scholarly journals Influence of Maximum Aggregate Grain Size on the Strength Properties and Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3918
Author(s):  
Jacek Góra ◽  
Małgorzata Szafraniec
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Strength And Deformation ◽  
Concrete Elements

Depending on the dimensions of concrete elements, aggregates of different grain sizes are used for the building structures. Taking this fact into account, the authors of the paper have undertaken in their work an issue concerning the analysis of the influence of maximum aggregate grain size on the strength properties and modulus of elasticity of concrete. This is also due to the fact that few published research results are available in this area. In this paper, the influence of the maximum grain size on the basic strength and deformation properties of concrete is discussed. The research concerns both concretes and gravel aggregates used for their construction with maximum grain sizes of 8 mm, 16 mm and 31.5 mm. The values of the compressive and splitting tensile strength, brittleness and modulus of elasticity of concretes with w/c = 0.45 were analysed. The analysis showed that the strength properties are proportional not only to the maximum size of aggregate grain, but also to the crushing strength of the aggregate. There were no analogous relations found with respect to the modulus of elasticity of the tested concretes. Tensile strength was particularly susceptible to the observed changes.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION OF MORTAR MIXTURE ON STRENGTH AND DEFORMABILITY OF EXTERNAL WALLS/SKIEDINIO SUDĖTIES ĮTAKA IŠORINIŲ SIENOS SLUOKSNIŲ STIPRUMUI IR DEFORMA VIMUISI

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Gediminas Marčiukaitis ◽  
Darius Zabulionis
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Elasticity Analysis ◽  
Strength Limit ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Building Wall ◽  
Strength And Deformation

The basic element of building, wall, must satisfty not only requirements for strength, stability, but also for cracking. Experiments and practice show that in many cases external decoration layers of external walls are cracked. It is because designers and builders do not take into consideration one of the basic conditions of the theory of layers—to satisfy compatibility of deformations of layers. Therefore it is necessary to know physical and mechanical properties of plasters such as strength limits of compressive and tensile strains and modulus of elasticity. In this paper, data and recommendations about strength and deformation properties of plaster are given, as well as regressive equations by which it is possible to choose the composition of composite cement-lime-sand mortar recording the following parameters: compressive and tensile strength, limit strain, modulus of elasticity. Analysis of experimental data shows that the compressive and tensile strength of mortar and modulus of elasticity mainly depend on the ratio cement/sand. Limit deformations depend on all 3 factors: cement, lime and sand.

scholarly journals Study of Mechanical Behavior and Microstructure for Low-Hardness P92 Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2101 (1) ◽  
pp. 012074
Author(s):  
Weixin Yu ◽  
Zhen Dai ◽  
Jifeng Zhao ◽  
Lulu Fang ◽  
Yiwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Laves Phases ◽  
P92 Steel ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure

Abstract The strength of P92 steel (tensile strength, specified plastic elongation strength) will decrease after its hardness is reduced, ferrite and carbides forming the structure. Carbides of grain size 5-6 are precipitated in the grains and grain boundaries. The martensite lath shape has completely disappeared. M23C6 carbide coarsened obviously, with a maximum size of about 500nm; The Laves phase is also aggregated and coarsened, connecting in a chain shape with a maximum size of more than 500nm. Evolution of microstructure, namely the obvious coarsening of M23C6 carbides and the aggregation and connection of Laves phases in a chain shape, are the main causes for rapid decrease in the stability of the material substructure and evident decline in mechanical properties and hardness. In addition, the MX phase did not change significantly, hardly affecting the hardness reduction of P92 steel.

scholarly journals Influence of Drying Temperature on Tensile and Bursting Strength of Bacterial Cellulose Biofilm

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
Florentina SEDERAVIČIŪTĖ ◽  
Jurgita DOMSKIENĖ ◽  
Ilze BALTINA
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Bursting Strength ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Material Preparation

