scholarly journals Swedish Sport Policy in an Era of Neoliberalism: An Expression of Social Entrepreneurship?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bjärsholm ◽  
Johan R. Norberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sport Policy ◽  
Entrepreneurship Theory ◽  
The Government ◽  
Societal Problems

Since the turn of the millennium, Sweden has, like many other countries, become more neoliberal in many areas, including that of sport. The government has increased its expectations on the sports movement and become more result-oriented, which, for example, its revised motives for supporting the sports movement and the establishment of an audit organization can illustrate. However, in contrast to other countries, the Swedish government has not introduced any financial cutbacks in its support for sports. Rather, the opposite is true. The financial support has increased significantly over the last two decades. In the paper, we argue that this contradictory development of Swedish sport policy can be understood as expressions of neoliberalism and social entrepreneurship. As a theoretical concept, social entrepreneurship offers a way of understanding the increased Swedish government support for sport. There are in particular two underlying reasons for this claim. Firstly, sport is considered as a solution to various societal problems, such as social exclusion and refugee crises. Secondly, much of the increased support has been in form of various large-scale, earmarked, and time-limited political initiatives/reforms and project grants, which all have aimed to achieve social change through sport, such as social inclusion. In the paper, we consider these initiatives as expressions of social entrepreneurship. This paper contributes to the ongoing scholarly debate on how neoliberalism and neoliberal policies in the public sector have affected sport organizations. Also, by using social entrepreneurship theory, we provide new theoretical insights into how sport policy can be understood and analyzed.

scholarly journals A theoretical analysis of social entrepreneurship: The case of Poland and South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Natanya Meyer ◽  
Włodzimierz Sroka
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Barriers And Challenges

As global trends are moving more towards social inclusion and green entrepreneurship many countries are changing the way they do business. This has sparked an interest in social entrepreneurship. Although much research has been conducted on this issue, fewer country comparisons are available and these could lead to an improved understanding of the topic. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide a theoretical analysis of social entrepreneurship comparing Poland and South Africa specifically focusing on the history, challenges, policy, and government support initiatives. The study followed a qualitative approach using document analysis by way of an intensive literature study. Findings indicated that social entrepreneurship is a global phenomenon and although it is of imperative importance as a means to improved social conditions, several barriers and challenges are prevalent. As with traditional for-profit businesses, social enterprises’ main barrier is access to finance.

Transplant Policy in the Netherlands

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank de Charro ◽  
H. David Banta
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Small Country ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Societal Problems

The Netherlands is a small country of about 15 million inhabitants. With 400 inhabitants per square kilometer, it is one of the most densely populated areas of the world (19). Here, government is not seen as negative, but as a tool to solve societal problems. Ordinarily, the public and private sectors work cooperatively together, but the government will step in when needed. (19, 20).

The Political Economy of Privatisation

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Rowthorn ◽  
Ha-Joon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Government

This paper examines some of the main arguments relating to the effect of privatisation on efficiency. It is concerned with both narrow economic issues and wider political issues. After a critical examination of some theories, which assert that private ownership is intrinsically more efficient than public ownership, it is argued that for large scale enterprise there are no strong economic reasons for believing in the superiority of private enterprise. As long as the government in question has the will and the power to make a public enterprise function in a socially efficient fashion, the public enterprise may be just as efficient as private enterprise whilst offering additional economic and social advantages.

