Associations Between IGF1, IGFBP2 and TGFß3 Genes Polymorphisms and Growth Performance of Broiler Chicken Lines

Marker-assisted selection based on fast and accurate molecular analysis of individual genes is considered an acceptable tool in the speed-up of the genetic improvement of production performance in chickens. The objective of this study was to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IGF1, IGFBP2 and TGFß3 genes, and to investigate their associations with growth performance (body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) at 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of age) and carcass traits in broilers. Performance (carcass) data (weight before slaughter; weights of the trunk, giblets, abdominal fat, breast muscle and thigh muscle; slaughter value and slaughter percentage), as well as blood samples for DNA extraction and SNP analysis, were obtained from 97 chickens belonging to two different lines (Hubbard F15 and Cobb E) equally divided between the two sexes. The genotypes were detected using polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods with specific primers and restrictase for each gene. The statistical analysis discovered significant associations (p < 0.05) between the TGFβ3 SNP and the following parameters: BW at 21, 28 and 35 days, trunk weight and slaughter value. Association analysis of BWs (at 21, 28 and 35 days) and SNPs was always significant for codominant, dominant and overdominant genetic models, showing a possible path for genomic selection in these chicken lines. Slaughter value was significant for codominant, recessive and overdominant patterns, whereas other carcass traits were not influenced by SNPs. Based on the results of this study, we suggested that the TGFβ3 gene could be used as a candidate gene marker for chicken growth traits in the Hubbard F15 and Cobb E population selection programs, whereas for carcass traits further investigation is needed.

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Impact of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance, feed intake, and carcass traits of finishing steers

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txz109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 1162-1172

Author(s):

Tassilo Brand ◽

Martin Hünerberg ◽

Tim A McAllister ◽

Maolong He ◽

Atef M Saleem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Mineral Supplement ◽

Liver Abscesses ◽

Finishing Steers

Abstact: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a phytogenic feed additive (Digestarom [DA]; Biomin, Getzersdorf, Austria) on growth performance, feed intake, carcass traits, fatty acid composition, and liver abscesses of finishing steers. One hundred twenty Angus × Charolais crossbred steers (488 ± 26.5 kg) were used in a 110-d feeding experiment. Steers were blocked by weight and randomly assigned to 12 pens with 10 steers per pen. Each pen was allocated to one of three diets. Each diet contained 86.5% barley, 10.0% barley silage, and 3.5% vitamin and mineral supplement on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets contained 0, 0.05, and 0.1 g DA/kg complete diet (DM basis), to achieve average daily DA intakes of 0 (control), 0.5 (LowDA), and 1.0 g (HighDA) per steer. Diets were prepared once daily and provided ad libitum. Two pens per treatment were equipped to record individual feed intake behavior. Steers were weighed every 28 d and carcass traits and liver scores were recorded at slaughter. Dry matter intake (average: 9.34 kg/d) did not differ (P > 0.05) among diets. Average daily gain tended to increase linearly as DA increased (control: 1.82; LowDA: 1.87; and HighDA: 1.95 kg/d; P < 0.09), but gain:feed ratio was not affected. Supplementation of DA affected longissimus muscle area quadratically (P = 0.05) with the largest area observed for LowDA. However, dressing percentage decreased linearly in response to increasing level of DA (P < 0.01). Total abscessed livers were not affected, whereas proportion of severe liver abscesses was numerically lower with DA (30.8% and 42.5% for LowDA and HighDA) compared to the control (50%).

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Growth Performance of Philippine Native Chicken Fed Diet Supplemented with Varying Levels of Madre de Agua (Trichanthera gigantea Nees) Leaf Meal

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr38115.2016 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 174-182

Author(s):

Clarita Morbos ◽

Dinah Espina

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Leaf Meal ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Commercial Chicken ◽

Confinement System ◽

Native Chickens

This study aimed to assess the effects of different levels of Trichanthera gigantea leaf meal (TGLM) supplementation on the growth performance of Philippine Native chickens fed commercial chicken grower ration. A total of 96 three-month old native chickens of two sexes were randomly distributed to the four treatments with 3 replicates and 4 chickens per replicate in a 2 x 4 factorial in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Under semi-confinement system, the dietary treatments consisted of 0, 5, 10, and 15% levels of TGLM supplementation for 13 weeks. Results revealed that cumulative voluntary feed intake (VFI) increased as TGLM supplementation increased, and was significantly highest with 15% level at weeks 10, 11 and 12. Although differences were not significant except at weeks 4 and 7, there was a decreasing trend in cumulative weight gain (CWG) with increasing TGLM level. Average daily gain (ADG) was not significantly affected by varying levels of TGLM supplementation, and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) showed a decreasing trend as TGLM level increased and was only significantly low (p<0.01) with 15% level at week 7. Comparing between sexes, the males were significantly higher than females in all production performance parameters. Therefore, TGLM is palatable but not adequate enough to supply the nutrients needed for a comparable weight gain with that of 0% supplementation, and a 5 10% inclusion in the diet is recommended.

