scholarly journals Are Copper Nanoparticles Toxic to All Plants? A Case Study on Onion (Allium cepa L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006
Author(s):  
Shady Abdel Mottaleb ◽  
Ahmed Z. A. Hassan ◽  
Reham El-Bahbohy ◽  
Abdel Wahab M. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Sandy soils with high alkalinity are characterized by low copper (Cu) contents that lead to many deficiency symptoms in plants. Cu deficiency in plants can be corrected using several cheap Cu sources. Nevertheless, the effects that novel sources, such as Cu nanoparticles (NPs), have on plants remain poorly studied. In the present work, we investigated the effect and efficiency of Cu supplementation to onion (Allium cepa L.) plants using Cu sulfate, chelate, or NPs, and compared their effects on bulb quality, yield, and contents of phytochemicals. Two successive seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020) of field experiments were conducted in newly reclaimed sandy soils, where plants were sprayed with either 10 ppm CuO NPs, 20 ppm CuSO4·5H2O, or 20 ppm of Cu chelates. Overall, Cu deficiency (control) resulted in a significant decrease in yield and all quality traits of onion plants. CuO NPs treatment significantly enhanced growth parameters, including plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight, yield, and bulb quality, compared with Cu sulfate and chelates. This was also the case regarding chemical constituents such as macro- and micro-nutrients, total soluble solids, phytochemical compounds, vitamins, and amino acids. Although Cu sulfate is the cheapest form used for Cu supplementation, results of the present study suggest that CuO NPs was not only safe to use, but also was the treatment that led to the highest onion yield and quality.

scholarly journals Peranan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA) dan Serasah Daun Gamal (Gliricidia sepium L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) pada Tanah Podzolik Merah Kuning

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Supeni Sufaati ◽  
Rr. Evi D. Aryuni
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

The aim of study was to know the effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF), Glomus mosseae on the growth of onion Allium cepa L. on red-yellow podzolic soils. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with 10 replicates was used in this experiment. The first factor was mycorrhizae, with two level: without inoculation as a control (M0); 10 gram inoculation = M1). The second factorwas leaf litter of gamal Gliricidia sepium L. species   wich were no litter as S0; 5 gram litter = S1; S2 was 10 gram of litter; and 20 grams of loitter in one kilogram of soil separately. Parameters used in this study were the growth of onion that has infected root in percent, and Relative Growth Rate (RGR). ANOVA was used to analyze the data, and followed with DMRT at 95% level test. The result showed that mycorrhizal inoculation increased root and shoot fresh weight, the dry weight of shoot; and the percentage of root infection on the onion. While the leaf litter of gamal increased only in leaf area. In contrast mycorrhizal inoculation and gamal leaf litter and their combination had no effect on other growth parameters. Key words: AMF, Glomus mosseae, Gliricidia sepium, Allium cepa.

scholarly journals Phosphorus and Biofertilizer Application Effects on Growth Parameters, Yield and Chemical Constituents of Broccoli

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2210
Author(s):  
Mustafa H. M. Mohamed ◽  
Maha Ali ◽  
Rania S.M. Eid ◽  
Heba S. El-Desouky ◽  
Spyridon A. Petropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Total Carbohydrate

Broccoli is a popular vegetable throughout the world and contains important nutritional features. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect the fertilization with different phosphorus sources (i.e., soil application of rock phosphate (RP) at 428 kg ha−1, calcium superphosphate (CSP) at 670 kg ha−1, phosphoric acid (PA) at 126 L ha−1 and monoammonium phosphate (MAP) at 334 kg ha−1) combined with biofertilizers (i.e., inoculation with phosphorin or mycorrhiza) on plant growth aspects, antioxidants enzyme activity, chemical constituents, yield and quality of broccoli leaves and heads (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck). The experiment was performed according to the randomized complete block design with three replications (n = 3), for two growing seasons (2018–2019) at the experimental farm of Benha University, Egypt. The obtained results showed that the highest values of plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant, head weight and diameter, and the highest yield of heads ha-1 were recorded in plants that received MAP fertilizer and were inoculated with mycorrhiza. On the other hand, the highest value of head length, total carbohydrate and total soluble solids (TSS) content were observed in plants fertilized with PA and inoculated with mycorrhiza. The highest leaf nitrogen % and head ascorbic acid content, as well as the lowest head total phenol content were recorded in plants supplemented with MAP fertilizer and inoculated with mycorrhiza. Moreover, broccoli plants fertilized with PA and inoculated with mycorrhiza showed promising results in terms of phosphorus, potassium and total carbohydrate content, antioxidant activity and dehydrogenase activity. In conclusion, phosphorus may affect plant growth, yield and chemical parameters in broccoli plants depending on the fertilizer source, while inoculation with mycorrhiza may also have a beneficial impact on these parameters.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF PRODUCTIVITY AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF CLUSTER BEAN (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Taub.) PLANT TO POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION AND HUMIC ACID RATES