Funding of contraceptive research

1976 ◽  
Vol 195 (1118) ◽  
pp. 37-55 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Fertility Control ◽  
Government Support ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
The Government ◽  
Improved Methods

This paper presents data on financial support of the reproductive sciences and contraceptive development assembled in the course of a two-year review of research funding by an international group of scientists and scientific administrators. Until the mid-1960s, research in reproduction was supported primarily by university budgets, philanthropic funds, and pharmaceutical firms. This research received only an insignificant share of the government support of biomedical research which grew rapidly following World War II. Establishment in the U. S. of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1963 ushered in a decade of rapid growth of government funding for the field. Expressed in terms of constant dollars (1970 = 100), total world support from all sources reached a peak of $100 million in 1972 and 1973 and declined in 1974 and 1975. Over the past decade, governments have become the major source of support for the field, as the proportion contributed by private foundations and pharmaceutical firms has declined. While the major impetus for recent support of the reproductive sciences has stemmed from concern with world population growth, and hence is part of an effort to find improved methods of fertility control, fundamental research has received nearly 60% of the funding throughout the past decade while applied contraceptive research has received about 30 %. As pharmaceutical firm expenditures have become a smaller proportion of the total funds involved in contraceptive development, they have been supplemented by missionoriented programmes in the public sector devoted to this effort.

scholarly journals Analisa dan Perancangan Penjualan Gerabah Berbasis Web Sebagai Sentra Kerajinan Kabupaten Jepara

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Diana Laily Fithri ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Marketing Area ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Methods

Pottery craft in Jepara district precisely in Mayong area is a small-medium handicraft industry that has not received the government support in pebuh also do not have wide marketing area, because the average still use conventional system that only rely on the buyer come home to make a purchase and ordering the pottery. The results of pottery crafts include pitchers, plates, flower pots, etc. With the lack of sales promotion of pottery, then made gerabah-based sales system using waterfall-based and website-based development methods that can be accessed by the public at large, whose goal will be to increase revenue turnover for the craft.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) toward the New Normal Era during COVID-19 Outbreak: a Mini Policy Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Andriani, S.Si, Apt, M.Sc, Ph.D
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Better Regulation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The government of Indonesia has not used lockdown or quarantine as an option to tackle the spread of Coronavirus, as the impact of lockdown on small communities in the informal sector that lives from daily income will be severe. Alternatively, the government is enforcing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar or "PSBB") to respond to the state of emergency in public health. Starting in June 2020, the government has implemented transitional PSBB in some red zone areas, including the capital Jakarta and East Java province, despite the surge in case numbers. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of the PSBB policy applied in Indonesia during the COVID-19 outbreak and the readiness to embrace the new normal, between April and June 2020, based on rapid literature analysis in a search on Medline(-Pubmed), government speeches and reports, social and mass media platforms. Implementation of PSBB is a preventive measure to combat Coronavirus’ spread in some Indonesian areas. Indonesia should not be in a “new normal” situation. The transitional PSBB phase serves as an early chapter of a new normal that would apply only to strategic sectors with manageable risks combined with better regulation and compliance by the public. Abstrak. Pemerintah Indonesia tidak menggunakan lockdown atau karantina sebagai opsi untuk mengatasi penyebaran Coronavirus, karena dampak lockdown pada komunitas kecil di sektor informal yang hidup dari pendapatan harian akan memburuk. Pemerintah menegakkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) sebagai respons terhadap keadaan darurat dalam kesehatan masyarakat. Sejak bulan Juni 2020, pemerintah telah menerapkan transisi PSBB di beberapa daerah zona merah, termasuk di provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Timur, meskipun ada peningkatan jumlah kasus. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki efektivitas kebijakan PSBB yang diterapkan di Indonesia selama wabah COVID-19 dan kesiapan untuk memasuki Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru (AKB), antara bulan April dan Juni 2020, berdasarkan analisis literatur cepat dalam pencarian Medline (-Pubmed), pidato dan laporan pemerintah, platform media sosial dan media massa. Implementasi PSBB adalah langkah pencegahan untuk memerangi penyebaran Coronavirus di beberapa wilayah Indonesia. Indonesia seharusnya tidak berada dalam situasi AKB. Fase PSBB transisi berfungsi sebagai bab awal dari AKB yang hanya akan berlaku pada sektor strategis dengan risiko yang dapat dikelola bersamaan dengan regulasi dan kepatuhan public yang lebih baik.

