scholarly journals Effect of Vanadium on the Uptake and Distribution of Organic and Inorganic Forms of Iodine in Sweetcorn Plants during Early-Stage Development

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Marlena Grzanka ◽  
Sylwester Smoleń ◽  
Peter Kováčik
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Iodine Uptake ◽  
Iodine Compounds ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
The Impact

Iodine and vanadium are elements that are closely related to organisms in water environments. Iodine and vanadium are known as “beneficial elements” that stimulate the growth and development of higher plants. Iodine is an essential element for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine in the human body, with vanadium also known to be involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. The cooperation of both elements in the human body and in algae presents a question regarding the impact of vanadium interaction on iodine uptake in higher plants. The absorption of iodine from seawater in algae is known to be more efficient in the presence of vanadium, with key role in this process played by the iodoperoxidase enzyme, with vanadium acting as a cofactor. The study of the nature of the absorption of iodine by higher plants, and in particular by crops such as corn, remains insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vanadium on iodine uptake via vanadium-dependent iodoperoxidase (vHPO) activity in sweetcorn plants (Zea mays L. subsp. Mays Saccharata Group) “Złota Karłowa”. The experiment was carried out with organic and inorganic iodine compounds, namely potassium iodide (KI), potassium iodate (KIO3), 5-iodosalicylic acid (5-ISA), and 2-iodobenzoic acid (2-IBeA), each used in a dose of 10 μM. These compounds were applied with and without vanadium in the form of ammonium methavanadate (NH4VO3) at a dose of 0.1 μM. A double control was used, the first without iodine and vanadium and the second with vanadium but without iodine. Root length, root mass, and above-ground weight were significantly higher after iodine and vanadium compared to controls. Plants were collected at the five true leaf stage. vHPO activity level was much higher in the roots than in the leaves, but greater variation in the leaves was observed between treatments in terms of vHPO activity. Vanadium was shown to accumulate in the roots. The use of a relatively low dose of vanadium may have caused changes in the accumulation of this element in the aerial parts of the plant, leaves, and shoots. Fertilization with iodine and vanadium compounds decreased the accumulation of most minerals, macroelements, and microelements compared to controls. The obtained results of iodine accumulation in individual parts after applying iodine and vanadium fertilization testify to the stimulating effect of vanadium on iodine uptake and accumulation.

scholarly journals Biofortification of Sweetcorn with Iodine: Interaction of Organic and Inorganic Forms of Iodine Combined with Vanadium

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Marlena Grzanka ◽  
Sylwester Smoleń ◽  
Łukasz Skoczylas ◽  
Dominik Grzanka
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Iodine Compounds ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Inorganic Iodine

Around the world, maize cultivation is an essential part of food systems for humans and animals. Effective reactions against the occurrence of diseases related to the deficiency of elements in the human diet are related to the biofortification of plant species of broad importance, including maize. The enrichment of maize with iodine is difficult due to the poor transport of this element to the plant’s generative organs. In marine algae, vanadium is part of the structure of the enzyme iodine-dependent peroxidase (vHIPO) that catalyzes the uptake of cellular iodine (I) and its volatilization as I2. The relationship between iodine and vanadium in higher plants, however, is not well-known. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of vanadium fertilization and the interactions of organic and inorganic iodine compounds with vanadium under soil application. In the pot experiment, NH4VO3 was applied to the soil in two doses of 0.1 and 1 μmol·dm−3 both separately and in combination, with the following iodine compounds: 5-iodosalicylic acid (5-ISA), 2-iodobenzoic acid (2-IBeA), potassium iodide (KI), and potassium iodate (KIO3). The iodine compounds were also applied independently to vanadium, while in the control combination, fertilization was performed without I and V. Iodine compounds were applied with doses calculated using the molar mass of this element (i.e., 10 μmol·dm−3 I). The highest level of iodine accumulation in grains (regardless of fertilization with V) was obtained after the application of organic compounds 5ISA and 2IBeA. A lower dose of vanadium (0.1 μmol·dm−3) in combination with KI and KIO3 increased the accumulation of iodine in leaves, roots, and grains compared to the combination without the additional application of vanadium. The combined application of vanadium in both doses with 2-IBeA most effectively stimulated the transport and accumulation of iodine to the maize grain. Under the combined application of 5-ISA and vanadium (10 μmol·dm−3), we observed the stimulating effect of this organic iodine compound on the accumulation of vanadium in the roots as well as the antagonistic effect of vanadium in combination with 5-ISA on the accumulation of iodine in the roots, leaves, and maize grain. Vanadium accumulated mainly in the roots, where the content of this element increased proportionally to its dose. The soil application of 5-ISA increased the total sugar content and vitamin C content in the grain.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC IODINE COMPOUNDS ON PIG PRODUCTIVITY AND MEAT QUALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 552-561
Author(s):  
Larisa Sergeevna BOLSHAKOVA ◽  
Andrey Borisovich LISITSYN ◽  
Irina Mihailovna CHERNUHA ◽  
Natalia Vladimirovna SHELEPINA ◽  
Inna Grigorevna PARSHUTINA
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Organic Form ◽  
Organic Iodine ◽  
Iodine Compounds ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was designed to examine the efficiency of various iodine compounds in pigs’ diets. The impact of inorganic and organic iodine compounds – potassium iodate and iodated milk protein, which is a part of the "ProstTM" feed additive ("Innbiotech", Russia) – on the growth, meat productivity and lean meat yield of fattening pigs was studied. The physico-chemical composition and biological value of the meat were studied. The accumulation of iodine in animal muscle tissue was assessed. It was found that iodized milk protein contributed to more intensive growth than the inorganic iodine source. Specifically, animals fed the organic form of iodine were superior in terms of carcass weight and yield value of muscle and fat tissue. Compared to the control group, the experimental groups of pigs demonstrated a muscle tissue yield of 0.45%. Organic sources of iodine were also found to have a positive impact on the chemical composition of meat; animals fed the organic form of iodine surpassed those receiving inorganic iodine in terms of their meat’s dry substance, protein content and fat content. The level of iodine in the muscle tissue of pigs receiving organic iodine was considerably higher, and these pigs surpassed those receiving the inorganic iodine source in terms of the presence of essential amino acids in their muscle tissue.

