scholarly journals Behavior of Quarry Rock Dust, Fly Ash and Slag Based Geopolymer Concrete Columns Reinforced with Steel Fibers under Eccentric Loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6740
Author(s):  
Rana Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Faheem Butt
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Concrete Cover ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Rock Dust

Geopolymer concrete, also known as an earth-friendly concrete, has been under continuous study due to its environmental benefits and a sustainable alternative to conventional concrete construction. The supplies of many source materials, such as fly ash (FA) or slag (SG), to produce geopolymer concrete (GPC) may be limited; however, quarry rock dust (QRD) wastes (limestone, dolomite, or silica powders) formed by crushing rocks appear virtually endless. Although significant experimental research has been carried out on GPC, with a major focus on the mix design development, rheological, durability, and mechanical properties of the GPC mixes; still the information available on the structural behavior of GPC is rather limited. This has implications in extending GPC application from a laboratory-based technology to an at-site product. This study investigates the structural behavior of quarry-rock-dust-incorporated fiber-reinforced GPC columns under concentric and eccentric loading. In this study, a total of 20 columns with 200 mm square cross-section and 1000 mm height were tested. The FA and SG were used as source materials to produce GPC mixtures. The QRD was incorporated as a partial replacement (20%) of SG. The conventional concrete (CC) columns were prepared as the reference specimens. The effect of incorporating quarry rock dust as a replacement of SG, steel fibers, and loading conditions (concentric and eccentric loading) on the structural behavior of GPC columns were studied. The test results revealed that quarry rock dust is an adequate material that can be used as a source material in GPC to manufacture structural concrete members with satisfactory performance. The general performance of the GPC columns incorporating QRD (20%) is observed to be similar to that of GPC columns (without QRD) and CC columns. The addition of steel fibers considerably improves the loading capacity, ductility, and axial load–displacement behavior of the tested columns. The load capacities of fiber-reinforced GPC columns were about 5–7% greater in comparison to the CC columns. The spalling of concrete cover at failure was detected in all plain GPC columns, whereas the failure mode of all fiber-reinforced GPC columns is characterized with surface cracking leading to disintegration of concrete cover.

scholarly journals Resistance of Acid Attack on Geopolymer Concrete Developed with Partial Replacement of Course Aggregate by Recycled Aggregate

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12142-12146
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Acid Attack ◽  
Great Strength ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Binder Material

Geopolymer concrete is one of the major developments in recent years resulting in utilization of fly ash in huge quantities and eventually reducing cement consumption and ultimately reducing emission of greenhouse gases.The geopolymer concrete is produced by using activated fly ash as binder material instead of cement. Geopolymer concrete accomplishes great strength and looks similar to conventional concrete. Recycled coarse aggregate (RCA )which is coming from demolition of construction of old and existing structures has been used in this study. The durability property; acid attack resistance with partial replacement of coarse aggregate by recycled aggregate in geopolymer and conventional concrete for the different composition such as 10, 20, 30 and 40percentage for a period of 15, 45,75 and 105 days has been evaluated. From the results it was observed that in both natural and recycled aggregate of Geopolymer concrete is highly resistant to acids such as sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid compared to conventional concrete of respective aggregates.

Fracture Parameters of Fly Ash and GGBS Based Geopolymer Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 764-765 ◽  
pp. 1090-1094
Author(s):  
Tippabhotla D. Gunneswara Rao ◽  
P. Alfrite ◽  
G. Mallikarjuna Rao ◽  
Mudimby Andal
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Beam Depth ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Source Materials

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is a new construction material in which cement is totally replaced by calcined source materials fly ash and GGBS. Geopolymer utilization reduces or eliminates the use of cement whose production produces a lot of carbon dioxide. Usually fly ash as a source material for the geopolymer. The behavior of GPC has to be studied in detail to check its suitability in construction industry. In the present study, the fracture behavior of geopolymer concrete is investigated and compared. Three-point bending test on notched prisms with a/d (notch depth/beam depth) ratios 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 are considered. The values of Critical load, fracture toughness, fracture energy and ductility are presented. The test results of total of 27prisms, 6cubes, 18 cylinders with M30 grade geopolymer concrete and conventional concrete (OPC) of same grade are presented in this paper. The test results indicated that the characteristic length of GPC is about 25% more than that of conventional concrete.

scholarly journals Behaviour of Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 848-852
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Materials Used

This paper presents the behavior of geopolymer concrete with small and big fibers. The aluminosilicate materials used for geopolymer concrete are fly ash and GGBS. For this study standard cube, cylinder and beam specimens are casted and tested to investigate compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths. The experimental results shows that incorporation of steel fibers for the geopolymer mixes improve the strength properties. Few models are generated to estimate the strengths with alliance of cube compressive strength.

scholarly journals Study on Effect of Superplasticizer on GGBS Blended Geopolymer Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p45
Author(s):  
Vahini M. ◽  
K. Manjunatha ◽  
Venkatesh ◽  
Basappa Meti
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Binding Material ◽  
Alumino Silicate ◽  
Alkaline Activator ◽  
Source Materials

