scholarly journals Isometric Strength in Volleyball Players of Different Age: A Multidimensional Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Majstorović ◽  
Milivoj Dopsaj ◽  
Vladimir Grbić ◽  
Zoran Savić ◽  
Aleksandar Vićentijević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Single Score ◽  
Male Subjects

Physical abilities modelling has a profound connection with long-term athlete development and talent identification. There is not enough data to support evidence about age-related changes in volleyball players’ isometric strength. This study aimed to define the age-related model of volleyball players multidimensional muscles’ contractile characteristics. The participants were divided according to gender (male n = 112, female n = 371) and according to age into four groups: under 15 (U15), under 17 (U17), under 19 (U19), and under 21 (U21) years old. Participants performed three isometric strength tests: handgrip, lumbar extensors, and ankle extensors. Maximal force and rate of force development results from all three tests were transformed into a single Score value as a representation of contractile potentials using principal component analysis. The main findings were that Score values of both genders showed significant differences between age groups (male: F = 53.17, p < 0.001; Female: F = 41.61, p < 0.001). Trends of those yearly changes were slightly more balanced for female subjects (3.9%) compared to male subjects (6.3%). These findings could help in strength training adjustments when working with volleyball players of a certain age, and enable coaches to detect ones that stand out positively, considering them as strong in regard to their age.

The structure of time perspective: Age-related differences in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapinska ◽  
Aneta Przepiorka ◽  
Philip P Zimbardo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Developmental Change ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Separate Factor ◽  
Three Factor

The purpose of the paper is to present the main findings on the factor structure of time perspective measured using the Polish version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (Zimbardo and Boyd, 1999) in different age groups. A total of 2789 adults took part in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis of Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory items was conducted in a group of respondents aged 18–78 years to verify the original five-factor structure. Separate principal component analyses were carried out for three age groups: 18–27, 28–39, and 40–65 years old. In the group of students, a fairly clear five-factor structure of time perspective was found. In the group of the oldest respondents, a three-factor structure emerged, which can be described as follows: Past-Negative combined with Present-Fatalistic, Past-Positive combined with Future, and a separate factor corresponding to the Present-Hedonistic scale. Differences in the factor structure of time perspective were interpreted in the context of developmental change.

scholarly journals A Computational Solution to Bolster Epigenetic Clock Reliability for Clinical Trials and Longitudinal Tracking

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Albert Higgins-Chen ◽  
Kyra Thrush ◽  
Tina Hu-Seliger ◽  
Yunzhang Wang ◽  
Sara Hagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Epigenetic Clock ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Longitudinal Tracking ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Epigenetic Biomarker ◽  
Computational Solution

Abstract Epigenetic clocks are widely used aging biomarkers, but they are calculated from methylation data for individual CpGs that can be surprisingly unreliable. We report that technical noise causes six major epigenetic clocks to deviate by 3 to 9 years between replicates. We present a novel computational solution: we perform principal component analysis followed by biological age prediction using principal components, extracting shared age-related changes across CpGs while ignoring noise from individual CpGs. Our novel principal-component versions of six clocks show agreement between most technical replicates within 1 year, and increased stability in short- and long-term longitudinal studies. This requires only one additional step compared to traditional clocks, does not require prior knowledge of CpG reliabilities, and can improve the reliability of any existing or future epigenetic biomarker. The extremely high reliability of principal component epigenetic clocks makes them particularly useful for personalized medicine and clinical trials evaluating novel aging interventions.

scholarly journals Cognitive aging and verbal labeling in continuous visual memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1196-1213
Author(s):  
Alicia Forsberg ◽  
Wendy Johnson ◽  
Robert H. Logie
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Age Related

