scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Veterinarians Towards Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship in Nigeria

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
Usman O. Adekanye ◽  
Abel B. Ekiri ◽  
Erika Galipó ◽  
Abubakar Bala Muhammad ◽  
Ana Mateus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health concern and the inappropriate use of antibiotics in animals and humans is considered a contributing factor. A cross-sectional survey to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of veterinarians regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship was conducted in Nigeria. A total of 241 respondents completed an online survey. Only 21% of respondents correctly defined the term antimicrobial stewardship and 59.8% were unaware of the guidelines provided by the Nigeria AMR National Action Plan. Over half (51%) of the respondents indicated that prophylactic antibiotic use was appropriate when farm biosecurity was poor. Only 20% of the respondents conducted antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) frequently, and the unavailability of veterinary laboratory services (82%) and the owner’s inability to pay (72%) were reported as key barriers to conducting AST. The study findings suggest strategies focusing on the following areas may be useful in improving appropriate antibiotic use and antimicrobial stewardship among veterinarians in Nigeria: increased awareness of responsible antimicrobial use among practicing and newly graduated veterinarians, increased dissemination of regularly updated antibiotic use guidelines, increased understanding of the role of good biosecurity and vaccination practices in disease prevention, and increased provision of laboratory services and AST at affordable costs.

Engaging patients in antimicrobial resistance and stewardship

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Popescu ◽  
Kim Neudorf ◽  
Sandi N. Kossey
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
And Control ◽  
Public Campaigns

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the perspectives of patient advisors (PAs) on the current state of antimicrobial resistance (AR) and stewardship in Canada and identifies next steps, with the goal of stimulating further collaboration for action between leaders and PAs as well as research. Design/methodology/approach – The perspectives of PAs were gathered using an electronic online survey of 72 respondents. A search of peer reviewed literature and publicly available reports informed the development of the survey and the articulation of a more comprehensive viewpoint in this paper. Findings – PAs view AR as a serious and growing public health threat. They believe sharing the responsibility for infection prevention and control and antimicrobial stewardship will help to control the problem. They see healthcare professionals as the most appropriate stakeholders to influence behaviors associated with appropriate antibiotic use, however, they also see value in public campaigns. Importantly, they identify several opportunities for PA contribution: education of care providers, patients, families, and the public; co-design and development of materials, policies, improvement initiatives, and research; and participation in and promotion of public campaigns. Practical implications – Engaging PAs as partners at all system levels is becoming common practice. PAs bring a unique and complementary perspective that could contribute to antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Originality/value – This paper begins to bridge a gap between literature and practice, and proposes that PAs can contribute to antimicrobial stewardship efforts.

scholarly journals Public knowledge, attitudes and practices surrounding antibiotic use and resistance in Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Mingjie Lim ◽  
Pheak Chhoun ◽  
Sovannary Tuot ◽  
Chhorvoin Om ◽  
Sidonn Krang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background WHO’s Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance includes as a priority to increase public education surrounding antibiotic use and resistance. Monitoring population-level antibiotic behaviours is crucial for informing intervention strategies, but data from a broad range of settings, particularly lower-resourced countries, are lacking. Objectives We measured public knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in Cambodia, providing baseline information against which to monitor the progress of future interventions. Methods Between September and October 2018, we conducted a household survey of knowledge, attitudes and practices related to antibiotic use in urban and rural populations of three Cambodian provinces: Phnom Penh, Siem Reap and Prey Veng. Response rates were respectively 79%, 86% and 86%. Results Among the 2005 participants, we found high levels of awareness of terms relating to antibiotics (86.5%) and antibiotic resistance; most participants also recognized that antibiotic resistance is a problem (58.4%). However, few understood that antibiotics are effective only against bacterial infections (1.2%). We also found province-specific differences in participants’ sources of antibiotics and their sources of AMR-related information. In regression analyses, more favourable antibiotic practice scores were associated with higher knowledge (β = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.14–0.22) and attitude (β = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.11–0.22) scores, as well as trust in healthcare sources to obtain antibiotics and antibiotic information. Conclusions This study highlights the importance of interventions and public communication on antibiotic use and resistance that is effectively targeted to the local context through trusted healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Public knowledge, attitudes and practices related to antibiotic use and resistance in Singapore: a cross-sectional population survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e048157
Author(s):  
Jane M Lim ◽  
Minh Cam Duong ◽  
Alex R Cook ◽  
Li Yang Hsu ◽  
Clarence C Tam
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Care Doctor ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

