scholarly journals Age-Related Alterations in the Behavior and Serotonin-Related Gene mRNA Levels in the Brain of Males and Females of Short-Lived Turquoise Killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri)

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
Valentina S. Evsiukova ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kulikova ◽  
Alexander V. Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Nothobranchius Furzeri ◽  
Males And Females

Short-lived turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) have become a popular model organism for neuroscience. In the present paper we study for the first time their behavior in the novel tank diving test and the levels of mRNA of various 5-HT-related genes in brains of 2-, 4- and 6-month-old males and females of N. furzeri. The marked effect of age on body mass, locomotor activity and the mRNA level of Tph1b, Tph2, Slc6a4b, Mao, Htr1aa, Htr2a, Htr3a, Htr3b, Htr4, Htr6 genes in the brains of N. furzeri males was shown. Locomotor activity and expression of the Mao gene increased, while expression of Tph1b, Tph2, Slc6a4b, Htr1aa, Htr2a, Htr3a, Htr3b, Htr4, Htr6 genes decreased in 6-month-old killifish. Significant effects of sex on body mass as well as on mRNA level of Tph1a, Tph1b, Tph2, Slc6a4b, Htr1aa, 5-HT2a, Htr3a, Htr3b, Htr4, and Htr6 genes were revealed: in general both the body mass and the expression of these genes were higher in males. N. furzeri is a suitable model with which to study the fundamental problems of age-related alterations in various mRNA levels related with the brains 5-HT system.

scholarly journals Annual body mass index gain and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in a subsequent pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tano ◽  
Tomomi Kotani ◽  
Takafumi Ushida ◽  
Masato Yoshihara ◽  
Kenji Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Age Related ◽  
History Of

AbstractWeight gain during interpregnancy period is related to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). However, in interpregnancy care/counseling, the unpredictability of the timing of the next conception and the difficulties in preventing age-related body weight gain must be considered while setting weight management goals. Therefore, we suggest considering the annual change in the body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to clarify the association between annual BMI changes during the interpregnancy period and HDP risk in subsequent pregnancies. A multicenter retrospective study of data from 2009 to 2019 examined the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of HDP in subsequent pregnancies. The aORs in several annual BMI change categories were also calculated in the subgroups classified by HDP occurrence in the index pregnancy. This study included 1,746 pregnant women. A history of HDP (aOR, 16.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.62 − 29.22), and annual BMI gain (aOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.76 − 3.01) were independent risk factors for HDP in subsequent pregnancies. An annual BMI increase of ≥ 1.0 kg/m2/year was related to HDP development in subsequent pregnancies for women without a history of HDP. This study provides data as a basis for interpregnancy care/counseling, but further research is necessary to validate our findings and confirm this relationship.

scholarly journals Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Enhanced Vasodilation in Metabolic Syndrome Rats by Apelin and N-Acetyl–l-Cysteine-Sensitive Factor(s)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satomi Kagota ◽  
Kana Maruyama-Fumoto ◽  
Saki Iwata ◽  
Miho Shimari ◽  
Shiori Koyanagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
At1 Receptor ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sensitive Factor

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) can regulate vascular tone. In mesenteric arteries of SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr rats (SHRSP.ZF) with metabolic syndrome, vascular dysfunction is compensated by PVAT-dependent mechanisms that disappear with increasing age. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of the age-related changes and responsible factor(s) involved in the enhancing effects of mesenteric arterial PVAT in SHRSP.ZF. Acetylcholine- and sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxations of isolated arteries were greater with PVAT than without PVAT at 17 and 20 weeks of age (wks), and as expected, this enhancement by the presence of PVAT disappeared at 23 wks. PVAT mRNA levels of angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor-associated protein was less and AT1 receptor was unchanged at 23 wks when compared to 20 wks. At 20 wks, the enhanced acetylcholine-induced relaxation by the presence of PVAT was inhibited by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Acetylcholine-induced relaxation of arteries without PVAT was increased in the presence of exogenously added apelin. PVAT mRNA level of apelin was higher in SHRSP.ZF than in control Wistar-Kyoto rats, and the level was decreased with aging. These results suggest that AT1 receptor activation in PVAT, and changes in the regulation of apelin and a NAC-sensitive factor are related to the age-dependent deterioration of the vasodilation enhancing effects of mesenteric arterial PVAT in SHRSP.ZF.

