scholarly journals The Application of 3D-Printing Techniques in the Manufacturing of Cement-Based Construction Products and Experiences Based on the Assessment of Such Products

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Guillermo Sotorrío Ortega ◽  
Javier Alonso Madrid ◽  
Nils O. E. Olsson ◽  
José Antonio Tenorio Ríos
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Printing Techniques

The construction industry has embraced digitisation and industrialisation in response to the need to increase its productivity, optimise material consumption and improve workmanship. Additive manufacturing (AM), more widely known as 3D printing, has driven substantial progress in these respects in other industries, and a number of national and international projects have helped to introduce the technique to the construction industry. As with other innovative processes not covered by uniform standards, appropriate assessments and testing methodologies to control the quality of the 3D-printed end products, while not obligatory, are advisable. This article shows that regulation is not an obstacle to the use of an innovative product, such as 3D printing, by proposing quality-control tests and an assessment methodology, in the understanding that standardisation ensures the viability of a technology. The information, including the methods and results, is based on the authors’ experiences in the development of three research projects pertaining to 3D printing. This paper also discusses whether the performance of the materials used in 3D printing could be superior to traditional ones.

Biomimetic Design of 3D Printed Tissue-engineered bone Constructs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Shifeng Liu ◽  
Yunzhe Li ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Qian ma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Bionic Design ◽  
Material Interfaces ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Cell Printing ◽  
Biomimetic Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract:: Surgery to repair damaged tissue, which is caused by disease or trauma, is being carried out all the time, and a desirable treatment is compelling need to regenerate damaged tissues to further improve the quality of human health. Therefore, more and more research focus on exploring the most suitable bionic design to enrich available treatment methods. 3D-printing, as an advanced materials processing approach, holds promising potential to create prototypes with complex constructs that could reproduce primitive tissues and organs as much as possible or provide appropriate cell-material interfaces. In a sense, 3D printing promises to bridge between tissue engineering and bionic design, which can provide an unprecedented personalized recapitulation with biomimetic function under the precise control of the composition and spatial distribution of cells and biomaterials. This article describes recent progress in 3D bionic design and the potential application prospect of 3D printing regenerative medicine including 3D printing biomimetic scaffolds and 3D cell printing in tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Off-Axis Diffractive Optics for Compact Terahertz Detection Setup

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8594
Author(s):  
Paweł Komorowski ◽  
Mateusz Surma ◽  
Michał Walczakowski ◽  
Przemysław Zagrajek ◽  
Agnieszka Siemion
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Thz Radiation ◽  
Direct Printing ◽  
Terahertz Detection ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Techniques ◽  
Optical Structure

Medical and many other applications require small-volume setups enabling terahertz imaging. Therefore, we aim to develop a device for the in-reflection examination of the samples. Thus, in this article, we focus on the diffractive elements for efficient redirection and focusing of the THz radiation. A terahertz diffractive optical structure has been designed, optimized, manufactured (using extrusion-based 3D printing) and tested. Two manufacturing methods have been used—direct printing of the structures from PA12, and casting of the paraffin structures out of 3D-printed molds. Also, the limitations of the off-axis focusing have been discussed. To increase the efficiency, an iterative algorithm has been proposed that optimizes off-axis structures to focus the radiation into small focal spots located far from the optical axis, at an angle of more than 30 degrees. Moreover, the application of higher-order kinoform structure design allowed the maintaining of the smallest details of the manufactured optical element, using 3D printing techniques.

scholarly journals DESIGN OF A 3D-PRINTED THREE-CLAW ROBOTIC GRIPPER END-EFFECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Dino Dominic Forte Ligutan ◽  
Argel Alejandro Bandala ◽  
Jason Limon Española ◽  
Richard Josiah Calayag Tan Ai ◽  
Ryan Rhay Ponce Vicerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Grip Force ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Metal Work

The development of a novel 3D-printed three-claw robotic gripper shall be described in this paper with the goal of incorporating various design considerations. Such considerations include the grip reliability and stability, grip force maximization, wide object grasping capability. Modularization of its components is another consideration that allows its parts to be easily machined and reusable. The design was realized by 3D printing using a combination of tough polylactic acid (PLA) material and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material. In practice, additional tolerances were also considered for 3D printing of materials to compensate for possible expansion or shrinkage of the materials used to achieve the required functionality. The aim of the study is to explore the design and eventually deploy the three-claw robotic gripper to an actual robotic arm once its metal work fabrication is finished.

scholarly journals Features of Non-Tariff Regulation of Construction Products Market in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National System ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Quality Of Products

The article deals with the issue of state regulation over the construction products industry. Analysis resulted in the identification of two main forms of regulation: tariff and non-tariff regulation. Global practices show the effectiveness of non-tariff regulation in the construction industry. Being a WTO member, Ukraine has to implement the legal framework of non-tariff regulation, in regards to those aspects contributing to compliance with the rating and standards of the European Union to ensure the quality of products. The main objective of non-tariff market regulation is to ensure the quality of finished products, environmental protection, health and safety of life. The national system of regulation, including technical rate-setting of the construction products manufacturing must comply with the international documents ratified by Ukraine. The article analyzes the domestic legal framework and proposes an algorithm for designing a national system of non-tariff regulation in accordance with international rules and standards.

scholarly journals Approaches of combining a 3D-printed elastic structure and a hydrogel to create models for plant-inspired actuators

MRS Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Rodriguez ◽  
Anil K. Bastola ◽  
Marc Behl ◽  
Patricia Soffiatti ◽  
Nick P. Rowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Passive Component ◽  
Material System ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Techniques