scholarly journals A negative feedback between anthropogenic ozone pollution and enhanced ocean emissions of iodine

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 21917-21942 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Prados-Roman ◽  
C. A. Cuevas ◽  
R. P. Fernandez ◽  
D. E. Kinnison ◽  
J.-F. Lamarque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
Iodine Compounds ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Naturally emitted from the oceans, iodine compounds efficiently destroy atmospheric ozone and reduce its positive radiative forcing effects in the troposphere. Emissions of inorganic iodine have been experimentally shown to depend on the deposition to the oceans of tropospheric ozone, whose concentrations have significantly increased since 1850 as a result of human activities. A chemistry-climate model is used herein to quantify the current ocean emissions of inorganic iodine and assess the impact that the anthropogenic increase of tropospheric ozone has had on the natural cycle of iodine in the marine environment since pre-industrial times. Our results indicate that the human-driven enhancement of tropospheric ozone has doubled the oceanic inorganic iodine emissions following the reaction of ozone with iodide at the sea surface. The consequent build-up of atmospheric iodine, with maximum enhancements of up to 70% with respect to preindustrial times in continental pollution outflow regions, has in turn accelerated the ozone chemical loss over the oceans with strong spatial patterns. We suggest that this ocean–atmosphere interaction represents a negative geochemical feedback loop by which current ocean emissions of iodine act as a natural buffer for ozone pollution and its radiative forcing in the global marine environment.

scholarly journals Full Body Sanitizing Tunnel To Tackle Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Keshav Kumar Jha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Frame Design ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Disinfection Process ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Full Body