scholarly journals Social Exclusion/Inclusion in the Context of Hungarian Sport

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyöngyi Földesi
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Sport Policy ◽  
International Trends ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Social Exclusion/Inclusion in the Context of Hungarian SportSimilar to international trends, this investigation of social exclusion/inclusion from sport was preceded by studying the impact of poverty on sport participation in Hungary. Research was made on inequality of chances and on the disadvantaged position of the lower classes in sport, even in state socialism. Following the transformation of the political regime in 1989-1990, there was a growing interest in exploring unequal social opportunities in sport, not only by marginal social groups, but also by the increasing number of lower middle class people dropping behind. However, Hungarian sport has never been studied in the context of social exclusion/inclusion. Theobjectiveof this paper is to approach sport in Hungary from these perspectives. Attempts are made to answer the following questions: in which fields of Hungarian sport can social exclusion be observed? How is social exclusion from sport linked to age, gender, dwelling place, socio-economic status and to the lack of cultural and social capital? How is the concept of social exclusion/inclusion understood by the actors in Hungarian sport? How can sport be used as a means to promote social inclusion for people marginalized by economic, social and cultural barriers? In order to answer the above questions, the followingmethodswere used: analyses of recent research findings on Hungarians' sport participation with a focus on deprivation; in-depth interviews with key persons (N= 15) in Hungarian sport with the aim to discover how the concept of social exclusion/inclusion is understood by them; and analyses of documents to explore which measures have been taken by sport policy to tackle social exclusion. Theresultsshow that exclusion from sport is widespread in Hungarian society. It is linked in a combined way to poverty, education, ethnicity, age, and settlements. It is established in early childhood and lasts the whole life cycle. Key excluded groups are in hopeless situations due to economic, social and cultural aspects, so they cannot overcome this problem alone. They receive assistance in several other areas, but they are left to their own resources in sport-related issues. Legally they should have access to sport, but they cannot claim their rights. The concept of combating social exclusion is generally not incorporated into the objectives and values of sport clubs and federations; it has not yet been an integral part of sport culture in Hungary. Government documents contain declarations in connection to tackling social exclusion, but very few actions are implemented to promote social inclusion. A majorconclusionof the paper is that a serious modification of sport policy does not mainly depend on the lack of financial recourses but on the lack of a strong determination of the Government. The involvement of the Hungarian population in sporting activity and the intention for their inclusion are much lower than it could be under the present economic circumstances.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Hukum Islam Pada Edaran Pemerintah dan MUI Dalam Menyikapi Wabah Covid-19 Setelah Pemberlakuan New Normal

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Cholisa Rosanti
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Government

This study discusses the Covid-19 virus that is spreading in the world and its handling from the government and MUI after the implementation of new normal according to Islamic law. The government implements a large-scale social restrictions system (PSBB) or social distancing to break the chain of the spread of the covid-19 virus. The government has implemented new normal rules. MUI has issued a notice numbered Kep-1188 / DP-MUI / V / 2020 concerning new normalcy that will be applied by the government such as reopening places of worshipaccording to the health protocol. Nevertheless, this circular is a pros and cons for some people. The purpose of this study is to help the public understand whether the government and MUI circulars in tackling the plague after applying the new normal according to the Shari'a or actually contrary to Islamic Sharia. The research method is the study of literature literature with a normative approach and historical approach. The results of the study showed that the rules imposed by the government and MUI in dealing with the outbreak of Covid-19 pacsa new normal did not disregard Islamic law.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Penetapan PSBB Dalam Menurunkan Perilaku Konsumtif Masyarakat Pada Masa Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fikri Haekal ◽  
Muhammad Supian ◽  
Winda Sabrina
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Public ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Consumptive Behavior ◽  
Buying In ◽  
Modern Retailers