Abstract Inspired by the interesting functional traits of a climbing cactus, Selenicereus setaceus, found in the forest formations of Southeastern Brazil, we formulated a hypothesis that we can directly learn from the plants to develop multi-functional artificial systems by means of a multi-disciplinary approach. In this context, our approach is to take advantage of 3D-printing techniques and shape-memory hydrogels synergistically to mimic the functional traits of the cactus. This work reports on the preliminary investigation of cactus-inspired artificial systems. First, we 3D-printed soft polymeric materials and characterized them, which defines the structure and is a passive component of a multi-material system. Second, different hydrogels were synthesized and characterized, which is an active component of a multi-material system. Finally, we investigated how the hydrogel can be integrated into the 3D-printed constructs to develop artificial functional systems. Graphic abstract

3D printing of biofiber-reinforced composites and their mechanical properties: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113-1129
Author(s):  
Lai Jiang ◽  
Xiaobo Peng ◽  
Daniel Walczyk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Pure Resin

Purpose This paper aims to summarize the up-to-date research performed on combinations of various biofibers and resin systems used in different three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies, including powder-based, material extrusion, solid-sheet and liquid-based systems. Detailed information about each process, including materials used and process design, are described, with the resultant products’ mechanical properties compared with those of 3D-printed parts produced from pure resin or different material combinations. In most processes introduced in this paper, biofibers are beneficial in improving the mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts and the biodegradability of the parts made using these green materials is also greatly improved. However, research on 3D printing of biofiber-reinforced composites is still far from complete, and there are still many further studies and research areas that could be explored in the future. Design/methodology/approach The paper starts with an overview of the current scenario of the composite manufacturing industry and then the problems of advanced composite materials are pointed out, followed by an introduction of biocomposites. The main body of the paper covers literature reviews of recently emerged 3D printing technologies that were applied to biofiber-reinforced composite materials. This part is classified into subsections based on the form of the starting materials used in the 3D printing process. A comprehensive conclusion is drawn at the end of the paper summarizing the findings by the authors. Findings Most of the biofiber-reinforced 3D-printed products exhibited improved mechanical properties than products printed using pure resin, indicating that biofibers are good replacements for synthetic ones. However, synthetic fibers are far from being completely replaced by biofibers due to several of their disadvantages including higher moisture absorbance, lower thermal stability and mechanical properties. Many studies are being performed to solve these problems, yet there are still some 3D printing technologies in which research concerning biofiber-reinforced composite parts is quite limited. This paper unveils potential research directions that would further develop 3D printing in a sustainable manner. Originality/value This paper is a summary of attempts to use biofibers as reinforcements together with different resin systems as the starting material for 3D printing processes, and most of the currently available 3D printing techniques are included herein. All of these attempts are solutions to some principal problems with current 3D printing processes such as the limit in the variety of materials and the poor mechanical performance of 3D printed parts. Various types of biofibers are involved in these studies. This paper unveils potential research directions that would further widen the use of biofibers in 3D printing in a sustainable manner.

scholarly journals Beam Scanning Capabilities of a 3D-Printed Perforated Dielectric Transmitarray

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Massaccesi ◽  
Gianluca Dassano ◽  
Paola Pirinoli
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Multibeam Antenna ◽  
Beam Scanning ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Ka Band ◽  
Measured Radiation ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Techniques

In this paper, the design of a beam scanning, 3D-printed dielectric Transmitarray (TA) working in Ka-band is discussed. Thanks to the use of an innovative three-layer dielectric unit-cell that exploits tapered sections to enhance the bandwidth, a 50 × 50 elements transmitarray with improved scanning capabilities and wideband behavior has been designed and experimentally validated. The measured radiation performances over a scanning coverage of ±27 ∘ shown a variation of the gain lower than 2.9 dB and a 1-dB bandwidth in any case higher than 23%. The promising results suggest that the proposed TA technology is a valid alternative to realize a passive multibeam antenna, with the additional advantage that it can be easily manufactured using 3D-printing techniques.

Digital transformation and 3D printing of transtibial load-bearing prosthesis in India: recent advances, challenges and future perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soikat Ghosh Moulic ◽  
Sanjoy Singh ◽  
Riyaz Hussain ◽  
Girish Murthy ◽  
Yash Khawade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Assistive Devices ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Printing Techniques

The field of rehabilitation and assistive technology has witnessed various approaches and changes in the course of its evolution. Traditional materials like wood or heavy metals have been replaced by resins and plastics. The need to deliver assistive devices has quickly resulted in the creation of new technologies like 3D printing and digital transformation, internet of things IoT. This article addresses the development of applying digital transformation and 3D printing techniques to produce socket designs for weight bearing transtibial prosthetic system. It also focus on efficacy of the load-bearing transtibial sockets, design philosophies involved, materials used and the forthcoming challenges. This initiative involves experienced clinical prosthetists, product designers, digital modelers and additive manufacturing engineers working toward this application.

THE OCCURRENCE OF BUILDING DEFECTS DURING DEFECT LIABILITY PERIOD (DLP)

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Che Hasim ◽  
A. Akhavan Tabassi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Common ◽  
Materials Used

Malaysia is a developing country with various projects and it can generate new economy and can also provide benefit to firms and protection to the residents. However, there are some firms have acted unprofessionally by not using the correct specification. Therefore, there have been many complaints about defects on the home purchased, in terms of quality of work and materials used. Defects liability period (DLP) is a term that the contractor is obliged to remedy the defects occurs in this period. The research presented in this paper aims to broaden previous research on defects by analyzing the defects during DLP, which usually lasts 12 months after the handover period, and aimed to identify the common contribution cause of defects to buildings. The data were obtained from site observation and questionnaire from various players in the construction industry of Malaysia. The finding of this study can be used for future references andcan improve the effectiveness of managing defects in the future of the industry.

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