scholarly journals Advances in Micromanipulation Actuated by Vibration-Induced Acoustic Waves and Streaming Flow

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
Xiaoming Liu ◽  
Masaru Kojima ◽  
Qiang Huang ◽  
Tatsuo Arai
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Geometric Structures ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Subsequent Research ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Streaming Flow

The use of vibration and acoustic characteristics for micromanipulation has been prevalent in recent years. Due to high biocompatibility, non-contact operation, and relatively low cost, the micromanipulation actuated by the vibration-induced acoustic wave and streaming flow has been widely applied in the sorting, translating, rotating, and trapping of targets at the submicron and micron scales, especially particles and single cells. In this review, to facilitate subsequent research, we summarize the fundamental theories of manipulation driven by vibration-induced acoustic waves and streaming flow. These methods are divided into two types: actuated by the acoustic wave, and actuated by the steaming flow induced by vibrating geometric structures. Recently proposed representative vibroacoustic-driven micromanipulation methods are introduced and compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized. Finally, prospects are presented based on our review of the recent advances and developing trends.

scholarly journals Lateral flow assays

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna M. Koczula ◽  
Andrea Gallotta
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Portable Detection ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Interpretation Of Results

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are the technology behind low-cost, simple, rapid and portable detection devices popular in biomedicine, agriculture, food and environmental sciences. This review presents an overview of the principle of the method and the critical components of the assay, focusing on lateral flow immunoassays. This type of assay has recently attracted considerable interest because of its potential to provide instantaneous diagnosis directly to patients. The range and interpretation of results and parameters used for evaluation of the assay will also be discussed. The main advantages and disadvantages of LFAs will be summarized and relevant future improvements to testing devices and strategies will be proposed. Finally, the major recent advances and future diagnostic applications in the LFA field will be explored.

Integrated ZnO Film Based Acoustic Wave Microfluidics and Biosensors

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack K. Luo ◽  
Y.Q. Fu ◽  
Greg Ashley ◽  
Williams I. Milne
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Acoustic Streaming ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Zno Film ◽  
Actuation Mechanism ◽  
Saw Devices

Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is one of the most important microsystems with promising applications in microanalysis, drug development and diagnosis, etc. We have been developing a LOC biodetection system using acoustic wave as a single actuation mechanism for both microfluidics and biosensing using low cost piezoelectric ZnO film. Surface acoustic waves (SAW) coupled into the liquid will induce acoustic streaming, or move the droplet on the surface. These have been utilized to make SAW-based micropumps and micromixers which are simple in structure, easy to fabricate, low cost, reliable and efficient. SAW devices and thin film bulk acoustic resonators (FBAR) have been fabricated on nanocrystalline ZnO thin films deposited using sputtering on Si substrates. A streaming velocity up to ~5cm/s within a microdroplet and a droplet moving speed of ~1cm/s have been achieved. SAW based droplet ejection and vaporization have also been realized. SAW devices and FBARs have been used to detect antibody/antigen and rabbit/goat immunoglobulin type G molecules, showing their high sensitivity. The results have demonstrated the feasibility of using a single actuation mechanism for the LOC.

Recent Advances in Reinforcement Learning for Traffic Signal Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wei ◽  
Guanjie Zheng ◽  
Vikash Gayah ◽  
Zhenhui Li
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Real World ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Signal ◽  
Signal Control ◽  
Traffic Signal Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Recent Advances

Traffic signal control is an important and challenging real-world problem that has recently received a large amount of interest from both transportation and computer science communities. In this survey, we focus on investigating the recent advances in using reinforcement learning (RL) techniques to solve the traffic signal control problem. We classify the known approaches based on the RL techniques they use and provide a review of existing models with analysis on their advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, we give an overview of the simulation environments and experimental settings that have been developed to evaluate the traffic signal control methods. Finally, we explore future directions in the area of RLbased traffic signal control methods. We hope this survey could provide insights to researchers dealing with real-world applications in intelligent transportation systems

Setting an error detection infrastructure with low cost acoustic wave detectors

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurang Upasani ◽  
Xavier Vera ◽  
Antonio González
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Low Cost

scholarly journals Formation of a Complex Topologies of SAW-Based Inertial Sensors by Laser Thin Film Local Evaporation

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Alexander Kukaev ◽  
Dmitry Lukyanov ◽  
Denis Mikhailenko ◽  
Daniil Safronov ◽  
Sergey Shevchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Surface Acoustic Wave ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Photolithography Process

Originally, sensors based on surface acoustic waves are fabricated using photolithography, which becomes extremely expensive when a small series or even single elements are needed for the research. A laser thin film local evaporation technique is proposed to substitute the photolithography process in the production of surface acoustic wave based inertial sensors prototypes. To estimate its potential a prototype of a surface acoustic wave gyroscope sensing element was fabricated and tested. Its was shown that the frequency mismatch is no more than 1%, but dispersion of the wave on small inertial masses leads to a spurious parasitic signal on receiving electrodes. Possible ways of its neglecting is discussed.

scholarly journals Low-cost Solutions for Velocimetry in Rotating and Opaque Fluid Experiments using Ultrasonic Time of Flight

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Burmann ◽  
Jerome Noir ◽  
Stefan Beetschen ◽  
Andrew Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Zonal Flow ◽  
Gravitational Acceleration ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Ultrasonic Time ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Complex Flow Structure

