scholarly journals How Has the COVID-19 Crisis Affected the Academic Stress of University Students? The Role of Teachers and Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús de la Fuente ◽  
Mónica Pachón-Basallo ◽  
Flavia H. Santos ◽  
Francisco J. Peralta-Sánchez ◽  
María Carmen González-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Academic Year

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have required substantial adjustments in terms of university teaching–learning processes. The aim of this study was to verify whether there were significant differences between the academic year of 2020 and the two preceding years in factors and symptoms and stress. A total of 642 university students (ages 18–25 years) participated by filling out validated self-reports during the months from March to August 2020. Using an ex post facto design, SEM analyses and simple and multiple ANOVAs were performed. Structural results showed that stress factors from the teaching process had a predictive value for the learning process, emotions, and academic burnout, and being a man was a factor predicting negative emotion. In a similar way, inferential results revealed no significant effect of academic year but did show an effect of gender on stress experiences during the pandemic. Aside from certain specific aspects, there was no significant global effect of the year 2020 on factors and symptoms of stress. The results showed that studying in the year of the COVID-19 outbreak did not have a significant effect on stress triggered by the teaching process. From these results, we draw implications for specific guidance interventions with university teachers and students.

scholarly journals We have efficacy but lack infrastructure: teachers’ views on online teaching learning during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Kundu ◽  
Tripti Bej
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Teaching Learning

Purpose The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic led education institutions to move all face-to-face (F2F) courses online. The situation is unique in that teachers and students can make a direct comparison of their courses before (F2F) and after COVID-19 (online). This study aims to analyze teachers’ viewpoints for this unprecedented change. Design/methodology/approach The study followed a mixed-method approach within an ex post facto survey research design. Research tools were distributed among 200 Indian secondary school teachers following a heterogeneous purposive sampling technique. As the study was conducted during the pandemic backdrop researchers used Google forms and telephonic interviews to collect data. Findings Teachers viewed positively to this shift from F2F to online teaching-learning (OTL). They were found to have an overall moderate level of online teaching efficacy and where good efficacy prevails there found minimal concern for infrastructure, an attitude showing least concern for “what is not” and more concerned with “what they can do with what is having.” A statistically significant effect of teacher efficacy was found on their perception of OTL infrastructure that supports this strong conviction among few teachers. Statistical analysis revealed for every 1 standard unit increase in self-efficacy, the perceived OTL infrastructure was to be increased by 0.997 standard units which support the strong correlation between the two chosen cognitive variables (r = 0.8). Besides, teachers were not found as a homogeneous group concerning their reported readiness for online teaching yet, different subgroups of teachers exist which may require different approaches for support and counseling. Originality/value The paper reports an original empirical survey conducted in India and the write-up is based strictly on the survey findings only. An exclusive analysis of teachers’ views of their efficacy and perceived OTL infrastructure. At the same time, path-breaking in analyzing the chemistry between the two variables which will help improving apposite culture, practice and understanding of the digital pedagogy securing quality OTL in the long run.

scholarly journals TEACHERS’ SELF-EFFICACY: EFFECTIVE INDICATOR TOWARDS STUDENTS’ SUCCESS IN MEDIUM OF EDUCATION PERSPECTIVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-679
Author(s):  
Mehboob Ul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Achievement Scores ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Students Success