Geopolymer concrete is an alternate to conventional concrete with reduced carbon emission, embodied energy and global warming potential and transforming waste product into an useful material. Geopolymer concrete is produced by mixing highly alkaline activator solution with alumino silicate source materials. Geopolymer concrete is highly viscous or sticky in nature, to overcome this drawback, an attempt has been made to study the effect of naphthalene based superplasticizer on geopolymer concrete blended with GGBS. Fly ash was replaced by GGBS at 20% increment levels, keeping a constant superplasticizer dosage at 3% by weight of binding material. Workability and strength characteristics were compared with those of geopolymer concrete blended with GGBS without superplasticizer. Up to certain replacement level of fly ash with GGBS, results in decrease of strength parameters with increase in workability, further replacement results in increase of strength with reduced workability with the addition of superplasticizer.

scholarly journals Study of Proportional Variation of Geopolymer Concrete which Self Compacting Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Purwanto P. ◽  
Himawan Indarto
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Proportional Variation

Portland cement production process which is the conventional concrete constituent materials always has an impact on producing carbon dioxide (CO2) which will damage the environment. To maintain the continuity of development, while maintaining the environment, Portland cement substitution can be made with more environmentally friendly materials, namely fly ash. The substitution of fly ash material in concrete is known as geopolymer concrete. Fly ash is one of the industrial waste materials that can be used as geopolymer material. Fly ash is mineral residue in fine grains produced from coal combustion which is mashed at power plant power plant [15]. Many cement factories have used fly ash as mixture in cement, namely Portland Pozzolan Cement. Because fly ash contains SiO2, Al2O3, P2O3, and Fe2O3 which are quite high, so fly ash is considered capable of replacing cement completely.This study aims to obtain geopolymer concrete which has the best workability so that it is easy to work on (Workable Geopolymer Concrete / Self Compacting Geopolymer Concrete) and obtain the basic characteristics of geopolymer concrete material in the form of good workability and compressive strength. In this study, geopolymer concrete is composed of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, fly ash type F, and activators in the form of NaOH and Na2SiO3 Be52. In making geopolymer concrete, additional ingredients such as superplastizer are added to increase the workability of geopolymer concrete. From this research, the results of concrete compressive strength above fc' 25 MPa and horizontal slump values reached 60 to 80 centimeters.

Properties of Fresh and Hardened Glass Fiber Reinforced Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 629-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Nematollahi ◽  
Jay Sanjayan ◽  
Jessie Xia Hui Chai ◽  
Tsui Ming Lu
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Hardened Glass ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Compressive And Flexural Strengths

This paper evaluates the effects of glass fiber addition on the properties of fresh and hardened fly ash based geopolymer concrete (GPC) activated by 8 M NaOH solution (28.6%) + Na2SiO3 (71.4%) with a SiO2/Na2O ratio of 2.0. Glass fibers at the dosages of 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00% and 1.25% by volume of concrete were added to the GPC mix. The properties of fresh and hardened glass fiber reinforced fly ash based GPC in terms of workability, density, compressive and flexural strengths were compared with those of the fly ash based GPC without using glass fiber. The experimental results indicated that inclusion of the glass fibers resulted in decrease of the workability but increase of the density, compressive and flexural strengths of the fly ash based GPC with increased fiber content.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Prediction of Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Concrete

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Dao ◽  
Hai-Bang Ly ◽  
Son Trinh ◽  
Tien-Thinh Le ◽  
Binh Pham
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) has been used as a partial replacement of Portland cement concrete (PCC) in various construction applications. In this paper, two artificial intelligence approaches, namely adaptive neuro fuzzy inference (ANFIS) and artificial neural network (ANN), were used to predict the compressive strength of GPC, where coarse and fine waste steel slag were used as aggregates. The prepared mixtures contained fly ash, sodium hydroxide in solid state, sodium silicate solution, coarse and fine steel slag aggregates as well as water, in which four variables (fly ash, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate solution, and water) were used as input parameters for modeling. A total number of 210 samples were prepared with target-specified compressive strength at standard age of 28 days of 25, 35, and 45 MPa. Such values were obtained and used as targets for the two AI prediction tools. Evaluation of the model’s performance was achieved via criteria such as mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The results showed that both ANN and ANFIS models have strong potential for predicting the compressive strength of GPC but ANFIS (MAE = 1.655 MPa, RMSE = 2.265 MPa, and R2 = 0.879) is better than ANN (MAE = 1.989 MPa, RMSE = 2.423 MPa, and R2 = 0.851). Sensitivity analysis was then carried out, and it was found that reducing one input parameter could only make a small change to the prediction performance.

scholarly journals Evaluating Optimum Strength of Geopolymer Concrete using Quarry Rock Dust with inclusion of natural and hybrid fibers under ambient curing

