Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia among Children in Zanzibar, Tanzania: Analysis of Cross-Sectional Population Representative Surveys

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of anemia and its determinants among children aged 6–59 months in Zanzibar, Tanzania, from 2005 to 2015. We used secondary data from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys from three different periods: 2005, 2010, and 2015. A sample of 3502 child-mother pairs from three survey datasets was used to analyze the overall prevalence of anemia and reveal its determinants. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to demonstrate the prevalence odds ratio of factors, both from the mothers and children, for anemia prevalence. The study indicated a significant decrease in anemia prevalence from 76.1% in 2005 to 65.4% in 2015 (p < 0.001). Hierarchical logistic regression between variables and anemia showed a significant association (p = 0.02) with households that improperly disposed of stool, children with minimum dietary diversity (p = 0.041), children in low age quartiles (p = < 0.001), and underweight children (p = 0.025). Maternal, household characteristics, and child factors were associated with childhood anemia in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Despite the significant decrease of anemia in Zanzibar, the overall prevalence rate is still a significant public health concern. Designing and strengthening comprehensive interventions to address anemia in the general population and different categories should be given special consideration.

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Statistical Modeling of Determinants of Anemia Prevalence among Children Aged 6–59 Months in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Anemia ◽

10.1155/2020/4891965 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ropo Ebenezer Ogunsakin ◽

Bayowa Teniola Babalola ◽

Oludare Akinyemi

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Childhood Anemia ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia

Objective. Childhood anemia remains a significant public health challenge in developing countries, and it has negative consequences on the growth of the children. Therefore, it is essential to identify the determinants of childhood anemia, as these will help in formulating appropriate health policies in order to meet the United Nations MDG goal. This study aims to assess and model the determinants of the prevalence of anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Nigeria. To accomplish the aims of the study, the authors applied single-level and multilevel binary logistic regression models. Methods. To measure the relative impact of individual and household-level factors for childhood anemia among children aged 6–59 months, this study undertakes data from Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys with both binary logistic and multilevel logistic regression models. The fit of the model was assessed by Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit, variance inflation factor, and likelihood ratio tests. Results. The study established that about 67.01% of the children were anemic and identified sex of children, mother’s education, religion, household wealth status, total children ever born, age of children, place of residence, and region to have a statistical significant effect on the prevalence of anemia. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for anemia was 0.56 (95% CI = 0.50, 0.63) in children aged from 24 to 42 months and 0.40 (95% CI = 0.36, 0.45) in children aged from 43 to 59 months. Also, children who reside in certain geographical-political zones of Nigeria are associated with increased childhood anemia. Conclusion. This study has highlighted the high prevalence of childhood anemia in Nigeria and indicated the need to improve mothers’ education and regional variations. Findings from this study can help policymakers and public health institutions to map out programs targeting these regions as a measure of tackling the prevalence of anemia among the Nigerian populace.

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Examining the Dietary Diversity of Children in Niger

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13092961 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 2961

Author(s):

Nafissatou Cisse Egbuonye ◽

Ariun Ishdorj ◽

E.L.J. McKyer ◽

Rahma Mkuu

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Child Factors

Malnutrition is a major public health concern in Niger. The stunting rate in children in Niger is over 50%, one of the highest in the world. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine children’s dietary diversity (CDD) and the maternal factors that impact CDD. A total of 1265 mother–child pairs were analyzed. Descriptive analysis was conducted to present maternal and child characteristics. To compare the mean scores of CDD in relation to the region, an independent sample t-test was conducted. A one-way ANOVA test was conducted to evaluate the CDD score by different age groups. A linear regression model was estimated to identify household, maternal and child factors that affect the CDD score. Our results indicate that most of the participants of our survey resided in rural areas and the majority (80.7%) of the mothers had no education. Factors such as region, children’s age, woman’s empowerment, vitamin A intake and wealth index were significant predictors of CDD (p < 0.05). The children residing in rural areas were more likely to have lower CDD scores (p < 0.05) than the children in urban areas, therefore becoming more susceptible to malnutrition.