Abstract The decline of working memory (WM) is a common feature of general cognitive decline, and visual and verbal WM capacity appear to decline at different rates with age. Visual material may be remembered via verbal codes or visual traces, or both. Souza and Skóra, Cognition, 166, 277–297 (2017) found that labeling boosted memory in younger adults by activating categorical visual long-term memory (LTM) knowledge. Here, we replicated this and tested whether it held in healthy older adults. We compared performance in silence, under instructed overt labeling (participants were asked to say color names out loud), and articulatory suppression (repeating irrelevant syllables to prevent labeling) in the delayed estimation paradigm. Overt labeling improved memory performance in both age groups. However, comparing the effect of overt labeling and suppression on the number of coarse, categorical representations in the two age groups suggested that older adults used verbal labels subvocally more than younger adults, when performing the task in silence. Older adults also appeared to benefit from labels differently than younger adults. In younger adults labeling appeared to improve visual, continuous memory, suggesting that labels activated visual LTM representations. However, for older adults, labels did not appear to enhance visual, continuous representations, but instead boosted memory via additional verbal (categorical) memory traces. These results challenged the assumption that visual memory paradigms measure the same cognitive ability in younger and older adults, and highlighted the importance of controlling differences in age-related strategic preferences in visual memory tasks.

ENDOMETRIAL CANCER IN PATIENTS OLDER THAN 70 YEARS: CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND LONGTERM RESULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-421
Author(s):  
Yuliya Gavrish ◽  
Anna Artemeva ◽  
Yu. Trifanov ◽  
A. Nyuganen ◽  
Anna Sidoruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Two Age Groups

On the basis of the Department of Oncogynecology together with the pathoanatomical department of the N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology conducted a comparative assessment of age-related features of endometrial cancer. The study included 309 patients, which were divided into two groups: group 1 - from 50 to 69 years (n = 150), group 2 - 70 years and older (n = 159). The article presents a comparative assessment of treatment, morphological characteristics of the tumor and the prevalence of the tumor process in two age groups, as well as the long-term results of treatment.

scholarly journals Unique Transcriptome Changes in Peripheral B Cells Revealed by Comparing Age Groups From Naive or Vaccinated Mice, Including snoRNA and Cdkn2a

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2326-2332
Author(s):  
Robin L Baudier ◽  
Kevin J Zwezdaryk ◽  
Malwina Czarny-Ratajczak ◽  
Lauren H Kodroff ◽  
Deborah E Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cell Cycle Checkpoint ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
Canonical Pathways

Abstract Aging is associated with a decline in immune function that is not fully understood including vaccine failure. Here we report transcriptomic analysis on B cells from naive or influenza-vaccinated mice of 3 ages: young (15–23 weeks), middle-aged (63–81 weeks), and old mice (103–119 weeks). Our goal was expression profiling of B cells by age and history of vaccination to identify novel changes at the transcriptome level. We observed waning vaccine responses with age. In B cell transcripts, age and vaccination history were both important with notable differences observed in conducted analyses (eg, principal component, gene set enrichment, differentially expressed [DE] genes, and canonical pathways). Only 39 genes were significantly DE with age irrespective of vaccine history. This included age-related changes to box C/D small nucleolar (sno) RNAs, Snord123 and Snord1a. Box C/D snoRNAs regulate rRNAs through methylation and are linked to neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and cancer diseases but not specifically B cells or age. Canonical pathway changes implicated with age irrespective of vaccination history included EIF2, mTOR signaling, p53, Paxillin, and Tec kinase signaling pathways as well as cell cycle checkpoint. Importantly, we identified DE genes and pathways that were progressively altered starting in middle-age (eg, signaling by Rho family GTPases) or only altered in middle-age (eg, sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling), despite minimal differences in the ability of these mice to respond to vaccination compared to younger mice. Our results indicate the importance of vaccination or immune stimulation and analyses of multiple age ranges for aging B cell studies and validate an experimental model for future studies.

scholarly journals Long-Term (2003–2019) Air Quality, Climate Variables, and Human Health Consequences in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Riad Sarkar Pavel ◽  
Shahid Uz Zaman ◽  
Farah Jeba ◽  
Md Safiqul Islam ◽  
Abdus Salam
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Receptor Modeling ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Criteria Pollutants