The article presents an experimental study of mechanical properties of cellulose biofilm produced by bacterial fermentation process. Naturally derived biomaterial has great current and potential applications therefore the conditions of material preparation as well as control and prediction of mechanical properties is still a relevant issue. Bacterial cellulose was obtained as a secondary product from Kombucha drink. Presented technique for material preparation and drying is particularly simple and easy to access. The influence of drying temperature (25 °C, 50 °C and 75 °C) on the sample size (thickness and planar dimensions) and mechanical properties (tensile and bursting strength) of cellulose biofilm has been evaluated. It was estimated that during drying biofilm specimens lost up to 92 % of weight and up to 87 % of thickness therefore planar specimen dimensions varied insignificantly. The study showed that the drying temperature is important for optimum strength properties of bacterial cellulose biofilm. The maximum tensile strength (27.91 MPa) was recorded for the samples dried at temperature of 25 °C, when the moisture from the biomaterial is removed gradually and good deformation properties are ensured (respectively tensile extension 18.8 %). Under higher drying temperature biomaterial shows lower values of tensile strength and higher values of bursting strength. The maximum bursting strength (57.2 MPa) was recorded for samples dried at 75 °C when punch displacement changes were insignificant for all tested samples (from 17.8 mm to 21.7 mm). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.25.3.20764

Strength and Deformation Properties of Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) Damaged Concrete Exposed to External Alkalis

2016 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 665-672
Author(s):  
Oliver Mielich ◽  
Hans Wolf Reinhardt ◽  
Hasan Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Static Modulus ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Strength And Deformation ◽  
Static Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Creep And Shrinkage ◽  
Pavement Concrete

In the present paper the results of strength and creep of a specific pavement concrete after ASR performance test are reported and discussed. The FIB cyclic climate storage test was applied which was developed in Germany. The used specific pavement concrete was tested exposed to water and external alkalis such as NaCl solution as deicer. Concrete prisms (100 x 100 x 400 mm) were tested on length change. After 252 days of storage, strength properties, creep and shrinkage were determined. The results of the experimental study indicate that ASR affects not only expansion but also static modulus of elasticity and creep behavior of concrete. Furthermore the tested concrete exposed to NaCl solution shows higher level of creep strain than exposed to water.

scholarly journals Tensile Strength and Creep Resistance in Nanocrystalline Cu, Pd and Ag

1990 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Nieman ◽  
J. R. Weertman ◽  
R. W. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
True Strain ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Grain Sizes

ABSTRACTMeasurements of tensile strength and creep resistance have been made on bulk samples of nanocrystalline Cu, Pd and Ag consolidated from powders by cold compaction. Samples of Cu-Cu2O have also been tested. Yield strength for samples with mean grain sizes of 5–80 nm and bulk densities on the order of 95% of theoretical density are increased 2–5 times over that measured in pure, annealed samples of the same composition with micrometer grain sizes. Ductility in the nanocrystalline Cu has exceeded 6% true strain, however, nanocrystalline Pd samples were much less ductile. Constant load creep tests performed at room temperature at stresses of >100 MPa indicate logarithmic creep. The mechanical properties results are interpreted to be due to grain size-related strengthening and processing flaw-related weakening.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effect of GFRP and steel reinforcement in concrete members subjected to compressive stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 1209 (1) ◽  
pp. 012061
Author(s):  
Ž Šenšelová ◽  
V Borzovič
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Steel Reinforcement ◽  
Concrete Element ◽  
Electrical Insulator ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Gfrp Reinforcement

Abstract Composite materials became more popular and commercially available as reinforcement for concrete elements. Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bar is an excellent thermal and electrical insulator with high tensile strength and low weight. These assumptions make them a possible substitution for steel reinforcement. Moreover, GFRP is not responsible to corrosion for that are suitable for structures with high humidity and unfavorable environment. GFRP is easier to handle due to its low weight. Also, it has electromagnetic neutrality. But it has some disadvantages. It has a low modulus of elasticity and sensitivity to elevated temperatures. Another drawback and uncertainty with designing is the impact of an alkaline environment, which decreases the long-term strength of GFRP bars. This paper describes a pre-experiment study of concrete elements resistance. The analysis is performed for a cross-section of 200x150 mm for a short concrete column with steel and GFRP reinforcement. The study compares P-M diagrams for steel reinforcement and GFRP reinforcement with different reinforcement ratios. Other characteristics such as tensile strength and modulus of elasticity must be considered to design the GFRP reinforced concrete element. The study also considers the contribution of GFRP reinforcement in compression. The analysis has shown, the shape of interaction diagrams of steel and GFRP reinforcement are significantly different.