School is a subculture of any society having different educational diversity. This diversity affects on teachers and students achievements; pillars of teaching learning process. Teachers have great concerns towards students’ success. They deliver plethora of information to improve students’ achievements. Present quantitative ex-post-facto research was framed to explore the effect of teachers’ self-efficacy on students’ achievement scores applying multilingual instructions for students’ success on sample of randomly selected 1100 male respondents; 300 secondary school teachers and 800 students of District Kasur, of Lahore Division. Data from teachers were collected by administering long form of Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Scale whereas students’ achievement scores were obtained from annual gazette notification of Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Lahore. Cronbach’s Alpha Score was applied to confirm instrument’s reliability .851. Normality of the data were confirmed by calculating Shapiro-Wilk’s test. Findings of regression analysis depict that overall teachers’ self-efficacy has affected 65 % whereas students’ engagement 59 %, educational strategies 60 %, classroom management 59 % and teachers’ medium of education has affected 30 % on students’ achievement scores. Present research recommends that Government structure teachers’ self-efficacious believes through providing training, conducting workshops before joining teaching professions and ensuring certificates; once teachers’ confidence structure, less possible to alter to obtained desired achievements during teaching learning process. Furthermore, it is dire need to implement single medium of instructions; English / Urdu in public sector secondary schools of Punjab as bilingual medium of education have been remaining one of the barrier that lead students towards poor achievements. Keywords: achievement scores, classroom management, instructional strategies, education medium, secondary level, self-efficacy, students’ engagement.

scholarly journals Use of Kahoot media and variations of questions on learning achievement with motivation as moderation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Bila Anggraini ◽  
Nurdin Nurdin ◽  
Pujiati Pujiati
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Verification Method ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Academic Year

This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of the use of Kahoot and the variation of questions on learning achievement with motivation as a moderator. The populations were the tenth-grade students of social sciences at SMA Negeri 1 Sumberejo in the 2019/2020 academic year, with a sample of 81 students determined using a Cochran formula. The study adopted a descriptive verification method with ex-post facto and survey approaches. The collected data were analysed using a linear regression test with path analysis. The results indicate that there is an influence of the use of Kahoot media, the variation of questions, and learning motivation on the economic learning achievement among the tenth-grade students of social sciences at SMA Negeri 1 Sumberejo in the academic year of 2019/2020.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEDISIPLINAN SISWA, MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN GAYA BELAJAR DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP SE-KECAMATAN PIYUNGAN TAHUN AJARAN 2013/2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Erna Galuh Septyani
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
High Category ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
Motivation And Learning ◽  
Academic Year

The purposes of this research were (1) descriptively that to find out considers discipline of students, learning motivation, and  learning method (2) correlationally which was to know relationship among discipline of students, learning motivation, and learning method with students mathematic achievement to eight grade student’s of Junior High School in Piyungan district on 2013/2014 academic year. This research is ex post facto. The population of this research was all students of class VIII in Piyungan district on 2013/2014 academic year with sample size was 112 students. The sampling technique use was cluster random sampling. The techniques of collecting data use questionnaire and test. The techniques of analyzing data applied were regression and correlation analysis. Before that, the testing of precondition analysis used which normality, linearity, multicolinierity analyses. The result of research shows descriptively it considers discipline of students in very high category, considers learning motivation in high category, considers learning method in high category, considers students mathematic achievement in high category. While correlatively that there were positive relationship and significant among discipline of students, learning motivation, learning method with students mathematic achievement with grouply or separately

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA BIMBINGAN KARIR DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR KEWIRAUSAHAAN DENGAN MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA PADA SISWA KELAS XI PROGRAM KEAHLIAN TEKNIK KENDARAAN RINGAN DI SMK AL MUNAWWARAH KESUGIHAN CILACAP TAHUN PELAJARAN 2014/2015

TAMAN VOKASI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djati Winarko ◽  
Setuju Setuju
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Total Contribution ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Collecting Methods ◽  
Academic Year

This study aimed to know (1) correlation between carrier guidance with interest in entrepreneurship; (2) correlation between learning achievement with interest in entrepreneurship; and (3) correlation between carrier guidance and learning achievement with interest in entrepreneurship among the eleventh grade students of TKR at SMK Al Munawwarah Kesugihan Cilacap in the academic year 2014/2015. This study was ex-post facto research. Data collecting methods were questionnaires and documentation. Data analyzing methods used descriptive analysis, first and second hypothesis testing used partial correlation and third hypothesis testing used double regression with two predictors. This study shows that (1) there was a positive and significant correlation between carrier guidance with interest in entrepreneurship with the score of significance under 5%; (2) there was a positive and significant between learning achievement with interest in entrepreneurship with the score of significance under 5%; and (3) there was a positive and significant between carrier guidance and learning achievement with interest in entrepreneurship with the score of significance under 5% among the eleventh grade students of TKR at SMK Al Munawwarah Kesugihan Cilacap in the academic year 2014/2015. The score of determinant coefficient (R2)   was 59.9%. It means that carrier guidance and learning achievement gave positive contribution 59.9% toward the students’ interest in entrepreneurship, while 40.1% was influenced by other factors that were not discussed in this study. The carrier guidance gave contribution 13.2% toward interest in entrepreneurship and learning achievement gave contribution 26.7% toward with interest in entrepreneurship with the total contribution 59.9%. 