Long-term trends in air quality by studying the criteria pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, CO, O3, NO2, and SO2) and climate variables (temperature, surface pressure, and relative humidity) were depicted in this study. The 17-year (2003–2019) average values of PM2.5, PM10, CO, O3, NO2, and SO2 were 88.69 ± 9.76 μg/m3, 124.57 ± 12.75 μg/m3, 0.69 ± 0.06 ppm, 51.42 ± 1.82 ppb, 14.87 ± 2.45 ppb, and 8.76 ± 2.07 ppb, respectively. The trends among the ambient pollutants were increasingly significant (p &lt; 0.05) except for O3 with slopes of 1.83 ± 0.15 μg/m3/year, 2.35 ± 0.24 μg/m3/year, 0.01 ± 0.002 ppm/year, 0.47 ± 0.03 ppb/year, and 0.40 ± 0.02 ppb/year for PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2, and SO2, respectively. Pearson correlations revealed a significant association among the pollutants while a noteworthy correlation was observed between ambient pollutants and surface temperature. Principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) have been employed collectively to examine the main sources of the pollutants. PCA revealed similar trends for PMs and CO, as well as NO2 and SO2 being equally distributed variables. PMF receptor modeling resulted in attributing four sources to the pollutants. The factors inferred from the PMF modeling were signified as vehicular emissions, road/soil dust, biomass burning, and industrial emissions. The hazard quotient (HQ) values were not antagonistic (HQ &lt; 1) in acute exposure levels for the three age groups (infants, children, and adults) while showing significant health risk (HQ &gt; 1) in chronic exposure for infants and children. Children are identified as the worst sufferers among the age groups, which points to low breathing levels and high exposure to traffic pollution in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Age-Related Effects of Executive Function on Takeover Performance: A Simulator Study in Automated Driving

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qijia Peng ◽  
Yanbin Wu ◽  
Nan Qie ◽  
Sunao Iwaki
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Elderly Drivers ◽  
Age Related

Abstract The development of highly automated vehicles (HAV) can meet elderly drivers’ mobility needs; however, worse driving performance after a takeover request (TOR) is frequently found, especially regarding non-driving related tasks (NDRTs). This study aims to detect the correlation between takeover performance and underlying cognitive factors comprising a set of higher order cognitive processes including executive functions. Thirty-five young and 35 elderly participants were tested by computerized cognitive tasks and simulated driving tasks to evaluate their executive functions and takeover performance. Performance of n-back tasks, Simon tasks, and task switching were used to generate updating, inhibition, and shifting components of executive functions by principal component analysis. The performance of lane changing after TOR was measured using the standard deviation of the steering wheel angle and minimum time-to-collision (TTC). Differences between age groups and NDRT engagement were assessed by two-way mixed analysis of variance.Older participants had significantly lower executive function ability and were less stable and more conservative when engaged in NDRT. Furthermore, a significant correlation between executive function and lateral driving stability was found. These findings highlight the interaction between age-related differences in executive functions and takeover performance; thus, provide implications for designing driver screening tests or human-machine interfaces.

scholarly journals Age-Related Long-Term Functional Results after Riboflavin UV A Corneal Cross-Linking

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Caporossi ◽  
Cosimo Mazzotta ◽  
Stefano Baiocchi ◽  
Tomaso Caporossi ◽  
Rosario Denaro
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Intermediate Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Paediatric Age

Purpose. To report a comparative prospective long-term functional analysis after Riboflavin UV A corneal cross-linking (CXL) in three different age groups of patients affected by progressive keratoconus (KC).Methods. Functional analysis comprised paediatric patients (≤18 years) included 152 eyes (29.5%); intermediate group (19–26 years) 286 eyes (55.4%), and adults (≥27 years) 78 eyes (15.1%). CXL was performed according to the Siena protocol by using the Vega CBM (Caporossi-Baiocchi-Mazzotta) X linker (CSO, Florence, Italy) at Siena University by the same authors. Pre- and post-op examinations included UCVA, BSCVA, corneal topography, and surface aberrometry (CSO Eye Top, Florence, Italy), at 48 months followup.Results. At 48 months followup paediatrics, intermediate, and adult patients showed a mean gain in UCVA of +0.2, +0.14 and +0.12 Snellen lines. BSCVA gained by a mean of +0.21, +0.2, and +0.1 Snellen lines.Kmaxwas reduced by a mean value of −0.9 D, −0.6 D, and −0.5 D, respectively. Coma values improved by a mean of −0.45 μm, −0.91 μm, and −0.19 μm, respectively. Treatment ensured a long-term keratoconus stabilization in over 90% of treated patients.Conclusion. According to our long-term comparative results, epithelium-off Riboflavin UV A cross-linking should be the first choice therapy of progressive KC, particularly in paediatric age and patients under 26 years.