As we know the deadly Coronavirus is spreading very fastly across the world it’s almost around 12 months gone but still, there is lack of vaccine manufacturer in India , the only way to stay protect and safe is in the form of taking precautions which may be in the terms of wearing PPE’s, masks, hand gloves, washing/sanitizing hands at regular interval and maintaining social distancing. The impact of Coronavirus is very deadly so precaution is very necessary. At the very early stage, the Govt. realized the threat by Coronavirus and implemented a nationwide lockdown which led to a drastic decrease in the chance of community spread. And we all experienced the lockdown and now we are in the second phase of deadly coronavirus and lockdown all over but country can’t be in lockdown forever otherwise it’s economy will be hit badly. So, in Unlock 1.O in first phase all the businesses and shops opened increasing the chance of spread of corona. So, first, all these shops were using sanitizers for the customer to disinfect themselves. In the rouse of the COVID-19 Pandemic, the dangers of cross-contamination remain soaring high. The odds are especially high with asymptomatic patients who are capable of dispersion of the contagion, even though they might not experience any deadly symptoms of the disease. The Novel Coronavirus is known to stay lively on lifeless surfaces for a prolonged period. Thus, the need of the hour is to introduce machines that would capably eliminate the virus and encumber the rapid spread of it. the “Full Body Sanitizing Machine” – a Personnel Sanitization Enclosure (PSE) that can efficiently eradicate the risks of infection and infection in high traffic areas. Now, we can take the customer disinfection process a notch above by Full Body Sanitizing Machine which can be constructed very easily and is also very cheap to construct. It is a Door and tunnel kind, in which 2 sides bounded with the S.S. sheet and the extra 2 edges are exposed for entry and exit purposes and it can also be walled with plastic sheets. When human arrives in the tunnel or machine, at that time the sensor, which is placed at top centre and senses human body and gives output to the motor and motor gets activated and the whole system triggers and all 8-10 sprayers get triggered and starts to spray towards the centre of the tunnel and all 8-10 sprayers spray on the human body and it will routinely stop after 10-15 seconds. Because 10-15 seconds is enough for Sanitization. When Sprayer stops then humans can leave from the front side means the exit side. So, this machine can sanitize 4-5 humans in a minute and 250-300 humans in an hour.This could be manufactured both in the Tunnel form as well as in a single frame. But the tunnel is most effective because it will concentrate the spray on the human and in the frame design the spray will not work effectively due to wind or any other reason. So, this report focuses on the development and analysis of these types of tunnels as the time progresses in the pandemic of coronavirus without any effective vaccine these things are going to be in great demand.

PLANT BREEDING EVOLVING

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Rajhathy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
The Impact

The success of pre-Mendelian plant improvement, in spite of its intuitive, empirical and haphazard nature, is amply demonstrated by the multitude of highly adapted land races. Organized plant breeding emerged in the 18th century and made great strides in the 19th although a comprehensive theory was still lacking. Post-Mendelian plant breeding was defined and the impact of evolutionary and genetic theories was briefly examined. Breeders not only benefited from but also contributed to the Darwinian theory of evolution and were instrumental in developing the concept of quantitative inheritance of polygenic nature. The development of adapted triticale was selected as a case history for alloploid breeding and the major factors in recent success were identified. It was found that a combination of research with an extensive breeding program based on evolutionary principles was an essential element for success. Although triticale provides an illuminating model, additional ones with various genetic, breeding and developmental systems may expedite the practical utilization of de novo species. The emerging new methodology, an extension of molecular and microbial genetic methods to higher plants and tissue-culture work was outlined. These methods, when perfected, will probably remove isolation barriers to gene exchange and make the selection process vastly more effective. Some of the new methods, such as experimentally produced doubled haploids and the large scale propagation of virus-free plants via tissue-cultures, are already making an impact on the breeding of several species.

scholarly journals A negative feedback between anthropogenic ozone pollution and enhanced ocean emissions of iodine

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 2215-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Prados-Roman ◽  
C. A. Cuevas ◽  
R. P. Fernandez ◽  
D. E. Kinnison ◽  
J-F. Lamarque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
Iodine Compounds ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Naturally emitted from the oceans, iodine compounds efficiently destroy atmospheric ozone and reduce its positive radiative forcing effects in the troposphere. Emissions of inorganic iodine have been experimentally shown to depend on the deposition to the oceans of tropospheric ozone, whose concentrations have significantly increased since 1850 as a result of human activities. A chemistry–climate model is used herein to quantify the current ocean emissions of inorganic iodine and assess the impact that the anthropogenic increase in tropospheric ozone has had on the natural cycle of iodine in the marine environment since pre-industrial times. Our results indicate that the human-driven enhancement of tropospheric ozone has doubled the oceanic inorganic iodine emissions following the reaction of ozone with iodide at the sea surface. The consequent build-up of atmospheric iodine, with maximum enhancements of up to 70% with respect to pre-industrial times in continental pollution outflow regions, has in turn accelerated the ozone chemical loss over the oceans with strong spatial patterns. We suggest that this ocean–atmosphere interaction represents a negative geochemical feedback loop by which current ocean emissions of iodine act as a natural buffer for ozone pollution and its radiative forcing in the global marine environment.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IODINE METABOLISM IN PREGNANCY, SPORADIC GOITRE AND THYROTOXICOSIS

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Aboul-Khair ◽  
J. Crooks
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Iodine Uptake ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Deficiency State ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Studies of iodine metabolism have been carried out in 15 pregnant women, 33 cases with sporadic goitre and 11 with thyrotoxicosis. A low plasma inorganic iodine was common to the three groups. In pregnancy and sporadic goitre the thyroid clearance of iodine was elevated and the absolute iodine uptake normal. A high thyroid clearance of iodine in thyrotoxicosis was associated with a high absolute iodine uptake. The results suggest that both pregnancy and sporadic goitre are physiological responses to an iodine deficiency state while the iodine deficiency state of thyrotoxicosis is secondary to increased thyroid activity.