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Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LFB112 on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Immune, and Serum Biochemical Response in Broiler Chickens

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10111427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1427

Author(s):

Marhaba Ahmat ◽

Junhao Cheng ◽

Zaheer Abbas ◽

Qiang Cheng ◽

Zhen Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Vegetative Cells ◽

Serum Biochemical

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LFB112 on the growth performance, carcass traits, immune response, and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 396 1 day old, mixed-sex commercial Ross 308 broilers with similar body weights were allotted into six treatment groups. The assigned groups were the CON group (basal diet with no supplement), AB (antibiotics) group (basal diet + 150 mg of aureomycin/kg), C+M group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 powder with vegetative cells + metabolites), C group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 vegetative cell powder with removed metabolites), M group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 metabolite powder with removed vegetative cells), and CICC group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis CICC 20179). Results indicated that chickens in the C+M, C, and M groups had higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.05) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p = 0.02) compared to the CON group. The C+M group showed the lowest abdominal fat rate compared to those in the CON, AB, and CICC groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the CON group, serum IgA and IgG levels in the C+M, C, and M groups significantly increased while declining in the AB group (p < 0.05). B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 supplementation significantly reduced the serum triglyceride, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine levels, while increasing the serum glucose and total protein (p < 0.05). In conclusion, B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 significantly improved the growth performance, carcass traits, immunity, and blood chemical indices of broiler chickens and may be used as an efficient broiler feed supplement.

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Evaluation of hybrid rye on growth performance, carcass traits, and efficiency of net energy utilization in finishing steers

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txaa173 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Warren C Rusche ◽

Julie Ann Walker ◽

Peter Sexton ◽

Rebecca S Brattain ◽

Zachary K Smith

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Net Energy ◽

Complete Replacement ◽

Finishing Steers ◽

Hybrid Rye

Abstract Crossbred beef steers with a high percentage of Angus ancestry [n = 240, initial shrunk body weight (BW), 404 ± 18.5 kg] were used in a 117-d feedlot experiment to evaluate the effect of hybrid rye (Rye; KWS Cereals USA, LLC, Champaign, IL) as a replacement for dry-rolled corn (DRC) on growth performance, carcass traits, and comparative net energy (NE) value in diets fed to finishing steers. Rye from a single hybrid (KWS Bono) with an ergot alkaloid concentration of 392 ppb was processed with a roller mill to a processing index (PI) of 78.8 ± 2.29. Four treatments were used in a completely randomized design (n = 6 pens/treatment; 10 steers/pen), where DRC (PI = 86.9 ± 4.19) was replaced by varying proportions of Rye [DRC:Rye, dry matter (DM) basis (60:0), (40:20), (20:40), and (0:60)]. Liver abscess scores and carcass characteristics were collected at the abattoir. Carcass-adjusted performance was calculated from hot carcass weight (HCW)/0.625. Performance-adjusted NE was calculated using carcass-adjusted average daily gain (ADG), DM intake (DMI), and mean equivalent shrunk BW with the comparative NE values for rye calculated using the replacement technique. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC) with pen as the experimental unit. Treatment effects were tested using linear and quadratic contrasts, as well as between diets with and without Rye. Replacing DRC with Rye linearly decreased (P ≤ 0.01) carcass-adjusted final BW, ADG, DMI, and gain:feed (G:F). Feeding rye linearly decreased HCW and longissimus muscle area (P ≤ 0.04). Distributions of liver scores and USDA grades for quality and yield were unaffected by treatment (P ≥ 0.09). Estimated replacement NE for maintenance (NEm) and gain (NEg) values for rye, when included at 60% of diet DM, were 1.90 and 1.25 Mcal/kg, respectively. Rye can be a suitable feed ingredient in finishing diets for feedlot steers. Estimated replacement values of Rye when fed at 60% of diet DM closely agreed with current tabular standards but, when included at 20% of diet DM, estimated NEm and NEg values of Rye were increased 9.5% and 12.8%, respectively. Net energy value of Rye for gain is approximately 84% compared to DRC; thus, the complete replacement of DRC with Rye depressed DMI, ADG, G:F, and carcass weight.