scholarly journals Agility, acceleration, speed and maximum speed relationship with age factor in soccer playersFutbolcularda yaşa bağlı çeviklik, ivmelenme, sürat ve maksimum sürat ilişkisi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5660
Author(s):  
Ozan Sever ◽  
Erkal Arslanoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Factor ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
Physical Abilities

The aim of study was to investigate age-related agility, acceleration, speed and maximum speed relationships in soccer players. Study consisted of 125 young football players aged between 14 and 18 from Karabükspor youth and reserve team who were measured for 30m speed,10m acceleration, 20m maximum speed, and T-Agility tests. The test values of players decreased with age as expected. All performance tests correlated significantly but coefficients of determination (r2) between agility test and all other tests were low. Acceleration and other tests except 30m speed also were low. There were no differences in age groups in terms of correlation between tests. Because of low coefficients of determination, it could be said that maximal speed, acceleration, agility were correlated by chance and were different components of physical performance so different training sessions should be planned for each physical abilities. ÖzetÇalışmada futbolcuların sürat, çeviklik, ivmelenme ve maksimum sürat becerilerinin yaşa bağlı değişimi ve birbirleri ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Karabükspor altyapısı, A2 takımında 14-18 yaş aralığındaki 125 sporcu katılmıştır. Sporcuların 10m ivmelenme, 30m sürat ve T-Çeviklik ve 20 m maksimum sürat ölçümleri yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analiz SPSS 19 programında yapılıp, 0,05 anlamlılık değeri olarak kabul edilmiştir. Sporcuların, çeviklik, ivmelenme, sürat ve maksimum sürat ölçüm süreleri yaş ile birlikte düşüş göstermektedir. En belirgin düşüş çeviklik testinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Tüm ölçümler arasında pozitif doğrusal ilişki vardır. Bu ilişki yaş faktörü ile incelendiğinde anlamlılık devam etmiştir. Fakat açıklayıcılık katsayılarına(r2) bakıldığında çeviklik ile diğer tüm ölçümler, ivmelenme ile 30 metre sürat süresi hariç tüm ölçümlerde düşük ilişki söz konusudur. Yaşa bağlı değişimde çevikliğin, doğrusal koşulara göre daha belirgin geliştiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Açıklayıcılık katsayısının düşük bulunması futbolcuların çeviklik, ivmelenme, sürat becerilerinin birbirleri ile güçlü ilişkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir. Bu fiziksel becerilerin birbirlerinden ayrı özellikler olduğu, antrenman planlamalarının bu beceriler ayrı ele alınarak yapılmasının faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

scholarly journals Physical Skills in Male Volleyball Players 14-18 Years Old

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Altin Martiri
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Run Up

During the monitoring of volleyball teams in Albania during training, it was noticed that coaches pay more attention to technical elements and not to physical abilities to ages 14-18 years. The aim of this study was to find out the trend of improvement and differences with the age on physical abilities of male’s volleyball players in Albania. Methods: Participants in this study were N=43 volleyball players from two age categories; N=21, cadet (14-16 yrs.), N= 22 and junior (16-18 yrs.) Measurement for anthropometrics (body weight, body height) and physical abilities (push up test, curl-up test, standing long jump and vertical jump test) were assessed. Results: Analysis between two age categories shows significant differences. Showed results for anthropometrics and also for physical abilities showed differences between groups of volleyball players. Data of this study for jumping performance using vertical jump CMJ test between groups for cadet vs. junior data show (mean difference= 21.3 cm; Sig= 0.004) while for vertical jump Run up test between groups for cadet vs. junior data show (mean difference= 22.3 cm; Sig= 0.003). Conclusion: In the best interest of the study, it would be good if other teams were involved from different cities of Albania. Suggestions for other studies we recommend in comparing data by positions in the field. Trainers should plan training with these age groups different coordination programs not only technical. This study has limitations with regards to the sampling number of male volleyball players, which is justified for not having sufficient funds.

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