scholarly journals Effect of Planting Distance on the Mechanical Harvesting of Hot Pepper

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 945
Author(s):  
Seokho Kang ◽  
Yeongsu Kim ◽  
Hyunggyu Park ◽  
Seungmin Woo ◽  
Daniel Dooyum Uyeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Hot Peppers ◽  
Harvesting Efficiency ◽  
Planting Distance ◽  
High Level

Hot peppers are well known for being spicy and also have a high nutrient content. Human resources have formerly been used to harvest hot peppers; however, a high level of musculoskeletal risk to the human workforce has been reported. Therefore, to reduce the risk to farmers and replace the human workforce, the mechanical harvesting of hot pepper and steps to improve the harvesting efficiency of farmers were conducted. To achieve this, the effect of planting distance on the mechanical harvesting of hot peppers was analyzed at three planting distances (30, 40, and 50 cm) with several cultivars. Subsequently, machine-harvested hot peppers were classified into five groups (marketable, damaged, lost, unharvested, and twigged hot pepper), depending on their postharvest status. The average weight ratio of each group was then calculated, after which statistical analyses were conducted. The effect of planting distance on mechanical harvesting was then analyzed by comparing the differences between each group’s average weight ratio and the total weight of hot pepper, which was simultaneously harvested mechanically at each planting distance. Results showed that the average weight ratio of marketable, unharvested, and twigged hot pepper improved as the planting distance increased. However, no effect on the average weight ratio of damaged and lost hot pepper was observed. The highest yield of marketable hot pepper was found at a planting distance of 40 cm, and the average weight ratio to the whole was lower than at 50 cm of planting distance. Thus, the most suitable planting distance for mechanical harvesting was 40 cm.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE VARIABILITY OF THE PRODUCTIVITY COMPONENTS IN A COLLECTION OF HOT PEPPER LANDRACES (CAPSICUM ANUUM VAR. MICROCARPUM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Emilian Madoşă ◽  
Lavinia Sasu ◽  
Sorin Ciulca ◽  
Constantin Avădanei ◽  
Adriana Ciulca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Hot Peppers ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Western Romania

The aim of the research was to evaluate the variability value of the main characters that contribute to the achievement of plant production to a collection of hot pepper genotypes. The biological material was composed of 17 landraces of hot peppers collected from western Romania. The study was conducted for two years, with biometric measurements on the morphological characteristics of fruit production on the plant. Intra-population variability was assessed (mean, standard deviation of mean and coefficient of variability) and differences between populations for these characters. The results show that the variability within the collection is high. Within populations, fruit sizes (length, diameter) are uniform, but the number of fruits and their weight per plant show greater variability. Within the collection, variations in morphological characteristics are large, especially for fruit length, fruit weight, number and weight of fruit per plant. Among the landraces studied, some may be recommended for breeding programs, as parents or as material for the application of selection: for long fruits (Juliţa, Aldeşti I and Satchinez I), for short fruits (Satchinez III), but also the landraces Rieni III (17.07 g average weight of the fruit), Temerești II (89.82 fruits per plant), Aldești I (931.17 g fruits per plant).

Estimation of the productivity and nutritionality of forage mass of new varieties of Medicago lupulina

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Vorsheva ◽  
◽  
G.V. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
New Varieties

Medicago has a high nutrient content, and the aerial part of Medicago lupulina contains saponins, tannins, estrogenic substances and calcium salts. The leaves of this plant contain carotene, vitamin D and ascorbic acid. Medicago lupulina can develop a significant green mass, has low pubescence, thin stems and provides a delicate forage. The article presents the results of assessing the productivity and feeding qualities of new varieties ofMedicago lupulina

Nutritional composition of different cape gooseberry genotypes (Physalis peruviana L.) – a comparative study

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
N.T. Petkova ◽  
V.T. Popova ◽  
T.A. Ivanova ◽  
N.N. Mazova ◽  
N.D. Panayotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
South American ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Cape Gooseberry

Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is a South American fruit with high nutrient content, pleasant taste and antioxidant properties. However, its consumption in some countries is underеvalued. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional composition of two genotypes of Cape gooseberry fruit produced in Bulgaria (CG-F and CG-P) and to compare it with imported Colombian fruits (CG-C). The samples were assayed for size, diameter, moisture, ash, titratable acidity, pH, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, natural pigments, and mineral content. Bulgarian genotypes were smaller in size than the imported Colombian fruits. The protein content (2.54-1.88 g/100 g) was relatively higher in the imported variety, compared with the locally produced fruit. Carbohydrate content (10.23-14.13 g/100 g) slightly varied between the genotypes. The sweetness of the fruit was due to the main detected sugars – sucrose, glucose and fructose. CG-F and GC-C genotypes had similar sweetness indices, and fruit taste was evaluated as sweet-sour. Pectin content did not exceed 1.85%; the cellulose content varied between 4.29% and 6.64%. Moreover, all investigated fruit had a low lipid content (below 1.00%). The total chlorophyll and carotenoids levels were the highest in the local genotype CG-P (3.62 and 22.36 µg/g). Potassium was the predominant macro-element in all genotypes; there were numerical differences in the rest of the minerals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn), while the heavy metals, Pb, Cd and Cr, were generally absent. Cape gooseberry fruit of Bulgarian origin was evaluated as a low-calorie nutrient, compatible with the imported Colombian fruit.

