scholarly journals Biochar Improves Root Growth of Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. Container Seedlings

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Fangyuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sapium Sebiferum ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Root Growth And Development

Background: The faulty development of the root system is a major threat that affects the survival rate of container seedlings of Sapium sebiferum in the transplanting and reforestation processes. The current study was conducted to determine the impact of biochar on the root growth and development of S. sebiferum container seedlings. Methods: Varied concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) of straw and bamboo biochar were applied in six groups, whereas the control group (CK) was only treated with matrix. Results: The treatment with 3% straw biochar (C2) proved to be the most effective soil conditioner for cultivating S. sebiferum seedlings. Moreover, C2 increased seedling height (58.92%); ground diameter (33.86%, biomass of the over-ground part (12.73 g), the underground part (7.48 g), and the fibrous part (0.076 g) compared to the CK (control). Conclusions: Biochar not only improved the root morphology by developing primary lateral roots, but it also accelerated the assimilation of N from the matrix to indirectly facilitate stem growth through enhancing NR activity. The change in root growth strategy contributed to the growth in S. sebiferum seedlings, thereby improving the survival rate during transplanting and reforestation.

scholarly journals Effect of microencapsulation on Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii viability in the gastrointestinal tract and level of some blood biochemical factors in wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Ghorbani-Choboghlo ◽  
Donya Nikaein ◽  
Ali-Reza Khosravi ◽  
Reza Rahmani ◽  
Zohreh Farahnejad
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT     Background and Objectives: Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in an adequate amount, confer a health benefit on the host through the gut. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a widespread yeast found in nature. This microor- ganism has been used as a probiotic agent in recent years. In this study, the effect of microencapsulation on survival rate of S. cerevisiae var. boulardii in the simulated gastrointestinal tract medium and the impact of microencapsulated S. cerevisiae var. boulardii on some serum biochemical factors in a rat model was evaluated. Materials and Methods: 30 male wistar rats were divided into three groups (control, rats receiving microencapsulated S. cerevisiae var. boulardii, and rats receiving S. cerevisiae var. boulardii alone). The probiotic was gavaged at a dosage of 2 gr/ kg BW for 8 weeks. Blood was collected from rats at the end of the treatment period and biochemical factors were measured using Mancompany kits. Results: The results showed a significant increase in viability of microencapsulated S. cerevisiae var. boulardii in compar- ison with free S. cerevisiae var. boulardii (p<0.05). Weight of rats in probiotic treated groups was significantly higher in comparison with the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, probiotic treatment reduced mean levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, free blood sugar and liver enzymes in rats. Conclusion: Microencapsulation could increase the survival rate of yeast probiotics in the gastrointestinal tract; however, more studies are needed for better understanding of the exact effect of microencapsulation on probiotics’ function.

scholarly journals Study and optimization of freeze-drying cycles of a model probiotic strain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Verlhac ◽  
Séverine Vessot-Crastes ◽  
Ghania Degobert ◽  
Claudia Cogné ◽  
Julien Andrieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Porous Matrix ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

This work is based on the experimental study of the freeze-drying process to understand the impact of numerous factors on the survival rates of a model probiotic strain of Lactobacillus casei type. With the aim to find out if cell density in the matrix and survival rates are linked, we have studied the location of the cells after freeze drying inside a porous  matrix composed of a lactose basis with a polymer, the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in various amounts. The best survival rate were obtained at slow freezing rate for a formulation containing 5% (m/V) of lactose and 5% (m/V) of PVP. Keywords: Freeze-Drying; Freezing; Probiotics; L. Casei ATCC 393 

The key players of the primary root growth and development also function in lateral roots in Arabidopsis

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyu Tian ◽  
Yuebin Jia ◽  
Tiantian Niu ◽  
Qianqian Yu ◽  
Zhaojun Ding
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Primary Root Growth ◽  
Root Growth And Development

scholarly journals Long term clinical outcome after self-expandable nitinol stent implantation for femoropopliteal occlusive disease in hemodialysis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ito ◽  
S Oshima ◽  
H Ishii ◽  
H Takahashi ◽  
N Umemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Limb Salvage ◽  
Occlusive Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Limb Salvage Rate ◽  
Nitinol Stent ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Salvage Rate