Nachhaltigkeit im Wald – vor und hinter der Welle der Globalisierung | Sustainable Forest Management – In Front and Behind the Wave of Globalization

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (12) ◽  
pp. 502-507
Author(s):  
Christian Küchli
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact

Are there any common patterns in the transition processes from traditional and more or less sustainable forest management to exploitative use, which can regularly be observed both in central Europe and in the countries of the South (e.g. India or Indonesia)? Attempts were made with a time-space-model to typify those force fields, in which traditional sustainable forest management is undermined and is then transformed into a modern type of sustainable forest management. Although it is unlikely that the history of the North will become the future of the South, the glimpse into the northern past offers a useful starting point for the understanding of the current situation in the South, which in turn could stimulate the debate on development. For instance, the patterns which stand behind the conflicts on forest use in the Himalayas are very similar to the conflicts in the Alps. In the same way, the impact of socio-economic changes on the environment – key word ‹globalisation› – is often much the same. To recognize comparable patterns can be very valuable because it can act as a stimulant for the search of political, legal and technical solutions adapted to a specific situation. For the global community the realization of the way political-economic alliances work at the head of the ‹globalisationwave›can only signify to carry on trying to find a common language and understanding at the negotiation tables. On the lee side of the destructive breaker it is necessary to conserve and care for what survived. As it was the case in Switzerland these forest islands could once become the germination points for the genesis of a cultural landscape, where close-to-nature managed forests will constitute an essential element.

KAJIAN DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN PENUTUPAN LOKALISASI TELEJU OLEH PEMERINTAH KOTA PEKANBARU

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
M. Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Policy Content ◽  
The Government ◽  
Closure Policy ◽  
The Impact

This research to analyze the impact of closure policy Teleju brothel by Pekanbaru govermentin 2010. Guidelines for works are Pekanbaru Local Regulations No. 12 of 2008 on Social Order-liness. Closure this brothel inflicts positive and negative impact for society.The research wasconducted to obtain early stage formula for the government to take action against the prostitu-tion activities. This research uses policy research approach with a qualitative method, becausein prostitution activities and prohibition by goverment is an assessment that needs to be done byanalyzing documents and unstructured interview.The results showed that after the closing of the Teleju brothel have an impact on the deploy-ment of a prostitution and affect the economy of the surrounding residents. Government seeksto tackle prostitution in Pekanbaru by moving the brothel, conduct regular raids and providetraining. The effort is considered to be less than the maximum because the handling is not basedon the root of the problem and not programmed properly. There are several causes of failure ofgovernment to overcome the prostitution problem in Pekanbaru, including: policy content isless focus on the prostitution problem, the government did not proceeds with data, lack of finan-cial support, contra productive programs between local government with the police and TNI,and the policy object is difficult to be given understanding.

Fluoxetine Protects against Dendritic Spine Loss in Middle-aged APPswe/PSEN1dE9 Double Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ma ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Yong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Dendritic Spines ◽  
Dendritic Spine ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Spine Pathology ◽  
The Impact

Background: Studies have suggested that cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with dendritic spine loss, especially in the hippocampus. Fluoxetine (FLX) has been shown to improve cognition in the early stage of AD and to be associated with diminishing synapse degeneration in the hippocampus. However, little is known about whether FLX affects the pathogenesis of AD in the middle-tolate stage and whether its effects are correlated with the amelioration of hippocampal dendritic dysfunction. Previously, it has been observed that FLX improves the spatial learning ability of middleaged APP/PS1 mice. Objective: In the present study, we further characterized the impact of FLX on dendritic spines in the hippocampus of middle-aged APP/PS1 mice. Results: It has been found that the numbers of dendritic spines in dentate gyrus (DG), CA1 and CA2/3 of hippocampus were significantly increased by FLX. Meanwhile, FLX effectively attenuated hyperphosphorylation of tau at Ser396 and elevated protein levels of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) and synapsin-1 (SYN-1) in the hippocampus. Conclusion: These results indicated that the enhanced learning ability observed in FLX-treated middle-aged APP/PS1 mice might be associated with remarkable mitigation of hippocampal dendritic spine pathology by FLX and suggested that FLX might be explored as a new strategy for therapy of AD in the middle-to-late stage.

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