scholarly journals Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy by Ameliorating Excessive Fibrosis and Podocyte Apoptosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyu Xu ◽  
Zonghao Tang ◽  
Youwu He ◽  
Shufang Cai ◽  
Beini Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Renal Fibrosis ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Pathological Mechanism ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Vegf Level

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common diabetes associated complication. Thus, it is important to understand the pathological mechanism of DN and find the appropriate therapeutic strategy for it. Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide (DL-NBP) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and been widely used for the treatment of stroke and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we selected three different doses (20, 60, and 120 mg⋅kg−1 d−1) of DL-NBP and attempted to elucidate its role and molecular mechanism underlying DN. We found that DL-NBP, especially at the dose of 60 or 120 mg⋅kg−1 d−1, could significantly ameliorate diabetes-induced elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine level, and alleviate renal fibrosis. Additionally, the elevated expressions of collagen and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the kidney from db/db mice were found to be significantly suppressed after DL-NBP treatment. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that DL-NBP inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, thereby ameliorating the development of renal fibrosis. Moreover, we found that DL-NBP could not only reduce the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), but also suppress activation of the renin-angiotensin system to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level, which subsequently reduces the podocyte apoptosis in kidney of db/db mice. In a word, our findings suggest that DL-NBP may be a potential therapeutic drug in the treatment of DN.

scholarly journals Comparison of Intraocular Cytokine Levels of Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Different Retinopathies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyi Liu ◽  
Shian Zhang ◽  
Xinyi Deng ◽  
Yijing Chen ◽  
Lijun Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Chemotactic Protein ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Inducible Protein ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vegf Level

Purpose: To investigate and compare the aqueous concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other inflammatory cytokines in various choroidal neovascularization (CNV) diseases and types.Methods: This observational study included 127 naive eyes with CNV and 43 control eyes with cataracts. Aqueous humor (AH) samples were obtained prior to intravitreal anti-VEGF injection or cataract surgery. Multiple inflammatory cytokines, including VEGF, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) levels, were measured using a multiplex bead assay. The angiogenesis index was defined as the ratio of IP-10 to MCP-1. In addition, the relationship among AH cytokine levels, central macular thickness (CMT), and CNV size on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was evaluated.Results: Except in the myopic CNV group (P = 0.452), the AH concentration of VEGF was significantly higher in all other CNV groups than in the control group (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). IL-8, IL-10, IP-10, and MCP-1 levels (P < 0.05 for all groups) were significantly higher in all CNV diseases except those with neovascular central serous chorioretinopathy. The angiogenesis index was significantly higher in all CNV diseases (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). The VEGF level may be associated with the size of the CNV on OCTA (p = 0.043).Conclusions: The level of intraocular inflammatory cytokines varied among different CNV diseases and CNV types. Therefore, the angiogenesis index may be a more sensitive indicator of angiogenesis.

scholarly journals Mid-luteal angiogenesis and function in the primate is dependent on vascular endothelial growth factor

2001 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
SE Dickson ◽  
R Bicknell ◽  
HM Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for the angiogenesis required for the formation of the corpus luteum; however, its role in ongoing luteal angiogenesis and in the maintenance of the established vascular network is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether VEGF inhibition could intervene in ongoing luteal angiogenesis using immunoneutralisation of VEGF starting in the mid-luteal phase. In addition, the effects on endothelial cell survival and the recruitment of periendothelial support cells were examined. Treatment with a monoclonal antibody to VEGF, or mouse gamma globulin for control animals, commenced on day 7 after ovulation and continued for 3 days. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), used to label proliferating cells to obtain a proliferation index, was administered one hour before collecting ovaries from control and treated animals. Ovarian sections were stained using antibodies to BrdU, the endothelial cell marker, CD31, the pericyte marker, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and 3' end DNA fragments as a marker for apoptosis. VEGF immunoneutralisation significantly suppressed endothelial cell proliferation and the area occupied by endothelial cells while increasing pericyte coverage and the incidence of endothelial cell apoptosis. Luteal function was markedly compromised by anti-VEGF treatment as judged by a 50% reduction in plasma progesterone concentration. It is concluded that ongoing angiogenesis in the mid-luteal phase is primarily driven by VEGF, and that a proportion of endothelial cells of the mid-luteal phase vasculature are dependent on VEGF support.

scholarly journals Herniation of the tuft with outgrowth of vessels through the glomerular entrance in diabetic nephropathy damages the juxtaglomerular apparatus

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. F399-F410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Löwen ◽  
Elisabeth Gröne ◽  
Hermann-Josef Gröne ◽  
Wilhelm Kriz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ◽  
Tubuloglomerular Feedback ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Matrix Expansion ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Aberrant Vessels