Nuisance odours produced by benthic cyanobacteria in a Mediterranean river

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Vilalta ◽  
H. Guasch ◽  
I. Muñoz ◽  
A. Romaní ◽  
F. Valero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Cyanobacterial Mats ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Mediterranean River ◽  
Benthic Cyanobacteria ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
High Nutrient

Geosmin dynamics in the Llobregat waters were related to the waxing and waning of benthic cyanobacterial mats developing in the river. Geosmin concentration in the water during 2002 reached a maximum of 204 ng L-1, and coincided with an abundance of cyanobacteria in the river. Cyanobacterial mats were favoured by the high nutrient content of the waters. The cyanobacterial mats experienced a process of growth in thickness (attached forms), until they became unattached and drifted downstream (free-floating forms), accumulating in shallow areas of the river. Geosmin in the biofilm ranged from 0.55 ± 0.97 ng geosmin per mg DW-1 in the attached biofilms and 5.25 ± 4.96 ng geosmin per mg DW-1 in the free-floating biofilms. While the attached mats could be responsible for the local occurrence of geosmin at a given site, the free-floating mats became a relevant agent for the dispersion of the metabolite downstream. This impression was reinforced by the extremely high correlation between the geosmin content in the free-floating biofilm and in the water (r = 0.917, p = 0.00001). In order to reduce the geosmin concentration and accumulation of the cyanobacterial mats in shallow river waters, the nutrient content should be controlled and the natural flow conditions restored, to prevent the growth and accumulation of the geosmin-producing cyanobacterial mats.

scholarly journals Olanzapine-high potency antipsychotic drug inducing significant weight gain: A case report

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Maric ◽  
Dragana Josifovic-Kostic ◽  
Olivera Vukovic ◽  
Dubravka Britvic ◽  
Miroslava Jasovic-Gasic
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Young Female ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Significant Weight Gain ◽  
High Level

INTRODUCTION Olanzapine is a second generation antipsychotic (SGA) with a high level of therapeutic effectiveness in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Along with the positive therapeutic effects, an increase of the body weight frequently occurs. According to the literature, the average weight gain is about 6-7 kg during several months of treatment. This could be valued as a moderate weight increase. CASE OUTLINE This article presents a case of a young female with schizophrenia, without clinical improvement with several antipsychotics (clozapine, risperidone, haloperidol) and with the occurrence of significant neurological side effects. The treatment started with olanzapine (baseline) was associated with good initial response (PANSS reduction 20% in the first two weeks) and the improvement was maintained further on (PANSS reduction 50% after 16 weeks). Significant increase (20 kg, 40%) in weight appeared during the following 16 weeks (BMI at baseline 17.9 kg/m2; BMI 16 weeks later 25.1 kg/m2). CONCLUSION High effectiveness of olanzapine in schizophrenia symptoms reduction was accompanied by a significant weight gain. However, this drug leads to impaired glucoregulation, dyslipidaemia etc. It also increases the risk of diabetes and cardio-vascular diseases, i.e. the main causes of mortality in schizophrenia after a suicide. Therefore, clinicians are suggested to focus on possible predictors of weight gain during olanzapine therapy, and act accordingly in order to prevent serious health consequences.

scholarly journals Health benefits of bioactive compounds from cocoa (Theobroma cacao)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahanas E ◽  
Seeja T Panjikkaran ◽  
Sharon C L ◽  
Remya P R
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Cocoa Products ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Brain

Cocoa is regarded as a super food due to its high nutrient content and proven health benefits. Cocoa beans are rich in carbohydrate (31%), protein (11%), fat (54%), fibre (16%) and minerals. Cocoa is a good source of bioactive compounds too. The major bioactive components are polyphenols constituted of flavanoids and non flavanoids. The bioactive components with rich antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activities contribute to various health benefits. The flavonoid rich chocolates improve peripheral vascular function. The consumption of cocoa or chocolate are beneficial in inhibiting the complex molecular process leading to cancer. Flavanoids in cocoa increases insulin sensitivity by improving endothelial function and reducing oxidative stress. The cocoa flavonoids also penetrate and accumulate in the brain regions involved in learning and memory. The knowledge on bioactive compounds in cocoa and cocoa products suggests that they could be consumed as a part of wholesome, health promoting nutritional food.