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Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associated Factors among Chronic Kidney Disease patients at University of Gondar Hospital, North West Ethiopia: a Hospital-based Cross Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.2.10112/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hailemariam Adera ◽

Workagegnehu Hailu ◽

Ayineshet Adane ◽

abilo tadesse

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Rural Residence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia

Abstract Background chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem associated with progressive decline in kidney function and adverse cardiovascular outcome. Anemia in CKD has substantial adverse outcomes in CKD patients. There is paucity of published data on prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among CKD patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among CKD patients at University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May1, to September 30, 2018. Consecutive sampling was used to recruit 251 study subjects. Data regarding patient’s socio-demographics, clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters were collected from patients’ interview and medical records. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bi-variate and multi-variate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of anemia in CKD patients. P<0.05 was used to declare association. Results The prevalence of anemia was high (64.5%), and tended to increase as eGFR declined. Hypertension (45%), chronic glomerulonephritis (24%) and diabetes (20%) were common causes of CKD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed rural residence (AOR= 2.75, 95% CI: 1.34-5.65, p=0.006), BMI<18.5 kg/m2 (AOR=6.78, 95% CI: 1.32-34.73, p=0.022) and BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 (AOR=5.04, 95% CI: 1.26-20.10, p=0.022), and having hemodialysis history (AOR=3.59, 95% CI: 1.24-10.38, p=0.018) were predictors of anemia in CKD patients. Conclusion Prevalence of anemia in CKD patients was high (64.5%). Rural residence, non-obese body habitus and having hemodialysis history were found to be predictors of anemia in CKD patients. Periodic screening and intervention for anemia in CKD patients should be practiced to prevent its sequelae.

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The association of socio-demographic and environmental factors on childhood diarrhea in Cambodia

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23246.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 303

Author(s):

Vong Pisey ◽

Pannee Banchonhattakit

Keyword(s):

Maternal Age ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Childhood Diarrhea ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

One Year

Background: Diarrhea is still the leading cause of childhood death worldwide, as well as a major cause for concern in developing countries. This study was conducted to investigate the factors related to childhood diarrhea in Cambodia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of the secondary data from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2014 was conducted using the combination of household data and children’s data. A generalized linear mixed model was used to analyze the determinant factors of childhood diarrhea. Results: The surveys included 2,828 children, aged 12 to 35 months. The prevalence of diarrhea in the last 2 weeks was 16.44% (95% CI: 14.72%-18.31%). Factors with statistically significant associations with childhood diarrhea in Cambodia were: maternal unemployment, compared with being in employment (AOR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.14-1.78); the child being male (AOR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.02-1.53); the presence of unimproved toilet facilities (AOR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.05-1.31) compared with improved toilet facilities; and unhygienic disposal of children’s stools (AOR = 1.32; 95%CI: 1.06-1.64) compared with hygienic disposal of children’s stools when controlling for other covariates. Both maternal age (one year older; AOR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.78– 0.93) and child age (one month older; AOR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.78-0.94) had significant negative associations with the occurrence of childhood diarrhea. Conclusion: Childhood diarrhea remains a public health concern in Cambodia. The probability of diarrhea occurring is shown to be increased by maternal unemployment, the sex of the child being male, lack of provision of improved toilet facilities, and the unhygienic disposal of children’s stools; whereas increasing maternal age and child’s age were associated with a reduced chance of diarrhea occurring. On the basis of these results, we recommend provision of programs focusing on reducing diarrhea through the construction of improved toilet facilities and the promotion of behavior to improve hygiene, specifically targeting younger mothers.

