scholarly journals Association of Rs339939442 in the AHR Gene with Litter Size are Inconsistent among Chinese Indigenous Pigs and Western Commercial Pigs

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Ruihua Huang ◽  
Xiang Ma ◽  
Nengjing Jiang ◽  
Wuduo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Southern Chinese ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Causal Mutation ◽  
Ahr Gene

Eastern and Southern Chinese pigs have been imported to Western countries to improve economic traits including fertility in Western pig breeds by intensive selecting Chinese advantage genes. It was reported that the selected Asian-derived non-synonymous mutations including rs339939442 (G > T) in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) gene could increase litter size in multiple European commercial lines. The objective of this study is to identify whether rs339939442 in the AHR gene is polymorphic and has an influence on the litter size in 10 pig populations including five Chinese indigenous breeds, one cultivated breed, one lean-type breed, two North American lean-type breeds, and one European lean-type breed. We found that rs339939442 had polymorphism in all 10 populations, whereas rs339939442 was associated with litter size only in French Yorkshire (FRA-Y) and Chinese cultivated Suhuai (SH) pigs containing approximately 75% British Yorkshire pigs ancestry. Our results indicated that rs339939442 in the AHR gene was a potential marker to improve litter size in European commercial lines and the pigs containing ancestries of European commercial lines, whereas this locus maybe not a causal mutation affecting the litter size but only in linkage disequilibrium with the causal mutation for litter size.

scholarly journals Polymorphism Detection of GDF9 Gene and Its Association with Litter Size in Luzhong Mutton Sheep (Ovis aries)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Fengyan Wang ◽  
Mingxing Chu ◽  
Linxiang Pan ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Gdf9 Gene

Litter size is one of the most important economic traits in sheep. GDF9 and BMPR1B are major genes affecting the litter size of sheep. In this study, the whole coding region of GDF9 was sequenced and all the SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) were determined in Luzhong mutton ewes. The FecB mutation was genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY®SNP assay technology. Then, the association analyses between polymorphic loci of GDF9 gene, FecB, and litter size were performed using a general linear model procedure. The results showed that eight SNPs were detected in GDF9 of Luzhong mutton sheep, including one novel mutation (g.41769606 T > G). The g.41768501A > G, g.41768485 G > A in GDF9 and FecB were significantly associated with litter size in Luzhong mutton ewes. The g.41768485 G > A is a missense mutation in the mature GDF9 protein region and is predicted to affect the tertiary structure of the protein. The results preliminarily demonstrated that GDF9 was a major gene affecting the fecundity of Luzhong mutton sheep and the two loci g.41768501A > G and g.41768485 G > A may be potential genetic markers for improving litter size.

scholarly journals AHR-dependent genes and response to MTX therapy in rheumatoid arthritis patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wajda ◽  
Ewa Walczuk ◽  
Barbara Stypińska ◽  
Jakub Lach ◽  
Danat Yermakovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
First Line ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Ahr Gene

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) is the first-line therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Nevertheless, MTX resistance is quite a common issue in clinical practice. There are some premises that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) gene battery may take part in MTX metabolism. In the present retrospective study, we analyzed genes expression of AHR genes battery associated with MTX metabolism in whole blood of RA patients with good and poor response to MTX treatment. Additionally, sequencing, genotyping and bioinformatics analysis of AHR repressor gene (AHRR) c.565C > G (rs2292596) and c.1933G > C (rs34453673) have been performed. Theoretically, both changes may have an impact on H3K36me3 and H3K27me3. Evolutionary analysis revealed that rs2292596 may be possibly damaging. Allele G in rs2292596 and DAS28 seems to be associated with a higher risk of poor response to MTX treatment in RA. RA patients with poor response to MTX treatment revealed upregulated AhR and SLC19A1 mRNA level. Treatment with IL-6 inhibitor may be helpful to overcome the low-dose MTX resistance. Analysis of gene expression revealed possible another cause of poor response to MTX treatment which is different from that observed in the case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Estimates Of Genetic Parameters For Economic Traits In West African Dwarf Goat

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
I. K. Odubote ◽  
J. O. Akinokun
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
West African ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
West African Dwarf Goat ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Size At Birth ◽  
Birth Body Weight

Records of 848 West African Dwarf goat kids and 220 kiddings over a period of eight years (1982-1989) were analysed. The records were used to provide heritability and repeatability estimates for litter size at birth, kidding interval (repeatability estimate alone) and body weight at birth, weaning, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 1 year of age. Heritability estimates of 0.28±0.005, 0.18±0.003, 0.14±0.003, 0.29±0.005, 0.11±0.003 and 0.17±0.004 were obtained for litter size at birth, body weight at birth, and at weaning, 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months of age respectively. Corresponding repeatability estimates were slightly higher than the heritability estimates. However, repeatability estimates of 0.04±0.030 was obtained for kidding interval.

scholarly journals A putative role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) gene in a patient with cyclical Cushing’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita M. C. De Sousa ◽  
Jim Manavis ◽  
Jinghua Feng ◽  
Paul Wang ◽  
Andreas W. Schreiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Ahr Gene ◽  
Cyclical Cushing’S Disease

Genetic Variations of the AHR Gene Encoding Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in a Japanese Population

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Fukushima-Uesaka ◽  
Kimie Sai ◽  
Keiko Maekawa ◽  
Satoru Koyano ◽  
Nahoko Kaniwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Japanese Population ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Ahr Gene

A comparative Study of Regularized Regression Approaches using R: Application to SNP and Litter Size of Yorkshire Pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Minsu Park ◽  
◽  
Tae-Hun Kim ◽  
Eun-Seok Cho ◽  
Heebal Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Regularized Regression ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs

The effects of halothane susceptibility on some economically important traits in pigs 1. Litter productivity