ObjectivesThe WHO’s Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) includes increasing overall public awareness of appropriate antibiotic use and resistance as a key priority area. We aimed to measure public knowledge, attitudes and practices of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in Singapore, as well as their healthcare-seeking behaviours relating to respiratory illnesses, providing baseline data against which to measure the progress of future interventions.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThe general population in Singapore.ParticipantsBetween May and June 2019, we conducted a survey via an online panel in Singapore with 706 respondents.ResultsOur findings indicated common misconceptions surrounding antibiotic effectiveness and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance—most participants thought that resistance occurs when our bodies become resistant to antibiotics (62.5%) or when antibiotics become less powerful (48.5%). In multivariable analyses, better knowledge scores were associated with more favourable antibiotic attitudes (β=0.29; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.37). In addition, more favourable attitude scores were associated with lower odds of both expecting (OR: 0.84, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.99) and being prescribed antibiotics by a primary care doctor (OR: 0.76, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.90).ConclusionsThis study presents important information about population perceptions towards antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in Singapore. Results from this study emphasise the importance of effective public communication strategies to promote responsible antibiotic use locally and should be used to inform future implementation of programmes and activities as laid out in Singapore’s National Strategic Action Plan on AMR.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions: Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Nehad J. Ahmed ◽  
Abdul Haseeb ◽  
Azmi Ahmed Hassali ◽  
Amer H. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Health Concern

Antimicrobial resistance is a serious health concern with significant economic and clinical sequelae. Antimicrobial stewardship programs are increasingly being promoted and mandated in order to rationalize and reduce the use of antimicrobials in healthcare institutions and as a result decrease antimicrobial resistance. Several interventions could be used to improve antibiotic use that includes broad, pharmacy driven and infection and syndrome specific interventions. Each hospital should prioritize interventions based on its needs as well as based on the availability of resources and content expertise.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance among Poultry Drug and Feed Sellers in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Md. Abul Kalam ◽  
Md. Abdul Alim ◽  
Shahanaj Shano ◽  
Md. Raihan Khan Nayem ◽  
Md. Rahim Badsha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Drug Sellers

Poultry production has boomed in Bangladesh in recent years. The poultry sector has contributed significantly to meet the increased demand for animal source proteins in the country. However, increased use of antimicrobials and antibiotics appeared to be a significant threat to food safety in the poultry sector. The poultry drug and feed sellers are at the frontline position involving selecting and delivering the antimicrobials to the poultry farmers. Studies assessing the poultry drug and feed sellers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) are limited. The current study aimed to assess the community poultry drug and feed sellers’ KAPs of antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in some selected areas of Bangladesh. We determined the respondents’ (drug and the feed sellers) KAPs of AMU and AMR using a tested and paper-based questionnaire. The study demonstrated that most respondents have insufficient knowledge, less positive attitudes, and inappropriate practices regarding AMU and AMR. The factor score analysis further showed that the type of respondents and their years of experience, level of education, and training on the drug were the significant factors impacting the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices of AMU and AMR. The adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that the drug sellers who completed their education up to 12th grade and had training on the drug had adequate knowledge of AMU and AMR. The data also showed that the drug sellers belong to the age group 31–35 and 36–40 years and who completed 12th grade had good attitudes on the same. Likewise, the analysis further determined that drug sellers belonging the age category 18–25 and 26–30 years, and interestingly, the respondents who completed education up to 12th grade, had better practices. Spearman’s rank-order correlation revealed a positive association between each pair of the KAPs scores for the respondents. The correlation was fair between knowledge–attitudes, knowledge–practices, and attitudes–practices. Based on the current study results, we recommend educational interventions and appropriate training for the poultry drug and feed sellers to raise awareness and to upgrade their current knowledge on the appropriate use of antimicrobials. This will ultimately lead to reducing the chances of developing AMR in the poultry sectors of the country.