scholarly journals To Establish the Effects of Principals’ Support to Teachers Through Mathematics Seminars/Workshop on Student’ Performance in Mathematics in Kcse Examination in Meru County, Kenya.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 145-163
Author(s):  
Honjen Thiharu Maingi Kirikua ◽  
Dr Paul Maithya ◽  
Dr Alexander Ronoh
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Proportional Allocation ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Student’S Performance

Performance in Mathematics in Meru County, Kenya from 2012 to 2016 has consistently been deteriorating. The purpose of this study was an evaluation of how the administrative strategies designed by the principals affected students’ performance in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) in Meru County. Objectives that directed the study were to evaluate the various attributes on student performance in KCSE examination in Meru County. The objective was to evaluate principal’s support to teachers through Mathematics seminars/workshops and student’s performance in Mathematics. This study used ex post facto design. The research instrument was Mathematics teachers’ questionnaire, KCSE document analysis for five years in Meru County and Principal’s interview guide. The target population was 299 principals and 836 Mathematics teachers in the County. This study used stratified random sampling with proportional allocation. The sample size was 30% of the total target population translating to 92 principals and 251 Mathematics teachers. Validity was ensured by piloting the instrument. Reliability was ensured by using split half technique. The findings revealed that principals were not sponsoring Mathematics teachers to attend workshops and seminars.. The principals cited a lack of resources and budgetary allocation to the low number of Mathematics teachers attending seminars and workshops. The findings of the study were expected to be useful to the Ministry of Education, teachers and students as well as other stakeholders in the education sector.

scholarly journals Applying Board Race Game to Increase Students’ Vocabulary Mastery in Uttayan Suksa Krabi School, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Risa Octaviani ◽  
Ika Handayani ◽  
Welliam Hamer
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Alternative Media ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Academic Year

The aim of this research was to know the increase of students’ vocabulary mastery by using board race game for fifth grade students of Uttayan Suksa Krabi School, Thailand in the academic year 2018/2019. The method used in this research was collaborative classroom action research. The researchers conducted this research from December 2018 until March 2019 in Uttayan Suksa Krabi School, Thailand. In collecting the data, the researchers used observation, test, and documentation. The tests were given in pre-test, post-test 1 and post- test 2. The researchers analyzed the average score of each test to find out the increase of students’ vocabulary mastery after the action was conducted. After the researchers have conducted the action, the students’ vocabulary mastery has increased optimally. It could be seen from the score of pre-test that showed 55.3, post-test 1 was 68.6, and post-test 2 was 85.6. After applying the action, the researchers were able to solve the problem in increasing students’ vocabulary mastery. The students were able to pronounce, memorize and understand the words based on the context. By using Board Race game in teaching vocabulary, the students could easily understand and memorize the spelling of the new vocabulary. In the teaching process, when the researcher as teacher used game, the students were enthusiastic and enjoyed during teaching learning process. It can be concluded that board race game can increase students’ vocabulary mastery. It is suggested to use board race game as the alternative media in teaching learning English.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL, KEDISIPLINAN BELAJAR DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI IPA SMA DI KECAMATAN TERNATE TENGAH