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Carden ◽  
W. G. Hill ◽  
A. J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimates ◽  
Halothane Anaesthesia ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Apparent Influence

ABSTRACTThe effects of susceptibility to halothane anaesthesia on litter productivity were investigated by comparing susceptible and normal females in two sets of data. The first comprised 206 litters from the first five generations of Pietrain/Hampshire synthetic lines selected for and against halothane susceptibility. Susceptible and normal females were mated to boars of their own type. The second data set consisted of 93 litters from the same susceptible and normal females mated to normal boars. Compared with normal contemporaries, litter sizes of susceptible females were reduced by 1·16 (s.e. 0·40) piglets at birth, and 1-76 (s.e. 0·41) at weaning (ca. 1 weeks). Maximum likelihood estimates of the proportions of piglet deaths from birth to weaning as a trait of susceptible v. normal dams were 0·32 v. 014 (P < 0·001). There were no significant differences in piglet weights or perinatal mortality, and no apparent influence of piglet genotype on any trait. The lower litter size of susceptible females at weaning appeared to result from reductions in both numbers born and survival to weaning. The study bears out previous reports of a reduction in litter productivity due to the halothane gene. However, the present differences could have arisen largely from random genetic differentiation between lines, or linkage disequilibrium in the synthetic foundation population.

scholarly journals Genome-wide scans for detecting the selection signature of the Jeju-island native pig in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-546
Author(s):  
Young-Sup Lee ◽  
Donghyun Shin ◽  
Kyeong-Hye Won ◽  
Dae Cheol Kim ◽  
Sang Chul Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Jeju Island ◽  
Selection Signatures ◽  
Selection Signature ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Gene Ontologies

Objective: The Jeju native pig (JNP) found on the Jeju Island of Korea is a unique black pig known for high-quality meat. To investigate the genetic uniqueness of JNP, we analyzed the selection signature of the JNP in comparison to commercial pigs such as Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs.Methods: We surveyed the genetic diversity to identify the genetic stability of the JNP, using the linkage disequilibrium method. A selective sweep of the JNP was performed to identify the selection signatures. To do so, the population differentiation measure, Weir-Cockerham’s F<sub>st</sub> was utilized. This statistic directly measures the population differentiation at the variant level. Additionally, we investigated the gene ontologies (GOs) and genetic features.Results: Compared to the Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs, the JNP had lower genetic diversity in terms of linkage disequilibrium decays. We summarized the selection signatures of the JNP as GO. In the JNP and Berkshire pigs, the most enriched GO terms were epithelium development and neuron-related. Considering the JNP and Yorkshire pigs, cellular response to oxygen-containing compound and generation of neurons were the most enriched GO.Conclusion: The selection signatures of the JNP were identified through the population differentiation statistic. The genes with possible selection signatures are expected to play a role in JNP’s unique pork quality.

scholarly journals AhR Antagonist Promotes Differentiation of Papillary Thyroid Cancer via Regulating circSH2B3/miR-4640-5P/IGF2BP2 Axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ri Sa ◽  
Meiliang Guo ◽  
Danyan Liu ◽  
Feng Guan
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
First Time ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Abnormally high expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been implicated in dedifferentiation of radioiodine-refractory papillary thyroid cancer (RR-PTC). This study aimed to evaluate the differentiation effect of AhR antagonist in PTC, and to explore the potential mechanism of it. Results showed that AhR antagonists promoted differentiation of PTC, as shown as increase in 125I uptake and Na/I symporter (NIS) expression level. CircRNA microarray in K1 cells treated with StemRegenin 1(SR1) revealed that hsa_circ_0006741 (circSH2B3) was down-regulated in SR1 treated K1 cells. Downregulation of circSH2B3 increased 125I uptake and NIS expression levels. CircSH2B3 acted as an endogenous sponge of hsa-miR-4640-5p and modulated IGF2BP2 expression. IGF2BP2 overexpression induced dedifferentiation of PTC, while silencing IGF2BP2 accelerated differentiation of PTC cells. Rescue studies showed that the dedifferentiation activity of AhR was modulated by the circSH2B3/miR-4640-5p/IGF2BP2 axis. Our findings confirmed for the first time that AhR antagonists promote differentiation of PTC via inhibiting the circSH2B3/miR-4640-5p/IGF2BP2 axis, offering a novel therapeutic approach and a potential marker for differentiation of PTC.

Estimation of genetic parameters for litter size in Danish Landrace and Yorkshire pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Estany ◽  
D. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Random Models ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Predicted Values

AbstractVariance components for litter size (total number of piglets born) were estimated from Danish purebred Landrace and Yorkshire litters by restricting maximum likelihood. The data were collected from the national Danish breeding programme and consisted of 19 666 litters in Danish Landrace and 29 336 litters in Danish Yorkshire. Four different analyses for litter size were conducted within breed. In the first two, genetic groups were included in the model in order to account for the importation of animals from other countries; in the other two, genetic groups were removed from the model. Within each case, herd-year-type of insemination effects were fitted as fixed (H-fixed models), or herd-year-season-type of insemination effects were fitted as random (H-random models). Estimates of heritability ranged from about 0·11 to 0·14 in Landrace and from 0·10 to 0·11 in Yorkshire. Variance due to herd-year-season-type of insemination ranged from 0·029 to 0·041 of total variance, values somewhat lower than those obtained for non-genetic permanent effects. In order to compare the four models, data were divided into different subsets, and records from one subset were predicted using parameters estimated from the other subset. Both the correlation between observed and predicted values, and the mean squared error of prediction indicated that predictive ability was higher in the case of H-random models. There was no evidence that genetic groups improved the predictive ability for litter size. However, group effects affected inferences about genetic trend, particularly in Landrace, where genetic group composition changed consistently over the years.

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