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Identification of MC4R gene and its association with body weight and body size in Kebumen Ongole Grade cattle

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.43.2.87-93 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

D. Maharani ◽

A. Fathoni ◽

S. Sumadi ◽

T. Hartatik ◽

M. Khusnudin

Keyword(s):

Body Length ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Growth Trait ◽

Chest Circumference ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Chi Square ◽

Mc4r Gene ◽

Genotype Frequencies

MC4R gene is known as an important candidate gene for the growth trait. The purpose of this research was to identify the MC4R gene in Kebumen Ongole grade cattle and examine its association with growth traits. Data of birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), birth body length (BBL), birth chest circumference (BCC), birth shoulder height (BSH), weaning body length (WBL), weaning chest circumference(WCC), weaning shoulder height (WSH) and average daily gain (ADG) were collected and used for analysis of MC4R gene. Sixty blood samples were collected for DNA isolation and PCR amplification. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) g.1133 C>G was used for genotyping by using PCR-RFLP methods. The frequenciy of G allele (0.59) was greater than C allele (0.41). The highest genotype frequencies have been detected in CG heterozygote animals (0.52) followed by GG (0.33) and CC (0.15) in homozygote animals. The results of Pearson ‘s Chi-square test indicated that the population was not deviate (P>0.05) from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The SNP g. 1133 C>G of MC4R gene indicated affecting high birth body length with GG genotype (P<0.05). In conclusion, the SNP g. 1133 C>G may can be a marker for birth body length of calf selection.

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PSXIV-17 Effects of corn bran plus solubles and corn oil on growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.864 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 436-437

Author(s):

Arquimedes Lima Junior ◽

Murillo A Meschiatti ◽

Vinicius N Gouvêa ◽

Victor Dantas ◽

Daniel Silva Antonelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Finishing Diets

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls fed diets containing, on dietary dry matter basis, different levels of corn wet distillers bran plus solubles (WDBS; 0, 15, 30 or 45%) added with or without corn oil (CO; 0 and 3%). A total of 205 Nellore bulls (390 ± 25 kg initial BW) were blocked by initial body weight, distributed in 40 pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Diets were isonitrogenous and contained 8.5% sugarcane bagasse and 91.5% concentrate (ground corn, soybean meal, pelleted citrus pulp, urea, mineral). The WDBS (FlexyDDG®) and the corn oil were from SJC Bioenergia (Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil). Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS. An interaction between CO × WDBS levels was observed for dry matter intake (DMI; P = 0.032). In diets without CO, increasing levels of WDBS linearly (P = 0.004) reduced the DMI, but in diets containing 3% CO, increasing levels of WDBS quadraticaly affected the DMI (P = 0.002). No effects of CO, WDBSF levels or CO × WDBS levels were observed for final body weight, average daily gain, hot carcass weight and dressing percentage. Feed efficiency tended (P = 0.07) to be greater for bulls fed diets containing CO (0.154 vs. 0.144). Increasing levels of WDBS tended (P = 0.09) to increase the feed efficiency. In summary, increasing levels of WDBS in finishing diets linearly (in diets without CO) or quadratically (in diets with CO) reduces the dry matter intake. Adding CO and WDBS tend to increase feed efficiency.

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Association of IGF1R Polymorphisms with Growth Traits and its Expression Profiles in Different Pig Breeds

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-1231 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Bai ◽

Xin Zhang ◽

Qingyang Zhang ◽

Yufang Liu ◽

Xinxing Dong

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Kinase Domain ◽

Tyrosine Kinase Domain ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Pig Breeds

Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is one component of insulin-like growth factor system, which has biological functions of growth traits. The aim of this study is to investigate the entire exons of IGF1R in the three commercial pig breeds, Duroc, Yorkshire and Landrace, to identify novel single nucleotide polymorphisms and their correlation with growth traits. One novel SNP (c.3678C>T) in the exon 20 was detected. This SNP caused the change of amino acid (Ser1217Phe), a portion of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain of IGF1R. At the c.3678C>T site, three genotypes were significantly associated with average daily gain at different growth stage in Yorkshire and Landrace breeds. Meanwhile, we identified the differently expressed pattern of IGF1R in muscle of Yorkshire and Jinhua pigs at different growth stages. Our results provide useful information on understanding the effect of porcine IGF1R gene on growth. The novel IGF1R polymorphism may be useful as molecular markers in pig selection but future studies are required.