2018 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Herawati HM ◽  
Sudding . ◽  
Muhammad Syahrir
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
High Category ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto yang bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan seberapa besar hubungan kecerdasan emoisonal, kedisiplinan belajar dan motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA di Kecamatan Ternate Tengah tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Total populasi penelitian sebanyak 322 peserta didik dengan ukuran sampel sebanyak 181 peserta didik. Teknik penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan disproportionate stratified cluster random sampling. Pengambilan data penelitian menggunakan instrumen berupa angket dan tes. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Software SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sebagian besar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA di  Kecamatan Ternate Tengah memiliki kecerdasan emosional dan kedisiplinan belajar pada kategori sangat tinggi, motivasi belajar berada pada kategori tinggi dan sangat tinggi, sedangkan hasil belajar berada pada kategori sangat rendah, (2) kecerdasan emosional, kedisiplinan belajar, dan motivasi belajar masing–masing  memiliki hubungan positif dengan hasil belajar peserta didik, (3) terdapat hubungan postif antara kecerdasan emosional dan kedisiplinan belajar dengan hasil belajar peserta didik, kecerdasan emosional dan motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar peserta didik, serta kedisiplinan belajar dan motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar peserta didik, dan (4) terdapat hubungan linear antara kecerdasan emosional, kedisiplinan belajar dan motivasi belajar secara bersama–sama dengan hasil belajar peserta didik.Kata Kunci: kecerdasan emosional, kedisiplinan belajar, motivasi belajar, hasil belajar.ABSTRACTThe study is ex-post factor which aims at discovering the extent of correlation of emotional intelligence, learning discipline, and learning motivation on learning result of Grade XI IPA students at SMA (senior high school) in Ternate Tengah subsdistrict of academic year 2017/2018. The total population was 322 students with 181 samples. Samples were obtained by employing disproportionate stratified cluster random sampling. Data were obtained by employing instruments of questionnaire and test. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software. The result of the study reveal that (1) most of the students of grade XI IPA at SMA in Ternate Tengah subdistrict had emotional intelligence and learning discipline in very high category, learning motivation in high and very high category; whereas, the learning result is in very low category, (2) the emotional intelligence, learning discipline, and learning motivation each had positive correlation with students learning result, (3) there is positive correlation between emotional intelligence and learning discipline; emotional intelligence and learning motivation on learning result; and learning discipline and learning motivation on learning result, (4) there is linear correlation between emotional intelligence, learning discipline, and learning motivation collaboratively on syudents learning result. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Learning Discipline, Learning Motivation, Learning Achievement.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS BY THE FIRST SEMESTER STUDENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Sulistyo Adi Joko Saharjo ◽  
Ni Nyoman Nidya Trianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Eighth Grade ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Eighth Grade Students ◽  
Academic Year

The present study dealt with An Analysis of Grammatical Errors bythe eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Kuta Utara in academic year 2016/ 2017. The researcher interested in analyzing kinds of errors because the errors were made by students should be corrected so not to become fossilized. The total amount of population which consisted of 12 classes were 384 students all together. The amount of population was determined by using quota random sampling technique. The number of representative students which used as subjet under study was 40 students. The present study which made use of an ex-post facto research design was intended to answer the following research questions: what kind of grammatical errors which is made by the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Kuta Utara in academic year 2016/ 2017 in constructing direct and indirect speech. The data required for the study were collected by using grammatical transformation tasks. In the grammatical transformation tasks, the students were asked to change direct speech to indirect speech or vice versa by the correct grammatical forms in the sentences. The result revealed that there were 303 errors made by the students. From the total number of students’ errors, the researcher found that there were four types of errors. There were 43(14,19%)of omission error, there were 29(9,57%)of addition errors, there were 58(19,14%)of malformation errors, and there were 173(57,09%)of disordering errors. The finding of present study was many students who weredifficultto answerdirect and indirect speech. They lacked of knowledge and inability in mastering English grammar so many mistakes were made by them.

scholarly journals Hubungan Motivasi Berprestasi dan Minat Berorganisasi Terhadap Indeks Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa Pada Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Informatika

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Ni Made Krisnamurti Udayani . ◽  
Dr. Ketut Agustini, S.Si, M.Si. . ◽  
Dr. Dewa Gede Hendra Divayana, S.Kom., M .
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Linearity Test ◽  
Academic Year