As shown in our previous paper (Kriz W, Löwen J, Federico G, van den Born J, Gröne E, Gröne HJ. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 312: F1101–F1111, 2017), mesangial matrix expansion in diabetic nephropathy (DN) results for a major part from the accumulation of worn-out undegraded glomerular basement membrane material. Here, based on the reevaluation of >900 biopsies of DN, we show that this process continues with the progression of the disease finally leading to the herniation of the matrix-overloaded tuft through the glomerular entrance to the outside. This leads to severe changes in the glomerular surroundings, including a dissociation of the juxtaglomerular apparatus with displacement of the macula densa. The herniation is associated with a prominent outgrowth of glomerular vessels from the tuft. Mostly, these aberrant vessels are an abnormal type of arteriole with frequent intramural insudations of plasma. They spread into glomerular surroundings extending in intertubular and periglomerular spaces. Their formation is associated with elevated mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A, angiopoietins 1 and 2, and the corresponding receptors. Functionally, these processes seem to compromise tubuloglomerular feedback-related functions and may be one factor why Na+-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are not effective in advanced stages of DN.

scholarly journals Angelica dahurica and Rheum officinale Facilitated Diabetic Wound Healing by Elevating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Yuh-Huey Chao ◽  
Wan-Ting Yang ◽  
Ming-Chang Li ◽  
Fwu-Lin Yang ◽  
Ru-Ping Lee
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Angelica Dahurica ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Diabetic Wounds ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides alternative treatment choices for diabetic wounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Angelica dahurica and Rheum officinale (ARE) on diabetic wounds and its underlying action mechanism. A total of 36 healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: diabetes mellitus (DM) rats treated with ARE (DM-ARE), DM rats treated with 0.9% saline (DM-NS), and non-DM rats treated with 0.9% saline (NDM-NS). DM was induced by intraperitoneal administration of 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin after a 2-week high-fat diet feeding. After excisional skin wounds and treatments, the remaining wound area (RWA) in each group was measured. The RWA in the DM-NS group (69.60% ± 2.35%) was greater than that in the DM-ARE (55.70% ± 1.85%) and NDM-NS groups (52.50% ± 2.77%) on day 6. Besides, the DM-ARE group showed higher vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), higher inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs), higher [Formula: see text]-smooth muscle actin ([Formula: see text]-SMA), and lower nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-[Formula: see text]B) expression in the wound skin tissue. These results showed that treatment with ARE shifted the recovery pattern of diabetic rats to the pattern of nondiabetic rats, indicating that ARE may improve wound healing in diabetic conditions.

scholarly journals VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR IN CHILDREN WITH THALASSEMIA MAJOR PDF

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e2013044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Samir Fahmey ◽  
Hassan Naguib ◽  
Sanna Abdelshafy ◽  
Rasha Alashry
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Vegf Level

Background: The β-Thalassemia syndromes are the most common hereditary chronic hemolytic anemia due to impaired globin chain synthesis.  Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays several roles in angiogenesis which is a crucial process in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory, autoimmune and malignant diseases .Endothelial damage and inflammation make a significant contribution to the pathophysiology of β-thalassemia. Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess serum VEGF level in children with beta-thalassemia major as a marker of angiogenesis. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 40 patients with thalassemia major and 10 healthy controls and assayed for VEGF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: VEGF level was significantly higher in patients with β-Thalassemia major than healthy controls (p=0.001).In addition, VEGF level was higher in splenectomised thalassemic patients than non splenectomised ones (p=0.001) .However, there were a positive correlation between VEGF and chelation starting age (p=0.008) and a negative correlation between VEGF and frequency of blood transfusion (p=0.002). Conclusion: thalassemia patients, especially splenectomized, have elevated serum levels of VEGF. Early chelation and regular blood transfusion help to decrease serum VEGF and the risk of angiogenesis.  

scholarly journals Short Communication: Interaction of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Healthy Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Groh ◽  
Kirsten Jahn ◽  
Michael Gröschl ◽  
Thomas Hillemacher ◽  
Johannes Kornhuber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Psychiatric Diseases ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Vegf Level

NGF and VEGF are known to be involved in different psychiatric diseases. In order to verify hints from basic research that both neurotrophines interact with each other, serum levels of NGF and VEGF were measured in a cohort of 33 healthy individuals and correlated. NGF level was 126.30 pg/mL (±155.43), and VEGF level was 57.28 pg/mL (±44.48). Both factors were significantly correlated, confirming their interaction and legitimising the usage of their respective ratio (0.8 (±0.42)) as a less varying additional marker in prospective studies.

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