The spread of virus covid-19 nowadays has influenced the behavior of people around the world, with Indonesians are no exceptions. Shortly after President Joko Widodo announced 1 or 2 patient positive with covid-19, the public is seen doing panic buying in a number of modern retailers. In some cases like buying large amount of hand sanitizer until it became rare on the market. The effect of covid-19 also caused the government to established Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policy in areas that going through high cases of covid-19 spreading with the aim of preventing chances of wider spread. However, whether the establishment of PSBB has an influence on consumptive behavior of people living in those areas?. To answer this problem, researchers conducted an experiment related to effectiveness of the establishment of PSBB policy to people in Banjarmasin. This city was chosen because it is one of the areas which the government adopted PSBB policy, making it easier for researchers to collecting necessary data in this study.   Keywords: covid-19, consumptive behavior, PSBB, Banjarmasin City   Abstrak Penyebaran virus covid-19 saat ini telah mempengaruhi perilaku masyarakat di dunia, tidak terkecuali masyarakat Indonesia. Tak lama setelah Presiden Joko Widodo mengumumkan 1 dan 2 pasien yang positif covid-19, masyarakat terlihat melakukan aksi panic buying di sejumlah ritel modern. Seperti dalam beberapa kasus ada yang membeli hand sanitizer dalam jumlah yang sangat banyak sehingga hand sanitizer menjadi sesuatu yang langka di pasaran. Pengaruh virus covid-19 ini juga menyebabkan pemerintah menetapkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) pada daerah-daerah yang mengalami kasus penyebaran covid-19 yang sedemikian rupa dengan tujuan mencegah kemungkinan penyebaran yang lebih luas. Namun, apakah penetapan PSBB tersebut memberikan pengaruh terhadap perilaku konsumtif masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah tersebut?. Untuk menjawab permasalahan ini, penulis melakukan penelitian eksperimen terkait efektivitas penetapan PSBB tersebut pada masyarakat kota Banjarmasin. Kota Banjarmasin dipilih karena merupakan salah satu daerah yang ditetapkannya PSBB oleh pemerintah. Sehingga memudahkan penulis dalam mengumpulkan data yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini. Kata kunci: covid-19, perilaku konsumtif, PSBB, kota Banjarmasin

scholarly journals Muerte y recuperación de empresas colombianas

2011 ◽  
pp. 163-299
Author(s):  
Alvaro Delgado Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
The Public ◽  
Union Leaders ◽  
Crisis Recovery ◽  
The Government ◽  
Industrial Crisis ◽  
Manufacturing History ◽  
Made In

Este texto sintetiza la indagación del autor en torno a la desaparición de empresas manufactureras colombianas y a algunos esfuerzos de rescate de las mismas, realizados por sus trabajadores, cuando los primeros efectos de la globalización empezaron a sentirse en muchos medios. Se trata de un intento en cierta manera pionero en Colombia, tal vez por lo mismo que el fenómeno paso notoriamente inadvertido por la opinión pública, debido tanto al amparo gubernamental de que gozaron los empresarios para eludir las leyes laborales y deshacerse fácilmente de los trabajadores “sobrantes”, como a la débil resistencia y a veces indiferencia que el atropello despertó en las directivas sindicales. La desaparición de empresas simbólicas de la vida social colombiana, grandes y medianas, ha borrado rápidamente de la memoria nacional el aporte que empresarios criollos y trabajadores hicieron a la técnica, la calidad y la presentación de la producción nacional atesoradas en un siglo de historia de la manufactura. Death and Recovery of Colombian Companies This article synthesizes the author’s inquiry about the disappearance of Colombian manufacturing forms, and some rescue efforts made by their workers when the first effects of globalization began to be felt in our midst. In some way, this is a pioneering attempt in Colombia, since the phenomenon became well unnoticed by the public, because both, the employers had the government support to circumvent labor laws and to drive out easily the workers “surplus”, as well as the feeble resistence and sometimes indifference of union leaders. The disappearance of symbolic firms in Colombian social life, large and medium, quickly erased the memory of the contribution that national employers and workers made in techniques, quality and presentation of national productions treasured along a century of manufacturing history. Keywords: Globalization, Industrial Crisis, Recovery Companies, Unionism.

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