scholarly journals The pattern of X-inactivation in Human X-linked Disorders and their Model Organisms: A literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Yixin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Phenotype ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
X Inactivation ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Specific Disorders

X-inactivation is a strategy in female mammals aiming at maximizing gene inactivation of one single X chromosome in order to balance X dosage between males and females. Various human X-linked disorders have been reported related to one or more X-inactivation patterns. It is necessary to understand their relationship to study X-linked disorders. Current researches largely rely on clinical phenotype research and model organism. Considering the differences between human and model organisms, it is vital to find a suitable model of a specific disorder. The paper reviews different patterns and specific disorders linked with X-inac tivation. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of applying specific model organisms in different disorders will be discussed.

scholarly journals IL-6 deficiency attenuates p53 protein accumulation in aged male mouse hippocampus

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Bialuk ◽  
Magdalena Cieślińska ◽  
Oksana Kowalczuk ◽  
Tomasz A. Bonda ◽  
Jacek Nikliński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
P53 Protein ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Mdm2 Protein ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Abstract Our earlier studies demonstrated slower age-related memory decline in IL-6-deficient than in control mice. Therefore, in the present study we evaluated the effect of IL-6 deficiency and aging on expression of p53, connected with accumulation of age-related cellular damages, in hippocampus of 4- and 24-month-old IL-6-deficient C57BL/6J (IL-6KO) and wild type control (WT) mice. The accumulation of p53 protein in hippocampus of aged IL-6KO mice was significantly lower than in aged WT ones, while p53 mRNA level was significantly higher in IL-6-deficient mice, what indicates that the effect was independent on p53 transcription. Presence of few apoptotic cells in hippocampal dentate gyrus and lack of changes in levels of pro-apoptotic Bax, antiapoptotic Bcl-2, as well as in p21 protein in aged animals of both genotypes, points to low transcriptional activity of p53, especially in aged WT mice. Because the amount of p53 protein did not correlate with the level of Mdm2 protein, its main negative regulator, other than Mdm2-dependent mechanism was involved in p53 build-up. Significantly higher mRNA levels of autophagy-associated genes: Pten, Tsc2, and Dram1 in IL-6KO mice, in conjunction with significantly lower amount of Bcl-2 protein in 4-month-old IL-6KO mice, suggests that lack of IL-6/STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling could account for better autophagy performance in these mice, preventing excessive accumulation of proteins. Taken together, attenuated p53 protein build-up, absence of enhanced apoptosis, and transcriptional up-regulation of autophagy-associated genes imply that IL-6 deficiency may protect hippocampus from age-related accumulation of cellular damages.

Elevated β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration in adipose tissue from obese subjects is closely related to the body mass index and waist/hip ratio

2003 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads RASMUSSEN ◽  
Thomas ALMDAL ◽  
Palle BRATHOLM ◽  
Niels Juel CHRISTENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Obese Subjects

The aim of the present study was to quantify β2-adrenoceptor protein content in adipose tissue during fasting, and to study the relationships between β2-adrenoceptor protein and mRNA levels and changes in metabolites related to lipolysis. Groups of male subjects with a body mass index of <25kg/m2 or >30kg/m2 fasted for 60h. Abdominal subcutaneous fat biopsies were analysed for receptor mRNA levels by reverse transcription–PCR–HPLC. The β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration was measured by Western blotting using fluorescence laser scanning for detection. The β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration per cell (on a DNA basis) was higher in obese subjects (P<0.03). There were highly significant relationships between β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration and both body mass index and waist/hip ratio (P<0.001 for both). Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship between the receptor protein concentration and the serum β-hydroxybutyrate level during fasting (P<0.005). β2-Adrenoceptor protein levels decreased in both groups during fasting, to a similar degree. Basal β2-adrenoceptor mRNA levels were similar in the two groups, but there was a smaller increase in the obese group during fasting (P<0.03). The increased β2-adrenoceptor protein level in obese subjects is likely to be related to the greater plasma membrane area of their adipocytes. The decrease during fasting may be due to increased binding of noradrenaline and subsequent internalization and degradation of the receptor. Elevated levels of less responsive β2-adrenoceptor protein in obese subjects may contribute to the development of obesity.