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Potassium Fertilization

Two field experiments were carried out at Experimental Farm, Fac. Agric., Zagazig University, Egypt to study the influence of potassium fertilization rates (0.0, 25 and 50 kg K2O/faddan), humic acid rates (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 ml/l) and their combination treatments on growth parameters, yield components, chemical constituents and glactomanan production of cluster bean plant. These trials were conducted during the 2017 and 2018 summer seasons. Plant height, number of branches and leaves/plant and total dry weight /plant increased significantly by using 50 kg K2O /faddan. Also, the highest values of pods number/plant, seed yield /plant and /faddan as well as glactomanan yield/plant and /faddan were achieved with the same rate of potassium. Total chlorophyll content and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages increased by the highest rate of potassium under study. Moreover, the highest rate of humic acid (3 ml/l) recorded the maximum values of abovementioned parameters compared to the other rates (1.0 and 2.0 ml/l) and control. The present study recommends that using potassium at 50 kg K2O /fad. combined with 3 ml/l of humic acid for increasing seeds and glactomanan yields per faddan of cluster bean plants grown under similar field conditions.

The effect of growth temperature on dry weight and carbohydrate content of onion (Allium cepa L. cv. Creamgold) bulbs

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
BT Steer
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Onion bulbs (Allium cepa L. cv. Creamgold), grown in a phytotron from seed, had a dry weight as percentage of fresh weight that decreased as growth temperatures increased from 22/16 to 33/28�C day/night. There were no significant differences between growth temperatures in the fructose, sucrose or fructan content and, although glucose content was higher at high temperatures, there was no correlation of total carbohydrate content with growth temperature. The sum of fructose, glucose and sucrose per unit tissue water was constant between temperatures, suggesting that the mono- and disaccharide content may control the bulb water content. These results, from controlled-environment tests, predict that in the field the best yield of dry weight as a percentage of fresh weight will be obtained at low growth temperatures.

Effect of nitrogen on the yield and quality of irrigated onions (Allium cepa L.) cv. Cream Gold grown on siliceous sands

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Maier ◽  
AP Dahlenburg ◽  
TK Twigden
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Scale Thickness ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

The effect of nitrogen (N), at rates up to 590 kg N/ha, on the yield and quality of Cream Gold onions grown on siliceous sands was investigated in field experiments conducted during 1987-88 (1 site) and 1988-89 (2 sites). As the rate of applied N increased there was a significant (P<0.001) increase in the fresh weight of tops harvested when the largest bulbs were 25-30 mm in diameter. Fresh weight of tops was significantly (P<0.001) correlated with final marketable yield of bulbs. Nitrogen application accelerated top senescence. Nitrogen-deficient plants had erect green tops at harvest. Marketable yield was significantly (P<0.01) increased and the yield of culls (unmarketable bulbs) was significantly (P<0.01) decreased as the rate of N increased at all sites. Nitrogen rates in the range 299-358 kg N/ha were required for 95% of maximum yield. Scale thickness increased significantly (P<0.05) and glucose and fructose concentrations decreased significantly (P<0.05) at 2 sites as the rate of applied N increased. Soluble solids and dry matter of bulbs were not affected by N. Bulb size increased as the rate of applied N increased, however, the magnitude of the effect varied between sites. Number of days to 10% sprouting during storage at 15 � 0.5�C was significantly increased as the rate of applied N increased up to 40 kg N/ha at 2 sites. We have concluded that for the cv. Cream Gold grown on siliceous sands, the high rates of fertiliser N required to maximise marketable yield and bulb size were not detrimental to quality.

