scholarly journals Mannanoligosaccharides as a Carbon Source in Biofloc Boost Dietary Plant Protein and Water Quality, Growth, Immunity and Aeromonas hydrophila Resistance in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa T.Y. Kishawy ◽  
Alaa H. Sewid ◽  
Hend S. Nada ◽  
Mohamed A. Kamel ◽  
Shefaa A.M. El-Mandrawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Total Ammonia

The aim of the present study was to evaluate mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) or glycerol (GLY) as a carbon source on biofloc systems of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) juveniles. Fish (n = 750) were reared in open flow (Controls) or biofloc systems (B-GLY and B-MOS) fed with a plant or fish protein source over a period of twelve weeks. Total ammonia nitrogen and nitrate decreased in the biofloc groups, while biofloc volume increased in B-MOS. Compared to the controls, B-MOS and B-GLY exhibited higher weight gain and improved feed conversion, irrespectively of the diet. Serum level of C-reactive protein was reduced, while IgM and lysozyme activity was higher in the B-MOS fish, compared to other groups. Intestinal Bacillus spp. count was increased, whereas Vibrio, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas spp. counts decreased in B-MOS reared groups, compared to the other groups. The proinflammatory cytokine (IL-8 and IFN-γ) transcript expression was upregulated in B-MOS more than B-GLY reared groups. Compared to the controls, the virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila was decreased in the B-MOS and B-GLY groups. The results indicate several benefits of using MOS as a carbon source in a biofloc Nile tilapia system; a cost benefit analysis is required to assess the economic viability of this.

Cost-effective upgrading of the Arnsberg WWTP by post denitrification with a moving bed system

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
N. Jardin ◽  
L. Rath ◽  
A. Sabin ◽  
F. Schmitt ◽  
D. Thöle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Trickling Filters ◽  
Sludge Hydrolysis ◽  
Effective Integration

On the basis of a cost-benefit analysis it was decided to expand the Arnsberg WWTP by a multistage biological process which allows for cost-effective integration of the existing facilities. Carbon removal will then be accomplished in a high-loaded activated sludge stage for which the existing primary clarifier is to be reconstructed. The existing trickling filters will be used for nitrification during a midterm period and will be replaced later on either by a moving bed system or by new trickling filters. Line 3 of the existing secondary clarifiers will be reconstructed and used for post denitrification in a moving bed system. The carbon needed for denitrification will be provided by means of sludge hydrolysis and the use of an external carbon source.

scholarly journals High levels of total ammonia nitrogen as NH4+ are stressful and harmful to the growth of Nile tilapia juveniles - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v35i4.17291

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Jackes Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Francisco Roberto dos Santos Lima ◽  
Diego Alves do Vale ◽  
Marcelo Vinícius do Carmo e Sá
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Total Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Total Ammonia

scholarly journals Efficiency and Improved Profitability of Insect-Based Aquafeeds for Farming Nile Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus L.)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2599
Author(s):  
Moses N. Wachira ◽  
Isaac M. Osuga ◽  
Jonathan M. Munguti ◽  
Mary K. Ambula ◽  
Sevgan Subramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Cost

In Sub-Saharan Africa, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) make up over 80% of aquaculture production. However, the local aquaculture farmers are restricted by the unavailability and expensive cost of formulated rations. To reduce reliance on the scarce and expensive fishmeal used in fish feeds, alternative insect protein has been successfully utilized in many aquafeeds. However, data on the influence of insect-based feed on the growth and economic benefit of feeding tilapia with the emerging insect-based diet are scanty. This study investigated the effect of partially and completely substituting fishmeal with black soldier fly larval meal (BM) on growth and economic parameters of tilapia. The O. niloticus was fed a standard commercial diet as a control (100% FM; 0% BM), BM33 (67% FM; 33% BM), BM67 (33% FM; 67% BM) and BM100 (0% FM; 100% BM) for 20 weeks in randomly assigned cages mounted in an 800 m2 earthen pond. Results from this study showed that diet type significantly (p < 0.05) affected the feed intake of the fish as well as weight gain. The feed conversion ratio and survival rate of O. niloticus did not vary across the different diets. Fish fed Diet1 had a 15% increase in weight when compared to fish fed the control diet. Return on investment and the cost–benefit ratio was similar across the diets, suggesting that BM is a suitable and cost-equivalent dietary supplement of FM up to 100% in aquafeed for growing tilapia fish in earthen ponds for the market.

scholarly journals COMPORTAMIENTO PRODUCTIVO DE ALEVINOS DE ÓSCAR (Astronotus ocella-tus) EN BIOFLOC CON DIFERENTES RELACIONES CARBONO:NITRÓGENO