AbstractMany common techniques for flow measurement, such as Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) or Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimetry (UDV), rely on the presence of reflectors in the fluid. These methods fail to operate when e.g centrifugal or gravitational acceleration leads to a rarefaction of scatterers in the fluid, as for instance in rapidly rotating experiments. In this article we present two low-cost implementations for flow measurement based on the transit time (or Time of Flight) of acoustic waves, that do not require the presence of scatterers in the fluid. We compare our two implementations against UDV in a well controlled experiment with a simple oscillating flow and show we can achieve measurements in the sub-centimeter per second velocity range with an accuracy of $\sim 5-10\%$ ∼ 5 − 10 % . We also perform measurements in a rotating experiment with a complex flow structure from which we extract the mean zonal flow, which is in good agreement with theoretical predictions.

scholarly journals Reinforcement of Recycled Aggregate by Microbial-Induced Mineralization and Deposition of Calcium Carbonate—Influencing Factors, Mechanism and Effect of Reinforcement

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Chunhua Feng ◽  
Buwen Cui ◽  
Haidong Ge ◽  
Yihong Huang ◽  
Wenyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Water ◽  
Strengthening Mechanism ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Recycled aggregate is aggregate prepared from construction waste. With the development of a global economy and people’s attention to sustainable development, recycled aggregate has shown advantages in replacing natural aggregate in the production of concrete due to its environmental friendliness, low energy consumption, and low cost. Recycled aggregate exhibits high water absorption and a multi-interface transition zone, which limits its application scope. Researchers have used various methods to improve the properties of recycled aggregate, such as microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology. In this paper, the results of recent studies on the reinforcement of recycled aggregate by MICP technology are synthesized, and the factors affecting the strengthening effect of recycled aggregate are reviewed. Moreover, the strengthening mechanism, advantages and disadvantages of MICP technology are summarized. After the modified treatment, the aggregate performance is significantly improved. Regardless of whether the aggregate was used in mortar or concrete, the mechanical properties of the specimens were clearly improved. However, there are some issues regarding the application of MICP technology, such as the use of an expensive culture medium, a long modification cycle, and untargeted mineralization deposition. These difficulties need to be overcome in the future for the industrialization of regenerated aggregate materials via MICP technology.

scholarly journals Visualization of Surface Acoustic Waves in Thin Liquid Films

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Rambach ◽  
J. Taiber ◽  
C. M. L. Scheck ◽  
C. Meyer ◽  
J. Reboud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Film ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thin Liquid Film ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract We demonstrate that the propagation path of a surface acoustic wave (SAW), excited with an interdigitated transducer (IDT), can be visualized using a thin liquid film dispensed onto a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) substrate. The practical advantages of this visualization method are its rapid and simple implementation, with many potential applications including in characterising acoustic pumping within microfluidic channels. It also enables low-cost characterisation of IDT designs thereby allowing the determination of anisotropy and orientation of the piezoelectric substrate without the requirement for sophisticated and expensive equipment. Here, we show that the optical visibility of the sound path critically depends on the physical properties of the liquid film and identify heptane and methanol as most contrast rich solvents for visualization of SAW. We also provide a detailed theoretical description of this effect.

scholarly journals Recent Advances of Photocatalytic Application in Water Treatment: A Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1804
Author(s):  
Guangmin Ren ◽  
Hongtao Han ◽  
Yixuan Wang ◽  
Sitong Liu ◽  
Jianyong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Photocatalytic Application ◽  
Oxidation Technology ◽  
Performance Challenges

Photocatalysis holds great promise as an efficient and sustainable oxidation technology for application in wastewater treatment. Rapid progress developing novel materials has propelled photocatalysis to the forefront of sustainable wastewater treatments. This review presents the latest progress on applications of photocatalytic wastewater treatment. Our focus is on strategies for improving performance. Challenges and outlooks in this promising field are also discussed. We hope this review will help researchers design low-cost and high-efficiency photocatalysts for water treatment.

Linear and Nonlinear Analysis of Additively Manufactured Material With Different Porosity Induced by Varying Material Printing Speed Using Guided Acoustic Waves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeHyuk Park ◽  
Hamad Alnuaimi ◽  
Anna Hayes ◽  
Madison Sitkiewicz ◽  
Umar Amjad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Nonlinear Analysis ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Nonlinear Ultrasonic ◽  
Scan Speed ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Characterization Of Materials

Abstract Guided acoustic wave based techniques have been found to be very effective for damage detection, and both quantitative and qualitative characterization of materials. In this research, guided acoustic wave techniques are used for porosity evaluation of additively manufactured materials. A metal 3D printer, Concept Laser Mlab 200 R Cusing™, is used to manufacture 316L additively manufactured (AM) stainless steel specimens. Two levels of porosity are investigated in this study, which was controlled by a suitable combination of scan speed and laser power. The sample with lower level of porosity is obtained with a low scanning speed. Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) transducers are used to generate guided acoustic waves. The signal is excited and propagated through the specimens in a single sided transmission mode setup. Signal processing of the recorded signals for damage analysis involves both linear and nonlinear analyses. Linear ultrasonic parameters such as the time-of-flight and magnitude of the propagating waves are recorded. The nonlinear ultrasonic parameter, the Sideband Peak Count Index (SPC-I) is obtained by a newly developed nonlinear analysis technique. Results obtained for both specimens are analyzed and compared using both linear and nonlinear ultrasonic techniques. Finally, the effectiveness of SPC-I technique in monitoring porosity levels in AM specimens is discussed.

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