Abstract Background Endovascular therapy (EVT) using self-expandable bare nitinol stent (BNS) has been commonly accepted in patients with symptomatic femoropopliteal (FP) occlusive disease. However, poor clinical outcomes in hemodialysis (HD) patients are major problems. We investigated the impact of HD on clinical outcome after EVT in patients with FP disease. Methods A total of 427 consecutive HD patients undergoing successful EVT with BNS for FP disease were enrolled with 157 non-HD patients as a control group. They were followed-up for 5 years. We collected data on target lesion revascularization (TLR) rate, and limb salvage rate as well as survival rate. Propensity-score matching analysis was performed to investigate the true impact of HD on the outcome. Results Critical limb ischemia was observed in 44.0% of overall population (43.0% in HD group vs. 46.8% in non-HD group, p=0.42). Rates of diabetes (67.1% vs. 58.1%, p=0.045) and coronary artery disease (73.5% vs. 58.3%, p=0.0008) were higher, while age (70±10 years old vs. 76±10 years old, p&lt;0.0001) and TASC2 C/D lesion (27.9% vs. 44.6%, p=0.0002) were lower in HD group compared to non-HD group. Pre-procedural C-reactive protein level (0.4mg/l vs. 0.3mg/l, p=0.045) was higher and serum albumin level (3.6g/dl vs. 3.8g/dl, p=0.0045) was lower in HD group than those in non-HD group. The freedom rate from TLR at 5 years was significantly lower in HD group than in non-HD group [47.2% vs. 65.2%, hazard ratio (HR) 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23–2.64, p=0.0017]. The limb salvage rate was comparable between the groups (93.3% vs. 97.1%, HR 1.57, 95% CI 0.58–5.47, p=0.41), while the survival rate was significantly lower in HD group compared to non-HD group (60.6% vs. 86.0%, HR 2.53, 95% CI 1.56–4.36, p=0.0002). After propensity-score analysis, 250 patients (125 in each group) were matched without any difference of clinical characteristics in both groups. In the matched cohort, the freedom rate from TLR was still lower in HD group compared to non-HD group (46.7% vs. 66.6%, HR 2.25, 95% CI 1.35–3.87, p=0.0019). The adjusted limb salvage rate was consistently similar between the groups (95.4% vs. 97.3%, HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.20–5.94, p=0.91). Also, the adjusted survival rate was lower in HD group than in non-HD group (47.6% vs. 89.9%, HR 3.60, 95% CI 1.89–7.44, p&lt;0.0001). Conclusion The freedom rate from TLR at 5 years after BNS implantation for FP disease were significantly lower in HD group than in non-HD group, though the limb salvage rate was similar between the groups. The survival rate was consistently lower in HD group compared to non-HD group. HD status had a great impact on TLR and mortality after EVT with BNS in patients with FP disease. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Tree Root Growth and Development. I. Form, Spread, Depth and Periodicity

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward F. Gilman
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Root Growth And Development

Abstract Root form is governed by seedling genetics and soil characteristics including texture, compaction, depth to the water table, fertility, moisture content and other factors. Trees develop lateral roots growing parallel to the surface of the soil. These are generally located in the top 30 cm (12 in) of soil. Fine roots emerge from lateral roots and grow into the soil close to the surface. If soil conditions permit, some trees grow tap and other vertically oriented roots capable of penetrating several feet into the soil. Many trees, particularly those planted in urban landscapes, do not generate tap roots. Lateral roots spread to well beyond the edge of the branches. Their growth in governed by competition from other plants, available water, soil temperature, fertility, stage of shoot growth and other factors.

scholarly journals Long term (five-year) survival following radical surgical treatment plus adjuvant chemotherapy (FAM) in advanced gastric cancer: a controlled study

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Bresciani ◽  
Joaquim Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
Victor Strassmann ◽  
Dan L. Waitzberg ◽  
Mitsunori Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Tnm Classification ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Hematological Toxicity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Several drugs and their associations are being used for adjuvant or complementary chemotherapy with the aim of improving results of gastric cancer treatment. The objective of this study was to verify the impact of these drugs on nutrition and on survival rate after radical treatment of 53 patients with gastric cancer in stage III of the TNM classification. A control group including 28 patients who had only undergone radical resection was compared to a group of 25 patients who underwent the same operative technique followed by adjuvant polychemotherapy with FAM (5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and mitomycin C). In this latter group, chemotherapy toxicity in relation to hepatic, renal, cardiologic, neurological, hematologic, gastrointestinal, and dermatological functions was also studied. There was no significant difference on admission between both groups in relation to gender, race, macroscopic tumoral type of tumor according to the Borrmann classification, location of the tumor in the stomach, length of the gastric resection, or response to cutaneous tests on delayed sensitivity. Chemotherapy was started on average, 2.3 months following surgical treatment. Clinical and laboratory follow-up of all patients continued for 5 years. The following conclusions were reached: 1) The nutritional status and incidence of gastrointestinal manifestation were similar in both groups; 2) There was no occurrence of cardiac, renal, neurological, or hepatic toxicity or death due to the chemotherapeutic method per se; 3) Dermatological alterations and hematological toxicity occurred exclusively in patients who underwent polychemotherapy; 4) There was no significant difference between the rate and site of tumoral recurrence, the disease-free interval, or the survival rate of both study groups; 5) Therefore, we concluded, after a 5-year follow-up, chemotherapy with the FAM regimen did not increase the survival rate.

scholarly journals Early Treatment of Interleukin-33 Can Attenuate Lupus Development in Young NZB/W F1 Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatin Nurizzati Mohd Jaya ◽  
Zhongyi Liu ◽  
Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Interleukin 33 ◽  
Dsdna Antibody ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dsdna Antibodies

Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family has been recently associated with the development of autoimmune diseases, including SLE. IL-33 is an alarmin and a pleiotropic cytokine that affects various types of immune cells via binding to its receptor, ST2. In this study, we determine the impact of intraperitoneal IL-33 treatments in young lupus, NZB/W F1 mice. Mice were treated from the age of 6 to 11 weeks. We then assessed the proteinuria level, renal damage, survival rate, and anti-dsDNA antibodies. The induction of regulatory B (Breg) cells and changes in gene expression were also examined. In comparison to the control group, young NZB/W F1 mice administered with IL-33 had a better survival rate as well as reduced proteinuria level and lupus nephritis. IL-33 treatments significantly induced IgM anti-dsDNA antibody, IL-10 expressing Breg cells, and alternatively induced M2 macrophage gene signatures. These results imply that IL-33 exhibit regulatory roles during lupus onset via the expansion of protective IgM anti-dsDNA as well as regulatory cells such as Bregs and M2 macrophages.

scholarly journals Early Treatment of Interleukin-33 can Attenuate Lupus Development in Young NZB/W F1 Mice

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2448
Author(s):  
Fatin Nurizzati Mohd Jaya ◽  
Zhongyi Liu ◽  
Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Interleukin 33 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dsdna Antibodies

Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, has been recently associated with the development of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IL-33 is an alarmin and a pleiotropic cytokine that affects various types of immune cells via binding to its receptor, ST2. In this study, we determine the impact of intraperitoneal IL-33 treatments in young lupus, NZB/W F1 mice. Mice were treated from the age of 6 to 11 weeks. We then assessed the proteinuria level, renal damage, survival rate, and anti-dsDNA antibodies. The induction of regulatory B (Breg) cells, changes in the level of autoantibodies, and gene expression were also examined. In comparison to the control group, young NZB/W F1 mice administered with IL-33 had a better survival rate as well as reduced proteinuria level and lupus nephritis. IL-33 treatments significantly increased the level of IgM anti-dsDNA antibodies, IL-10 expressing Breg cells, and alternatively-induced M2 macrophage gene signatures. These results imply that IL-33 exhibits a regulatory role during lupus onset via the expansion of protective IgM anti-dsDNA as well as regulatory cells such as Breg cells and M2 macrophages.

Regulatory long non-coding RNAs in root growth and development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Roulé ◽  
Martin Crespi ◽  
Thomas Blein
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Root Growth And Development

As sessile organisms, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms of gene regulation to cope with changing environments. Among them, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNAs regulating gene expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. They are highly responsive to environmental cues or developmental processes and are generally involved in fine-tuning plant responses to these signals. Roots, in addition to anchoring the plant to the soil, allow it to absorb the major part of its mineral nutrients and water. Furthermore, roots directly sense environmental constraints such as mineral nutrient availability and abiotic or biotic stresses and dynamically adapt their growth and architecture. Here, we review the role of lncRNAs in the control of root growth and development. In particular, we highlight their action in fine-tuning primary root growth and the development of root lateral organs, such as lateral roots and symbiotic nodules. Lastly, we report their involvement in plant response to stresses and the regulation of nutrient assimilation and homeostasis, two processes leading to the modification of root architecture. LncRNAs could become interesting targets in plant breeding programs to subtly acclimate crops to coming environmental changes.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KADMIUM TERHADAP TINGKAT KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP DAN KERUSAKAN STRUKTUR INSANG DAN HEPATOPANKREAS PADA UDANG REGANG [Macrobrachium sintangense (de Man)]

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Agoes Soegianto ◽  
Nia Adiani Primarastri ◽  
Dwi Winarni
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
De Man ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research was to find out the impact of cadmium on the structure of gills, hepatopancreas and on survival of shrimp. The shrimp was divided into four groups. Group I (control) was exposed to 0 ppb of cadmium, group II exposed to10 ppb of Cd, group III exposed to 20 ppb of Cd and group IV exposed to 30 ppb of Cd. Three replications were applied in each treatment. Survival rate data were collected everyday, and every two days the water was substituted with new water. The experiment was stoped when 50 percent of shrimps dead. The rest of shrimps were prepared for histological study. All data were subjected on Kolmogorov-Smirnov (distribution test) then continued with ANOVA test and Kruscal-Wallis tests. The result of this experiment showed that structural damage on gills and hepatopancreas increase with increasing cadmium concentration in medium. The lamella of shrimp from control group did not show hyperplasia and necrosis; in second group: 24.02 percent of lamella showed hyperplasia, 2.77 percent necrosis and 28.02 percent vacuolization; third group: 70.01 percent of lamella showed hyperplasia, 20.60 percent necrosis and 48.79 percent vacuolization; fourth group: 32.60 percent of lamella demonstrated hyperplasia, 57.35 percent necrosis and 97.50 percent vacuolization. Increasing the structural damage of gills and hepatopancreas, it cause the decrease on survival rate of shrimp.

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