scholarly journals Assessing Knowledge and Perception Regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance in University Students of Pakistan: Findings and Implications

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 866
Author(s):  
Iltaf Hussain ◽  
Nisa Yousaf ◽  
Sana Haider ◽  
Pervisha Jalil ◽  
Muhammad Usman Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dosing Regimen ◽  
Student Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The irrational use of antimicrobials has enormously contributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally and especially in the developing world. To assess the knowledge and perception regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in university students enrolled in pharmacy, veterinary, and biology programs by using an online self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square and Fisher exact tests (where applicable) were performed to assess the association of the demographics with the students’ knowledge and perception regarding AMR and AMS. A total of 496 students completed the questionnaire, among which, 85.7% of the participants were familiar with the term AMR and 79.4% of the participants correctly identified a poorly designed dosing regimen as a contributing factor towards AMR. The majority of participants (57.9%) were familiar with the term AMS and 86.5% were aware of the aim of AMS. The participants showed good knowledge regarding AMR and AMS, but to further improve student knowledge and perception of AMS and AMR, it is suggested that dedicated modules on antibiotic use and AMS should be incorporated into the curricula of these undergraduate and postgraduate programs.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in a Sample of Italian Men Who Have SEX with MEN (MSM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4772
Author(s):  
Gianluca Voglino ◽  
Maria Rosaria Gualano ◽  
Stefano Rousset ◽  
Pietro Forghieri ◽  
Isabella Fraire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Prep Awareness ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is suitable for high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection risk people, foremost among whom are males who have sex with other males (MSM). This study evaluated knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding PrEP in a sample of Italian MSM, in order to hypothesize strategies to implement PrEP awareness and use. No previous study has assessed this issue; Methods: An online survey was given to an opportunistic sample of Italian MSM. The questionnaire investigated sexual behaviour and habits, HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) knowledge and PrEP awareness, attitudes and practices. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to identify factors associated with PrEP knowledge; Results: A total of 196 MSM participated in this survey. Overall data showed that 87.2% of participants knew what PrEP is, but only 7.5% have ever used it. The main reason for not using PrEP was the cost of the therapy (26.9%). The principal source of PrEP information was the Internet (68.4%). Being regularly tested for HIV was significantly associated with PrEP knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (AdjOR) = 3.16; confidence interval (CI) = 1.06–9.29); Conclusions: Knowledge regarding PrEP was well established, but PrEP use was not equally widespread. It is necessary to improve research on PrEP usage in order to PrEP access to be granted.

scholarly journals Unsafe “crossover-use” of chloramphenicol in Uganda: importance of a One Health approach in antimicrobial resistance policy and regulatory action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayley D. McCubbin ◽  
John W. Ramatowski ◽  
Esther Buregyeya ◽  
Eleanor Hutchinson ◽  
Harparkash Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Low Income ◽  
One Health ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Regulatory Action ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Drug Shop ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Human Use

AbstractSince the introduction of antibiotics into mainstream health care, resistance to these drugs has become a widespread issue that continues to increase worldwide. Policy decisions to mitigate the development of antimicrobial resistance are hampered by the current lack of surveillance data on antibiotic product availability and use in low-income countries. This study collected data on the antibiotics stocked in human (42) and veterinary (21) drug shops in five sub-counties in Luwero district of Uganda. Focus group discussions with drug shop vendors were also employed to explore antibiotic use practices in the community. Focus group participants reported that farmers used human-intended antibiotics for their livestock, and community members obtain animal-intended antibiotics for their own personal human use. Specifically, chloramphenicol products licensed for human use were being administered to Ugandan poultry. Human consumption of chloramphenicol residues through local animal products represents a serious public health concern. By limiting the health sector scope of antimicrobial resistance research to either human or animal antibiotic use, results can falsely inform policy and intervention strategies. Therefore, a One Health approach is required to understand the wider impact of community antibiotic use and improve overall effectiveness of intervention policy and regulatory action.

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