Changes in the body composition of Velvet Scoters (Melanitta fusca) wintering in the Gulf of Gdańsk

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Meissner ◽  
Izabela Fischer ◽  
Szymon Bzoma
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Gulf Of Gdańsk ◽  
Migration Strategy ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Gulf Of Gdansk ◽  
Melanitta Fusca

AbstractBody mass and body composition of 27 adult Velvet Scoters (Melanitta fusca) were studied. These birds were collected from January to March in the Gulf of Gdańsk, Poland. Body mass, fat, and protein contents of both males and females decreased significantly between mid and late winter, possibly because of a physiological process or a result of worsening environmental conditions. In mid-winter, the mean body mass of males and females did not differ significantly, whereas in late winter the difference in body mass between sexes became prominent. There was no difference in fat mass between the sexes, but females had higher lipid indexes despite their smaller size. The lack of expected fat mass increase in late winter may be due to the spring migration strategy of Velvet Scoters, which apparently opt to fly short distances rather than make long non-stop flights after departure from the Gulf of Gdańsk. Body mass was the best predictor of fat mass accumulated by Velvet Scoters wintering in the Gulf of Gdańsk.

scholarly journals Gender and anthropometric effects on whole-body vibration power absorption of the seated body

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
KN Dewangan ◽  
S Rakheja ◽  
P Marcotte
Keyword(s):  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vertical Vibration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Absorbed Power ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Support Conditions

The gender and anthropometric effects on vibration absorbed power characteristics of the seated body are investigated through measurements with 31 males and 27 females considering two different back support conditions, and three levels of vertical vibration (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 m/s2 rms acceleration) in the 0.5–20 Hz frequency range. The absorbed power responses for the males and females revealed strong gender effect, which could be mostly related to differences in body mass of the two groups. Subsequent analyses were conducted considering different datasets grouped corresponding to three ranges of the body mass-, build-, and stature-related parameters for both the males and females. Notable differences were evident in the absorbed power responses of the males and females with comparable anthropometric dimensions. Males revealed significantly higher peak and total absorbed power responses compared to the females of comparable anthropometric dimensions, except for the lean body mass. The differences, however, were relatively small in the data for males and females of comparable body mass. The peak power for the females, invariably, occurred at a lower frequency than that for the males. The total absorbed power responses revealed some degree of correlations with the body mass, lean body mass, body fat, and hip circumference ( r2>0.60), irrespective of the back support condition and excitation magnitude for both the genders.

scholarly journals Sex-specific body mass ageing trajectories in adult Asian elephants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas D. Lalande ◽  
Virpi Lummaa ◽  
Htoo H. Aung ◽  
Win Htut ◽  
U. Kyaw Nyein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
The Body ◽  
Captive Population ◽  
Natural Death ◽  
Asian Elephants ◽  
Female Body Mass ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Longitudinal Dataset

Sex-specific life-histories are thought to shape senescence patterns differently for males and females. In species with marked sexual dimorphism and where one sex is undergoing stronger intrasexual competition, it is expected that this sex ages earlier or quicker. Here, we utilise a unique, longitudinal dataset of a semi-captive population of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) to describe the body mass ageing trajectories in this species with marked sexual dimorphism in size and lifespan, with males being larger and living shorter. Our results show sex-specific ageing trajectories: males gained weight throughout their life, at a diminishing rate until natural death. In contrast, adult female body mass did not change significantly with age until an abrupt decline during the last year of life. Our study shows that sex-specific life-histories shape ageing patterns contrary to those predicted by classical theory and expands the previously described diversity of ageing dynamics.