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Edisson A. Castillo-Pastuzan ◽  
Marco A. Imués-Figueroa ◽  
Luis F Collazos-Lasso
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Astronotus Ocellatus ◽  
Simple Conversion

Biofloc (TBF) es una nueva técnica utilizada en acuicultura, capaz de reducir los compuestos nitrogenados, remover los desechos producidos por los peces y servir como fuente de alimento, a partir de la adición de una fuente de carbono, manteniendo el control de la relación C:N en el agua. Por lo anterior, se propuso explorar el potencial del biofloc para el cultivo de alevinos de pez óscar (Astronotus ocellatus), utilizando tres tratamientos con tres replicas y 20 alevinos por unidad experimental, sometidos a diferentes relaciones C:N (15:1; 20:1 y 25:1), cada unidad en un acuario de 50 L con suficiente aireación. El peso inicial de los alevinos fue de 1,67±0,37g y talla de 4,50±0,36 cm, recibiendo un alimento comercial con 35% de proteína. Como fuente de carbono se utilizó melaza, adicionada semanalmente para mantener las relaciones C:N teóricas. Se evaluó las variables fisicoquímicas del agua (temperatura, oxigeno, pH, amonio, nitrito, nitrato, alcalinidad y sólidos sedimentables) y productivos de la especie (peso y talla), con cuyos datos se estimó incremento de peso y talla, tasa de crecimiento simple, conversión alimenticia y relación beneficio costo. Los valores de calidad del agua fueron similares en todos los tratamientos. Los resultados demuestran que el BFT puede reducir eficientemente los compuestos nitrogenados en todas las relaciones probadas, siendo las menores concentraciones en la relación 25:1. En cuanto a variables productivas, se encontró diferencias significativas (p<0,05), sugiriendo que la relación 20:1 provee la mejor supervivencia (98,3%), conversión alimenticia (2,42±4,05), crecimiento en peso (9,78±4,80) y tasa de crecimiento simple (1,22±0,79 quincenal), en comparación con las otras relaciones probadas. De acuerdo con esto, la implementación de nuevas tecnologías amigables con el medio ambiente como el BFT es efectiva y altamente potencial para el control de la calidad del agua en especies con gran potencial acuícola, como el pez óscar. Palabras clave: calidad del agua, especies nativas, nitrificación, pez óscar, acuicultura, compuestos nitrogenados PRODUCTIVE COMPORTMENT FROM ALEVINOS OF OSCAR (Astronotus ocellatus) IN BIOFLOC WITH DIFFERENT RELATIONS CARBON:NITROGENABSTRACT Biofloc (BFT) is a new technique used in aquaculture, able to reduce the nitrogen compounds, remove the wastes produced by the fish and serve as a food source, from the addition of a carbon source, maintaining control of the ratio C: N in the water. Therefore, it was proposed to explore the biofloc potential for ostrich fish (Astronotus ocellatus), using three treatments with three replicates and 20 fingerlings per experimental unit, under different C: N ratios (15:1; 20:1 and 25:1), each unit in a 50 L aquarium with sufficient aeration. The initial weight of the fingerlings was 1.67 ± 0.37 g and a size of 4.50 ± 0.36 cm, receiving a commercial feed with 35% protein. Molasses, added weekly to maintain the theoretical C: N ratios, were used as the carbon source. The physicochemical variables of the water (temperature, oxygen, pH, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, alkalinity and sedimented solids) and productive of the species (weight and height) were evaluated, with data estimating increase in weight and height, growth rate Simple, feed conversion and cost benefit ratio. The water quality values were similar in all treatments. The results show that BFT can efficiently reduce nitrogen compounds in all tested ratios, with the lowest concentrations being in the 25: 1 ratio. In terms of production variables, significant differences (p <0.05) were found, suggesting that the 20: 1 ratio provides the best survival (98.3%), feed conversion (2.42 ± 4.05), growth in Weight ratio (9.78 ± 4.80) and simple growth rate (1.22 ± 0.79 biweekly), compared to the other relationships tested. Accordingly, the implementation of new environmentally friendly technologies such as BFT is effective and highly potential for the control of water quality in species with great aquaculture potential, such as oscar fish.

scholarly journals Grow-out of spiny lobster Panulirus sp. with high stocking density in controlled tanks

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rio Yusufi Subhan ◽  
Eddy Supriyono ◽  
Widanarni, Widanarni ◽  
Daniel Djokosetiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Specific Growth ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Spiny Lobster ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Total Ammonia