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi berprestasi dan minat berorganisasi terhadap indeks prestasi belajar mahasiswa pada Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Informatika tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Ex Post Facto dengan teknik korelasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Informatika, subyek yang diteliti adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2014 dan 2015 semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2016/2017 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 125 mahasiswa. Variabel yang diteliti adalah dua variabel bebas yaitu motivasi berprestasi dan minat berorganisasi, serta satu variabel terikat yaitu indeks prestasi belajar. Data motivasi berprestasi dan minat berorganisasi diperoleh melalui penyebaran angket, sedangkan untuk variabel indeks prestasi belajar diperoleh dari kartu hasil studi (KHS) dari masing-masing mahasiswa serta untuk mendapatkan penjelasan mengenai hubungan yang diberikan antar variabel penelitian dilakukan analisa dengan teknik korelasi dan regresi dengan terlebih dahulu melakukan uji prasyarat analisis yaitu uji normalitas, uji linieritas, uji multikolinieritas, dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Terdapat hubungan yang positif antara Motivasi Berprestasi terhadap Indeks Prestasi Belajar mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Informatika Undiksha, dengan koefisien korelasi R sebesar 0,463 dan nilai probabilitas 0.000 dengan kata lain bahwa semakin tinggi skor motivasi berprestasi maka semakin tinggi pula hubungan terhadap indeks prestasi belajar. Terdapat hubungan yang positif antara Minat Berorganisasi terhadap Indeks Prestasi Belajar mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Informatika Undiksha, dengan koefisien korelasi R sebesar 0,180 dan nilai probabilitas 0.000 dengan kata lain semakin tinggi skor minat berorganisasi maka semakin tinggi pula hubungan terhadap indeks prestasi belajar, dan terdapat hubungan yang positif antara Motivasi Berprestasi dan Minat Berorganisasi secara bersama-sama terhadap Indeks Prestasi Belajar mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Informatika Undiksha, dengan koefisien korelasi R sebesar 0,540 dan nilai probabilitas 0.000 dengan kata lain bahwa jika variabel motivasi berprestasi (X1) dan minat berorganisasi (X2) meningkat secara bersama-sama maka akan diikuti dengan meningkatnya variabel indeks prestasi belajar (Y) mahasiswa pada Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Informatika .Kata Kunci : Motivasi Berprestasi, Minat Berorganisasi, Indeks Prestasi Belajar This study aims to determine the correlation between achievement motivation and organizational interest trough grade point average of students in pendidikan teknik informatika academic year 2016/2017. This research is Ex Post Facto research with correlation technique. This research was conducted in the Department of Informatics Engineering, the subjects studied were the students of class of 2014 and 2015 odd semester of the academic year 2016/2017 with the number of samples of 125 students. The variables studied are two independent variables, namely achievement motivation and organizational interest, and one dependent variable is the learning achievement index. The data of achievement motivation and organizational interest were obtained through questionnaire, while for the variable of learning achievement index was obtained from the study result card (KHS) from each student and to get explanation about the relationship given between the variables of the study was done by correlation and regression analysis Used to perform prerequisite analysis test ie normality test, linearity test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between Achievement Motivation on Student Achievement Index of Education Department of Informatics Engineering Undiksha, with R correlation coefficient of 0,463 and probability value 0.000 in other words that the higher score achievement motivation hence the higher also relation to index of learning achievement. There is a positive relationship between the Interest of Organizing to the Student Achievement Index of Undiksha Informatics Engineering Department, with R correlation coefficient of 0,180 and the probability value 0.000. In other words, the higher the score of organizational interest, the higher the relation to the index of learning achievement, Positive relationship between Achievement Motivation and Interests Organize together to the Student Achievement Index of Undiksha Informatics Engineering Department, with R correlation coefficient of 0,540 and probability value 0.000 in other words that if the achievement motivation variable (X1) and organizational interest (X2) increases Together it will be followed by the increase of student achievement index variable (Y) students in the Department of Informatics Engineering Education.keyword : Achievement Motivation, interest Organize, Learning Achievement Index

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document