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Detection of candidate genes for growth and carcass traits using genome-wide association strategy in Chinese Simmental beef cattle

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an16165 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 224 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Wengang Zhang ◽

Lingyang Xu ◽

Huijiang Gao ◽

Yang Wu ◽

Xue Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Genome Wide Association Study ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Genome Wide Association ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Economic Traits ◽

Cattle Industry ◽

Genome Wide

In Chinese beef cattle industry, there are more than 60 million livestock, nearly half of which are Chinese Simmental beef cattle or Simmental crossbreds. Over the past decades, numerous quantitative trait loci for economic traits in cattle have been identified, while few studies for growth and carcass traits have been reported in Simmental beef cattle. In the present study, we conducted genome-wide association study based on BovineHD BeadChip and identified 41, 15, 3, 22 and 16 single-nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with average daily gain, liveweight before slaughter, carcass weight, dressing percentage and pure meat percentage respectively. In total, 18 candidate genes were found for growth and carcass traits, and four haplotype blocks for growth and carcass traits were discovered. These findings will facilitate detection of major genes and genetic variants involved in growth and carcass traits of beef cattle in further studies.

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Genetic parameters for growth and carcass traits of Japanese Black (Wagyu) cattle

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800054898 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 59-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

T. Oikawa ◽

T. Sanehira ◽

K. Sato ◽

Y. Mizoguchi ◽

H. Yamamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Marbling Score ◽

Data Set ◽

Pooled Data

AbstractRestricted maximum likelihood analyses fitting an animal model were conducted to estimate genetic parameters with a pooled-data set of performance tests (growth traits and food intake) on 661 bulls and progeny tests (growth traits and carcass traits) on 535 steers. Traits studied included concentrate intake (CONC), roughage intake (ROU), TDN conversion (TCNV), TDN intake (TINT) of bulls; rib eye area (REA), marbling score (MARB), dressing proportion (DRES) and subcutaneous fat depth (SCF) of steers. Body weight at start (BWS), body weight at finish (BWF) and average daily gain (ADG) of all animals were measured. Estimated heritabilities were 0·18 (CONC), 0·71 (ROU), 0·11 (TCNV) and 0·36 (TINT); 0·02 (REA), 0·49 (MARB), 0·15 (DRES), 0·15 (SCF), and from 0·20 to 0·38 for growth traits. Genetic correlations of ROU were different from those of CONC, probably due to inconsistent restrictions on concentrate intake; those of TINT with the weights, ADG and SCF were high. MARB showed positive genetic correlations with growth traits and low correlations with TINT and SCF. High potentiality for improvement of marbling score was suggested.

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Effects of low protein diets on growth performance, carcass traits and ammonia emission of barrows and gilts

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an12067 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 146 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

J. Madrid ◽

S. Martínez ◽

C. López ◽

J. Orengo ◽

M. J. López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Control Diet ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Ammonia Emission ◽

Growing Period ◽

Low Protein ◽

Pig Performance ◽

Protein Diets

The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of low protein diets on growth performance, carcass traits and ammonia emission from barrows and gilts during the growing and finishing periods. For each period, three diets were formulated. A control diet (C) with 160 and 155 g crude protein (CP)/kg for the growing and finishing, respectively, a medium level diet (M) and a low level diet (L) with 10 and 20 g CP/kg less than the C, respectively. All the diets were supplemented with crystalline amino acids on an ideal protein basis. Barrows (90) and gilts (90) were sorted by bodyweight and sex and housed in three identical manually ventilated chambers. No significant effects of diet on pig performance were observed. In the finishing period, barrows were heavier (P < 0.001) and had higher average daily gain (P < 0.01) and average daily feed intake (P < 0.01) than gilts. Pigs fed the L diet had higher backfat thickness than those fed the other diets in the growing period (P < 0.05). Backfat thickness was higher (P < 0.01) in barrows than in gilts. Muscle depth decreased in pigs fed the L diet in the finishing period. Muscle depth was not affected (P > 0.05) by sex. Average ammonia emissions during the last 6 days were 117.7, 94.2 and 85.5 mg ammonia/kg pig.day for pigs fed the C, M and L diets, respectively. The results show that a reduction in dietary CP of 10 g/kg, accompanied by supplementation with crystalline amino acid reduced ammonia emission by 19.9% with no detrimental effects on growth performance and carcass characteristics, and a reduction of 20 g/kg reduced ammonia emission by 27.3% with no detrimental effects on growth performance but reduced muscle depth at slaughter.

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