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Hybrid Fibers ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Rock Dust

Conventionally used cement –a primary binder also a necessitate element in producing concrete rates first in the construction industry. Production of conventional cement requires a greater skill and is energy intensive. The usage of waste materials in the production of concrete and reduction in cement content was only the possible alternative in the past decade. Associated risks with the production of Ordinary Portland Cement are well known. A greener aided with a natural friendly claim can be made only with the usage of the waste materials and reduction in evolving respiration gas to the atmosphere. Almost all works are carried out using source material fly ash, with fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. Concrete plays a vital role in the construction industry and on the other hand, river sand; one of the essential material has become very expensive which is a scarce material. Depletion of sand is a hectic issue due to increased usage of sand in construction. No other replacement materials such as quarry rock dust is not concentrated in casting geopolymer specimens. Even though in some research papers the replacement materials are added only in partial replacement without aiming on 100% replacement. Many researches mainly focus towards test results of GPC specimens using steel fibers, glass fibers. But the study related to natural fibers and hybrid fibers are found scarce. The main part of this work aimed at characterizing the engineering strength properties of geopolymer concrete by 100% replacement of fine aggregate with quarry rock dust. Hence, combination of flyash and quarry rock dust in GPC have been considered for evaluating the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete. Also, investigation focuses on incorporation of three different fibers namely polypropylene fibers(PF), coir fibers(CF) and hybrid fibers(HF) in different percentage of proportions such as 0.5%,1%,and 1.5% to determine the maximum strength properties of GPC.

scholarly journals Investigative Study of Partial Replacement of Cement with Bio-Cement, Fly Ash and Natural Pozzolans

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 432-436
Author(s):  
Dr.Sarvesh, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Main Property ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Natural Pozzolans ◽  
The Impact

Concrete is usually a combination of cement, coarse particles (aggregates and Sand) and water. It is used to design and improve the infrastructures.It is used to design and improve the infrastructures. Concrete has many advantages and disadvantage. The main property that is characteristic to a concrete’s workability is its compressive strength. Only through this single test, one can judge if cementing has been done appropriately. Possible advancements for development include the use of non-traditional and creative materials, and the reuse of waste materials with a specific end goal to replenish the absence of specific assets and to discover alternative ways to monitor the Earth..This investigation concentrate on Compressive strength, flexural and split tensile strength of Conventional Concrete (CC) and Class C fly ash remains with bio-cement and natural pozzolans to consider the impact of bio-concrete with blend extents of 0%,0.25%,0.5%,1% and 1.5% on quality properties. Moreover, effective self-healing usually occurred due to the use of polymers, microorganism and additional cementing material. It is the key issue to find out the self-healing efficiency’s effect to sealing the crack width successfully. And good resistance was observed during the bacterial chemical process against the freeze and thaw attacks.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of Quarry Rock Dust Incorporated Steel Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete and Residual Properties after Exposure to Elevated Temperatures

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6890
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ibraheem ◽  
Faheem Butt ◽  
Rana Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Khadim Hussain ◽  
Rana Faisal Tufail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete

The purpose of this research is to study the effects of quarry rock dust (QRD) and steel fibers (SF) inclusion on the fresh, mechanical, and microstructural properties of fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (SG)-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) exposed to elevated temperatures. Such types of ternary mixes were prepared by blending waste materials from different industries, including QRD, SG, and FA, with alkaline activator solutions. The multiphysical models show that the inclusion of steel fibers and binders can enhance the mechanical properties of GPC. In this study, a total of 18 different mix proportions were designed with different proportions of QRD (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) and steel fibers (0.75% and 1.5%). The slag was replaced by different proportions of QRD in fly ash, and SG-based GPC mixes to study the effect of QRD incorporation. The mechanical properties of specimens, i.e., compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength, were determined by testing cubes, cylinders, and prisms, respectively, at different ages (7, 28, and 56 days). The specimens were also heated up to 800 °C to evaluate the resistance of specimens to elevated temperature in terms of residual compressive strength and weight loss. The test results showed that the mechanical strength of GPC mixes (without steel fibers) increased by 6–11%, with an increase in QRD content up to 15% at the age of 28 days. In contrast, more than 15% of QRD contents resulted in decreasing the mechanical strength properties. Incorporating steel fibers in a fraction of 0.75% by volume increased the compressive, tensile, and flexural strength of GPC mixes by 15%, 23%, and 34%, respectively. However, further addition of steel fibers at 1.5% by volume lowered the mechanical strength properties. The optimal mixture of QRD incorporated FA-SG-based GPC (QFS-GPC) was observed with 15% QRD and 0.75% steel fibers contents considering the performance in workability and mechanical properties. The results also showed that under elevated temperatures up to 800 °C, the weight loss of QFS-GPC specimens persistently increased with a consistent decrease in the residual compressive strength for increasing QRD content and temperature. Furthermore, the microstructure characterization of QRD blended GPC mixes were also carried out by performing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).

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