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The aim of this research was to determine optimum stocking density for growing-out of spiny lobster <em>Panulirus</em> sp. in controlled tanks that conducted for 30 days. The experimental spiny lobsters have the initial average weight of 130.39 ± 0.32 g and initial average total length of 140.70 ± 0.06 mm. This study used completely randomized design with three different stocking densities (KT<sub>10</sub>: 10 ind/m<sup>3</sup>; KT<sub>18</sub>: 18 ind/m<sup>3</sup>; and KT<sub>26</sub>: 26 ind/m<sup>3</sup>) and two replications. The parameters observed in this study included water quality (temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and total ammonia nitrogen), physiological responses (total haemocyte count, haemolymph glucose, and frequency of molt), and production performances, such as growth, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate. The results showed that the spiny lobster could be reared in high stocking density in controlled tanks. Water quality during the study in each treatment was; temperature 26.56–28.65<sup>o</sup>C, salinity 29.7–33.6 g/L, pH 7.5–8.5, dissolved oxygen 6.15–6.58 mg/L, and total ammonia nitrogen 0.11–0.34 mg/L. The best stocking densities for spiny lobster was 18 ind/m<sup>3</sup> (KT<sub>18</sub>) with 2.5‒3.5×10<sup>6</sup>cells/mL total haemocyte counts, 24.6‒28.3 mg/dL haemolymph glucose, and 38.37 ± 3.20% frequency of molt. The final average body weight and length were 145.06 ± 0.42 g and 142.77 ± 0.19 mm, respectively. The survival rate reached 86.11 ± 3.92% with a specific growth rate 0.35 ± 0.01%/day, and feed conversion ratio 7.87 ± 0.31.</p><p>Keywords: high stocking density, <em>Panulirus</em> sp., physiological responses, productivity.<strong></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kepadatan terbaik dalam pembesaran lobster laut <em>Panulirus </em>sp. yang dipelihara dalam bak terkontrol selama 30 hari. Lobster laut yang digunakan pada awal penelitian memiliki bobot 130,39 ± 0,32 g dan panjang total 140,70 ± 0,06 mm. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan kepadatan berbeda, yaitu: 10 ekor/m<sup>3</sup>(KT<sub>10</sub>), 18 ekor/m<sup>3</sup>(KT<sub>18</sub>), dan 26 ekor/m<sup>3</sup>(KT<sub>26</sub>) dan dua ulangan. Parameter uji yang diamati dalam penelitian ini meliputi kualitas air (suhu, salinitas, pH, DO, dan TAN), respons fisiologis (total hemosit/THC, glukosa hemolim, dan frekuensi pergantian kulit), dan kinerja produksi meliputi pertumbuhan, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, rasio konversi pakan, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lobster laut dapat dibesarkan dengan kepadatan tinggi dalam bak terkontrol. Pengukuran nilai kualitas air pada setiap perlakuan selama pemeliharaan adalah suhu berkisar 26,56–28,65<sup>o</sup>C, salinitas 29,7–33,6 g/L, pH 7,5–8,5, DO antara 6,15–6,58 mg/L dan TAN antara 0,11–034 mg/L. Perlakuan terbaik selama penelitian adalah dengan kepadatan 18 ekor/m<sup>3 </sup>(KT<sub>18</sub>) dengan nilai THC berkisar antara 2,5–3,5×10<sup>6  </sup>sel/mL, glukosa hemolim 24,6–28,3 mg/dL,dan frekuensi pergantian kulit<em> </em>38,37±3,20%. Bobot dan panjang lobster akhir rata-rata pada perlakuan tersebut masing-masing mencapai 145,06 ± 0,42 g, dan 142,77 ± 0,19 mm. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup mencapai 86,11 ± 3,92% dengan laju pertumbuhan spesifik 0,35 ± 0,01%/hari dan rasio konversi pakan selama penelitian adalah 7,87 ± 0,31.</p><p>Kata kunci: padat pemeliharaan, <em>Panulirus </em>sp., produktivitas, respons fisiologis.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Response of two strains of broiler chickens to feeding trough shapes

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
O. M. Sogunle ◽  
E. T. Odekunle ◽  
O. A. Adeyemi ◽  
O. A. Olaniyi ◽  
D. A. Ekunseitan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

