product depend on the liver characteristics such as liver weight (LW) and technological yield (TY) at cooking. One of the main issues for producers is to classify the foie gras with high or low technological quality before cooking them. Thus the study aims at identifying biomarkers of these characteristics with non-invasive biomarkers in duck. 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance of the proton) analyses were performed on plasma of male mule ducks at different time points during the overfeeding period to obtain a large range of liver characteristics so as to identify plasmatic biomarkers of foie gras. We used two methods, one based on bucket data from the 1H-NMR spectra and another one based on the fingerprints of several metabolites. PLS analyses and Linear models were performed to identify biomarkers. We identified 18 biomarkers of liver weight and 15 biomarkers of technological yield. As these two quality parameters were strongly correlated (−0.82), 13 biomarkers were common. The lactate was the most important biomarker, the other were mainly amino acids. Contrary to the amino acids, the lactate increased with the liver weight and decreased with the technological yield. We also identified 5 biomarkers specific to LW (3 carbohydrates: glucuronic acid, mannose, sorbitol and 2 amino acids: glutamic acid and methionine) that were negatively correlated to liver weight. It was of main interest to identify 2 biomarkers specific to the technological yield. Contrary to the isovaleric acid, the valine was negatively correlated to the technological yield.

Chiral sensors for determining the absolute configurations of α-amino acid derivatives

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (37) ◽  
pp. 8311-8317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongxiang Chen ◽  
Hongjun Fan ◽  
Shiwei Yang ◽  
Guangling Bian ◽  
Ling Song
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Derivatives ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
The Absolute

Two simple 1H NMR tests give the absolute configurations of α-amino acids.

Chromopeptides from Phytochrome and Phycocyanin. NM R Studies o f the Pfr and Pr Chromophore of Phytochrome and E,Z Isomeric Chromophores of Phycocyanin

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Thümmler ◽  
Wolfhart Rüdiger ◽  
Edmund Cmiel ◽  
Siegfried Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Acid Interaction ◽  
Spirulina Maxima ◽  
Nmr Spectrum ◽  
Pepsin Digestion ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Amino Acid Interaction

Chromopeptides were prepared by pepsin digestion of C-phycocyanin isolated from the cyano­bacterium Spirulina maxima and of phytochrome isolated from seedlings of Avena sativa L. The chromopeptides were characterized by amino acid analysis. The ZZZ configurated chromophore of the phycocyanin peptide was transformed into its ZZE configurated isomer by the method of Falk et al. (Mh. Chemie 111, 159- 175, 1980) which had previously been applied to biliverdins. The 500 MHz 1HNMR spectrum of the ZZE configurated chromopeptides confirmed that its chromophore has the 15 E configuration. Irradiation yielded the ZZZ configurated isomer for which the 1H NMR spectrum was also recorded. Native phytochrome was irradiated at 660 nm to yield the maximum amount of the Pfr from (about 75% of total phytochrome). By digestion in the dark the previously described Pfr chromopeptide was obtained. The 500 MHz 1H NMR spectrum was compared with that of the ZZE phycocyanin peptide. It confirmed the 15 E con­figuration of the Pfr chromopeptide. Irradiation yielded the 15 Z configurated Pr chromopeptide. Comparison of the high resolution 1HNMR spectra of Pfr and Pr chromopeptides revealed that not only the chromophore resonances but also those of some amino acids are changed by the Pfr → Pr chromopeptide phototransformation. The results are discussed in terms of chromophore amino acid interaction.

scholarly journals Comparative Metabolomics of Early Development of the Parasitic Plants Phelipanche aegyptiaca and Triphysaria versicolor

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Clermont ◽  
Yaxin Wang ◽  
Siming Liu ◽  
Zhenzhen Yang ◽  
Claude dePamphilis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Parasitic Weeds ◽  
The Family ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comparative Metabolomics ◽  
15N Labeling ◽  
Aspartate Family

Parasitic weeds of the family Orobanchaceae attach to the roots of host plants via haustoria capable of drawing nutrients from host vascular tissue. The connection of the haustorium to the host marks a shift in parasite metabolism from autotrophy to at least partial heterotrophy, depending on the level of parasite dependence. Species within the family Orobanchaceae span the spectrum of host nutrient dependency, yet the diversity of parasitic plant metabolism remains poorly understood, particularly during the key metabolic shift surrounding haustorial attachment. Comparative profiling of major metabolites in the obligate holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca and the facultative hemiparasite Triphysaria versicolor before and after attachment to the hosts revealed several metabolic shifts implicating remodeling of energy and amino acid metabolism. After attachment, both parasites showed metabolite profiles that were different from their respective hosts. In P. aegyptiaca, prominent changes in metabolite profiles were also associated with transitioning between different tissue types before and after attachment, with aspartate levels increasing significantly after the attachment. Based on the results from 15N labeling experiments, asparagine and/or aspartate-rich proteins were enriched in host-derived nitrogen in T. versicolor. These results point to the importance of aspartate and/or asparagine in the early stages of attachment in these plant parasites and provide a rationale for targeting aspartate-family amino acid biosynthesis for disrupting the growth of parasitic weeds.

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