scholarly journals Ontogenetic Pattern Changes of Nucleobindin-2/Nesfatin-1 in the Brain and Intestinal Bulb of the Short Lived African Turquoise Killifish

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Montesano ◽  
Elena De Felice ◽  
Adele Leggieri ◽  
Antonio Palladino ◽  
Carla Lucini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Nothobranchius Furzeri ◽  
Food Intake Regulation ◽  
Mammalian Stomach ◽  
Regulate Food Intake ◽  
Intake Regulation ◽  
The Brain

Nesfatin-1 (Nesf-1) was identified as an anorexigenic and well conserved molecule in rodents and fish. While tissue distribution of NUCB2 (Nucleobindin 2)/Nesf-1 is discretely known in vertebrates, reports on ontogenetic expression are scarce. Here, we examine the age-related central and peripheral expression of NUCB2/Nesf-1 in the teleost African turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri, a consolidated model organism for aging research. We focused our analysis on brain areas responsible for the regulation of food intake and the rostral intestinal bulb, which is analogous of the mammalian stomach. We hypothesize that in our model, the stomach equivalent structure is the main source of NUCB2 mRNA, displaying higher expression levels than those observed in the brain, mainly during aging. Remarkably, its expression significantly increased in the rostral intestinal bulb compared to the brain, which is likely due to the typical anorexia of aging. When analyzing the pattern of expression, we confirmed the distribution in diencephalic areas involved in food intake regulation at all age stages. Interestingly, in the rostral bulb, NUCB2 mRNA was localized in the lining epithelium of young and old animals, while Nesf-1 immunoreactive cells were distributed in the submucosae. Taken together, our results represent a useful basis for gaining deeper knowledge regarding the mechanisms that regulate food intake during vertebrate aging.

Changes of Metallothionein 1 and 3 mRNA Levels with Age in Brain of Senescence-Accelerated Mice and The Effects of Acupuncture

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 435-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingyi Wen ◽  
Xiaonong Fan ◽  
Mingchun Li ◽  
Jingxian Han ◽  
Xuemin Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Zigzag Pattern ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mice

The effects of aging and acupuncture on brain MT1 and MT3 mRNA levels in senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP10) and accelerated senescence resistant mice (SAMR1) were analyzed by Northern blot analysis. Both MT1 and MT3 mRNA levels in SAMR1 were increased significantly from birth to month 4 and decreased gradually thereafter. In SAMP10, the MT3 mRNA level followed the same pattern as in SAMR1 before month 4, then decreased from month 4 to 6, but was over-expressed and exceeded the previous level at month 8. The MT1 mRNA expression in SAMP10 showed a zigzag pattern. Of two groups of SAMP10 mice treated with acupuncture, the Xingnao group (PC6 and Du26 as acupoints) and the Zibuganshen group (BL18 and BL23 as acupoints), both showed a higher MT1 mRNA level and a lower MT3 mRNA level than the age-matched control group. Meanwhile, in both of the acupuncture groups, the ratios of MT3 to MT1 were down-regulated to the normal range. Overall, these results suggested that over-expression of MT3 mRNA and the increase in MT3 to MT1 ratios in SAMP10 were correlated with aging, and could be an important physiological and pathological event in the aging process. Acupuncture altered the expression levels of MT1 and MT3 mRNA and differences between the effects of the two stimulated acupoints were seen. Therefore, maintenance of the balance between MTs mRNA expression and correct MTs concentrations is crucial for brain-endocrine-immune response and normal aging. Acupuncture could improve zinc ion bioavailability, by maintaining the balance between MT1 and MT3 mRNA expression levels and might explain one of the mechanisms by which acupuncture treatments defer aging and treat some age-related neurodegenerative diseases.

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