This study determined the effect of feeding trough shapes on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and cost benefit analysis of 180 broiler chickens of two strains (90 birds each of Marshal and Hubbard strains) subjected to circular, rectangular and square-shaped 2 feeding troughs with a surface area of 900 cm each. The broiler chicks were brooded for two weeks and thereafter allotted into six treatment groups of 30 chicks each, consisting of 3 replicates of 10 chicks per replicate. Daily weight gains were recorded and at the 8th week, 3 broiler chickens that were of average weights for each replicate were used for carcass evaluation. Data were analysed using PRO GLM at 5% level of significance. Results showed that feeding trough shapes significantly (P< 0.05) influenced the final weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Birds on circular feeding trough recorded the best feed conversion ratio (2.98±0.03). The feeding trough shape and strain did not significantly (P>0.05) affect the cut-up parts and organs measured. In the interaction between strain and feeding trough, the dressing percentage was significantly (P<0.05) affected, but did not follow any trend. Marshal strain on square feeding trough recorded significantly (P<0.05) lowest production cost (N539.25) while Hubbard strain on circular feeder had the highest cost of N605.46. It was concluded that, in terms of cost of production, the square and rectangular shaped feeding troughs could be adopted.

scholarly journals Lizard meal as protein source enhanced broiler growth and reduced cost of production in Ishiagu, Ivo Local Government Area, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
A. D. Olabode ◽  
L. C. Ugwuowo ◽  
C. I. Agu ◽  
T. J. Ojuoloruntaye
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Better Than

The research work was carried out to ascertain the performance and cost benefits of broiler starter birds fed replacement levels of lizardmeal to fishmeal at starter phase.Atotal number of 90 day oldAnak 2000 broiler chickswere used for the experiment. The birdswere assigned to five treatment group of eighteen birds each been replicated thrice with six birds per replicate. Lizard meal was included to replace fish meal at levels of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% respectively. Feed and water were given ad-libitum. Birds fed 75% inclusion levels of lizard meal (treatment 4) to replace fish meal was superior to birds in other treatments in terms of average final body weight, average daily feed intake, average weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Cost benefit analysis also showed that birds in treatment 4 (75% lizard meal inclusion)was better than the rest of the treatment group.

scholarly journals Fostering bacterial growth in BFT aquaculture tanks by early Nile tilapia stocking

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e53009
Author(s):  
Francisco Roberto dos Santos Lima ◽  
Davi de Holanda Cavalcante ◽  
Marcelo Vinícius do Carmo e Sá
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Total Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Daily Application

The current study aimed at fostering bacterial growth in BFT aquaculture tanks by early Nile tilapia stocking. Control tanks had no tilapia but received daily applications of dry molasses (NT+) or had tilapia but no C:N ratio adjustment (T-). Experimental tanks had tilapia and received daily application of molasses to adjust the C:N ratio of water to 15:1 (T+). The development of bioflocs in NT+ was insignificant as demonstrated by low levels of settleable solids (SS) and total suspended solids (TSS). Total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) was significantly higher in NT+ than in T+. In the C:N-ratio adjusted tanks, the presence of fish shortened the control of TAN in several days. As nitrite declined in T+, it increased in NT+. The final concentrations of TSS in T+, T- and NT+ were 236 ± 29 mg L-1, 100 ± 32 mg L-1, and 40 ± 22 mg L-1, respectively (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that stable nitrifying and heterotrophic bacterial communities could be attained in BFT aquaculture tanks, before the end of the 4th week of culture, if the bacterial growth is fostered by early Nile tilapia stocking.

Periphyton use on microbial dynamics, water quality, and Nile tilapia growth in rearing tanks

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Lucinda Saldanha da Silva ◽  
Fátima Cristiane Teles de Carvalho ◽  
Rubson Mateus Matos Carvalho ◽  
Oscarina Viana de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Artificial Substrate ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
Periphytic Biofilm

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of an artificial substrate for periphytic biofilm growth on the microbiological composition of the biofilm, water quality, and zootechnical performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in rearing tanks. The experiment consisted of two treatments: presence and absence of artificial substrate for the growth of periphyton, with five replicates. Water quality parameters were evaluated throughout the entire experimental period. Every two weeks, samples of the periphyton were collected for the analysis of its microbiological composition and biometric measurements of the fish were performed. The number of heterotrophic bacteria in the biofilm increased during the experimental period, but that of Aeromonas decreased with the use of the artificial substrate. The total ammonia nitrogen in the tanks with periphyton reduced in 30% compared with that of the control. Tilapia reared with the biofilm showed a final weight 2.4 times greater than that of those subjected to the control, as well as an increase of 59.19% in their productivity. The use of an artificial substrate for periphytic biofilm in Nile tilapia rearing tanks favors the maintenance of the quality of the culture water, the protection of the fish against pathogens, and the improvement of the zootechnical performance of the fish.

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