Lachrymatory Factor and Other Chemical Constituents of Some Varieties of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

1979 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Bajaj ◽  
Gurdeep Kaur ◽  
Jarnail Singh ◽  
S.P.S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Lachrymatory Factor

RESPONSE OF ONION (Allium cepa) TO OXYFLUORFEN DURING EARLY SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. AKEY ◽  
V. SOUZA MACHADO
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Early Seedling Development

The response of onion (Allium cepa L.) to postemergence applications of oxyfluorfen during early seedling development was measured in growth room experiments. Tolerance to oxyfluorfen increased more than 70-fold from the late loop to the two fully developed leaf stage. Field and growth room experiments were also conducted to determine the relationship of spray retention and epicuticular wax on the tolerance of onion seedlings to the herbicide. In general, there was a progressive decrease in spray retention and a corresponding increase in epicuticular wax per unit dry weight as plant age increased. Spray retention in the field was approximately twice as great as in the growth room. The amount of epicuticular wax on the leaf surfaces of the onions was about equivalent under the two growing conditions. A significant decrease in epicuticular wax per unit dry weight between the late one-leaf and late two-leaf stages occurred under both field and growth room conditions, while tolerance to the herbicide continued to increase during the same period.Key words: Onions, oxyfluorfen, ED50, spray retention, epicuticular wax

scholarly journals Effect of cultural practices on quality and yield of onion (Allium cepa L. Var. Safid e Paisaye)

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Hamid Salari ◽  
B.S. Hansra ◽  
Yashpal Singh Saharwat
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is among the most cultivated vegetable crops in the world. Afghanistan is thought to be the origin as several local and wild varieties are found in different parts of the country. Safid e Paisaye is a local variety grown in central parts of Afghanistan in the Ghorband valley. This variety has long storability and high market demand among restaurants in the region, but little research has been done to increase the quality and its availability to the market to increase its market share in Afghanistan. Conducted under supervision of Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India, at Agriculture Faculty Research Farm of Kabul University, this investigation looks at plough depth, land preparation methods, and planting date on quality and yield of onion bulb; it also studied other cultural practices including irrigation and fertilization dose and frequency. The parameters studied in this investigation include neck diameter (cm), bulb diameter (cm), neck to bulb ratio, bulb weight (gr), bulb volume (cm3), bulb density (gr/cm3), Total Soluble Solids (TSS) (Brix), firmness (Kg/cm2), marketable yield (MT/Ha), and total yield (MT/Ha). The data revealed that planting date has significant influence on bulb quality and yield of onion. The highest bulb diameter (6.95 cm), bulb weight (121 gr), bulb volume (128 cm3), marketable yield (32.54 MT/Ha), and total yield (34.24 MT/Ha) and the lowest neck to bulb ratio (0.04) were recorded for the first planting date (seed sown in nursery on 10 March - seedlings planted in field on 10 May). Land ...

scholarly journals Growth parameters and yield attributing characters of PR-118 (V1) and PR-116 (V2) varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) as influenced by different planting methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 755-762
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
L. K. Dhaliwal
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Planting Method

Field experiments were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab) to study the effect of different agronomic aspects of bed planting on growth and yield of rice during Kharif seasons of 2012 and 2013. The 30 days old seedlings of both rice varieties PR-118 (V1) and PR-116 (V2) were transplanted on 15th June (D1), 30th June (D2) and 15th July (D3). The two rice varieties were transplanted under bed planting (M1) and conventional planting (M2) methods respectively. The results showed that growth parameters like number of tillers per plant, dry weight per plant leaf area index (LAI) and plant height were significantly higher in bed planting than conventional method. In bed planting method, grain yield of rice (48.82q/h) was found to be more than the conventional method (35.74 q/h) during 2012.Varieties PR-118 yielded 47.61q/h more than PR-116 (39.97 q/h) in bed planting. Yield contributing characters like number of effective tillers, number of grains per plant and 1000-grain weight of rice were more in bed planting than conventional method. Harvest index and biological yield was also found to be more in bed planting method than conventional planting. Rice transplanted on 15th June yielded (50.15q/h) more than 30th June (41.45q/h) and 15th July (35.27q/h). Similar results were found in Kharif 2013. Interaction between dates of transplanting and varieties and between varieties and planting methods were found significant.

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