Investigation of mechanical and tribological properties of different grain size iron scale reinforced polymer composite

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112098276
Author(s):  
Bilal Kursuncu ◽  
Azmi Erdogan ◽  
M Sabri Gok ◽  
Bilal Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Iron Scale

In this study, the change of mechanical properties by adding iron scales of different sizes into polypropylene (PP) was investigated. The iron scale was obtained from a steel production plant and adjusted to 30, 50, 90, 120, and 150 µm grain sizes. These iron scales were then added to the polymer material at a rate of 5% by weight. Wear and tensile strength tests were applied to the samples, which were formed in two different types. According to the results obtained, the wear and tensile strength of polymer material in all grain sizes were improved with an added iron scale. It was observed that the wear resistance of the composite material formed with the addition of fine-grained reinforcing element was the highest. Although grain size increased with increasing tensile strength, wear resistance did not increase. Besides, the friction coefficient was measured to be lower at increasing load. While the effective wear mechanism in pure polymer material is plastic deformation, this wear mechanism has not been found in composite materials with different grain sizes. In this study, it has been shown that iron scales have a positive effect on the mechanical properties of polymer composites.

Grain Size and Strength of the Ni3Al Intermetallic Compound Synthesized under Pressure

2021 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ovcharenko ◽  
Alexander Kozulin ◽  
K.O. Akimov
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Anomalous Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Synthesis ◽  
Transmission Electron

This paper presents the results of the investigation of the grain structure formation in the intermetallic compound Ni3Al under conditions of its high-temperature synthesis under pressure in a powder mixture of nickel and aluminum of stoichiometric composition and the effect of grain size on the strength properties of the synthesized intermetallic compound. The grain structure was investigated by optical metallography, transmission electron microscopy, and EBSD analysis; the ultimate tensile strength of the intermetallic compound was investigated under the tension of the samples in the temperature range from 20 to 1000 °C. It was found that with a decrease in the grain size, not only does the tensile strength of the intermetallic compound multiply increases but also on the anomalous temperature dependence of the intermetallic compound strength there is a significant shift in the maximum strength value to the region of higher temperatures.

Effective Elements of Building Structures from Pipe Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
O.E. Sysoev ◽  
A.Y. Dobryshkin ◽  
Ye.O. Sysoyev
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pipe ◽  
Bending Load ◽  
Concrete Elements

The article is devoted to the investigation of pipe-concrete prestressed structural elements with high efficiency. This is due to a more complete use of the strength properties of structural materials in the pipe-concrete beam. The article presents various methods for calculating pipe-concrete elements. The design of a concrete tube with a prestressed element using high-strength concrete is presented. The results of calculations of various designs are shown and the cross-sections of beams for perception of the same bending load are selected. A comparison is made between the consumption of beam materials of various designs. The effectiveness of the use of pipe-concrete elements for receiving bending loads made of high-strength concrete with prestressed reinforcement is shown in comparison with the construction of beams of traditional high-strength concrete, high-strength concrete pipe-concrete with no prestressing of reinforcement and metal beam, mass of the element, consumption of metal and concrete.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION AND CHOOSING OF RATIONAL CONSTRUCTIVE CROSSSECTIONS, POSSIBILITIES OF USING IN DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTION DIRECTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Svitlana Deryzemlia
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Modern Building ◽  
Made In

The development of modern construction is closely related to the efficient use problemof building materials in terms of rational use materials’ strength properties. The search of rationalstructure in terms of geometric parameters, the materials use and providing the same bearingcapacity is important question in the modern building. The purpose of article is to carry out acomparative analysis of the geometric and strength characteristics of different reinforced concretecross-sections, and consideration of existing methods for calculating the bearing capacity andassessment of the stress-strain state of reinforced concrete beams.The steel-concrete structures using in different building structures is paid much attention in theworld practice. The steel-concrete structures widespread using leads to the economy of materials,reducing the complexity of manufacture, reducing time erection. The using of reinforced concreteleads to significant economy of steel, and set the new tasks for the engineers in the same time: ownweight and geometric parameters reducing of the cross-section without reducing of bearing capacityin whole. With the search for new structures that would meet the building requirements and usage ofdifferent building, nowadays significant attention pays to the improvement and development of thesteel-concrete elements. During the development and improvement of steel-concrete structures,significant changes have been made in terms of ensuring the joint operation of reinforced concreteand steel. Such structures require constant research and improvement in order to reduce their ownweight, financial costs, etc. The question of finding a rational structure in terms of geometricparameters, the materials using, as well as ensuring the same bearing capacity is currently important

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