scholarly journals The Effect of Population Density and Intercropping with Tomato on the Growth and Yield of Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Gerson Hans Maure ◽  
Muhammad Achmad Chozin ◽  
Edi Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Winged Bean ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Almost All

Winged bean (Fabaceae) is a tropical crop that has high nutrient content, and almost all parts of the plant are edible. The research aimed to evaluate the growth and production of winged bean in an intercropping system with tomato. The study was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Field of Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia, in a randomized block design with three replications during the rainy season of December 2017 to June 2018. Winged beans were planted in high and low population densities and intercropped with three tomato genotypes, “Tora”, F70030081-12-16-3 and “Apel Belgia”. Monoculture winged bean was assigned as control. Tomatoes were planted between the rows of the winged beans in the intercropping treatment. The results showed that the growth of winged bean in monoculture and intercropping systems was not significantly different. The photosynthetic activity of winged bean at three to five weeks after planting remained high, indicating that the vegetative growth was optimal in both systems. Intercropping increased the winged bean number of pods per plant by 12.66-19.52% compared to monoculture, irrespective of population density. Therefore, winged bean could be considered as suitable to grow in intercropping systems.

scholarly journals Sustainable Management of Organic Wastes in Sharjah, UAE through Co-Composting

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Md Maruf Mortula ◽  
Aqeel Ahmed ◽  
Kazi Parvez Fattah ◽  
Ghina Zannerni ◽  
Syed A. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Minimal Treatment

Daily human activities and vast green areas produce substantial amounts of organic wastes that end up in landfills with minimal treatment. In addition to the problems associated with landfills, disposal through this method is unsustainable in the long run and does not allow recovering materials from the waste. This paper focuses on the co-composting of different organic wastes produced in The Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), to optimize mixing proportions of three different kinds of wastes—sewage sludge (SS), green waste (GW), and food waste (FW). All three organic wastes were analyzed to determine their chemical composition and the mixing proportions. Ten different mixing proportions as a function of carbon:nitrogen (C:N ratios) were determined and mixed in a NatureMill composter. Compost samples were tested for pH, salinity, conductivity, moisture content, organic matter, organic carbon, phosphorus, total nitrogen, and final C:N ratio after 6 weeks. Results indicate that a period of 5–6 weeks is sufficient for the compost to stabilize. The varying mixing proportions produced a good-quality compost (C:N up to 20:1) with high nutrient content. The study reaffirms that co-composting can be a potential sustainable organic waste management option for the United Arab Emirates.

Determination of proximate composition and fatty acid profiles of Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 in Turkish freshwater resources

Crustaceana ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1135-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Öksüz ◽  
Yavuz Mazlum
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Astacus Leptodactylus ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Single Fatty Acid ◽  
High Level

This research was conducted to evaluate the nutrient content ofAstacus leptodactylusin various populations in the lakes Iznik and Egirdir, as well as in Hirfanlı Dam Lake and Keban Dam Lake, all in Turkey. Crayfish meat yield ranged from a minimum of 11.3% to a maximum of 16.3% of wet weight in specimens from Keban and Iznik, respectively. Meat yield was significantly different, depending on the living environment. The protein content of the meat ofA. leptodactylusranged from 15.4 to 17.5%. The moisture content of crayfish was significantly lower in the high lipid containing Iznik Lake’s crayfish. Crayfish lipids were poor in saturated fatty acids, but rich in PUFA’s and in particular EPA, DHA and ARA. In all groups, the major saturated fatty acids were palmitic acid, stearic acid and myristic acid. Among the omega-6 fatty acid series, a high level of ARA was observed in crayfish meat.EPA may be considered as the major omega-3 fatty acid in crayfish lipids. There was no single fatty acid indicating regional differences in crayfish specimens.

scholarly journals Response of wheat to foliar application of zinc

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Zoz ◽  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Rubens Fey ◽  
Deise Dalazen Castagnara ◽  
Edleusa Pereira Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
No Till ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Plant Emergence

Wheat is grown in Brazil, mostly in no-till, a system in which the zinc can become potentially deficient, due to excessive application of acidity corrective and phosphate fertilizers in surface and, or at shallow depths. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of foliar application of zinc in agronomic characteristics and yield of wheat. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications. Treatments consisted of four doses of zinc (0, 54, 108 and 216g ha-1 Zn), divided into two foliar applications, the first at tillering (18 days after plant emergence) and the second at the boot stage (65 days after emergence). Foliar application of zinc increased the number of fertile tillers and yield of wheat, however, have little effect on the agronomic characteristics of no-tilled crop with high nutrient content in soil.

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