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Nutrition Uptake and Disease of Children with Anemia in Peru, A Cross-Sectional Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-40610/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher Westgard ◽

Luis A. Orrego-Ferreyros ◽

Liz Franco Calderón ◽

Alexandra M. Rogers

Keyword(s):

Secondary Data ◽

Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽

Parasitic Disease ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Analysis ◽

Micronutrient Uptake ◽

Chi Square Analysis ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

Recommended Level ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia

Abstract Anemia is a multicausal problem affecting 41.7% of children under 5 worldwide. The prevalence of anemia in Peru has decreased only 6.8% from 2009 to 2017, despite great efforts made to distribute free multi-micronutrient supplements and promote the consumption of iron rich foods. The current study investigates the nutritional uptake and incidence of disease in children with anemia in Peru to better understand what is driving the high rates of anemia. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of secondary data was conducted. Data from two national surveys were linked to evaluate the predictors of anemia. The associations were tested with Chi-square analysis and logistic multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS The sample included 586 children under 3. The prevalence of anemia was 53.2%, while 51.9% of the children consumed sufficient micronutrients to meet the daily recommended level for their age. Of those with anemia, 45.1% consumed sufficient micronutrients to meet the recommended level (p<0.001). The children with anemia were more likely to have an infectious or parasitic disease in the last year and less likely to have access to safe drinking water (p=0.057, p=0.002, respectfully). The logistic analysis displayed that having an infectious or parasitic disease increased the odds of having anemia (OR=1.6, p=0.043), and having access to safe drinking waters decreased the odds of having anemia (OR=0.58, p=0.044), while controlling for micronutrient uptake. CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of the children with anemia in Peru already consume sufficient nutrients to meet their daily requirement. However, they continue to have anemia, likely due to infectious diseases and parasites.

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Prevalence and determinants of condom use among male adolescents in Indonesia

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2018-0141 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra ◽

Desri Astuti ◽

Dyah Anantalia Widyastari ◽

Dusita Phuengsamran

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Health ◽

Condom Use ◽

Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽

Sexual Debut ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sexually Active ◽

Unsafe Sex ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male Adolescents

AbstractAdolescent sexual and reproductive health problems remain a public health concern in Indonesia. An increase of premarital sex as well as early sexual debut among adolescents without any protection leads to a high risk of adverse sexual and reproductive health consequences. This study aimed to assess condom use prevalence and identify its determinants among male adolescents who are sexually active in Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Adolescent Reproductive Health component of the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2012. The sample for this study was 1341 sexually active male adolescents aged 15–24 years old. Data were analyzed descriptively and using binary logistic regression for bivariate and multivariate analysis. This study found that condom use prevalence among male adolescents at first and last sex accounted for 25.0% and 27.4%, respectively. Determinants of condom use varied by time of sexual intercourse. Knowledge of sexual and reproductive health and obtaining information about condoms were consistently related to condom use at first and last sexual encounter. Meanwhile, residential type, age at first sex, and sexual partner were significant determinants of condom use at sexual debut whilst educational level was only associated with condom use at last sex. As the level of protected sex among male adolescents was very low, providing comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is suggested in order to develop the capacity among adolescents in making informed decisions and preventing unsafe sex.

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The impact of diabetes on multiple avoidable admissions: a cross-sectional study

BMC Health Services Research ◽

10.1186/s12913-019-4840-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joana Seringa ◽

Ana Patrícia Marques ◽

Bruno Moita ◽

Cátia Gaspar ◽

João Filipe Raposo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health Care Expenditures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Diabetes Diagnosis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Multiple admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) are responsible for an important proportion of health care expenditures. Diabetes is one of the conditions consensually classified as an ACSC being considered a major public health concern. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of diabetes on the occurrence of multiple admissions for ACSC. Methods We analysed inpatient data of all public Portuguese NHS hospitals from 2013 to 2015 on multiple admissions for ACSC among adults aged 18 or older. Multiple ACSC users were identified if they had two or more admissions for any ACSC during the period of analysis. Two logistic regression models were computed. A baseline model where a logistic regression was performed to assess the association between multiple admissions and the presence of diabetes, adjusting for age and sex. A full model to test if diabetes had no constant association with multiple admissions by any ACSC across age groups. Results Among 301,334 ACSC admissions, 144,209 (47.9%) were classified as multiple admissions and from those, 59,436 had diabetes diagnosis, which corresponded to 23,692 patients. Patients with diabetes were 1.49 times (p < 0,001) more likely to be admitted multiple times for any ACSC than patients without diabetes. Younger adults with diabetes (18–39 years old) were more likely to become multiple users. Conclusion Diabetes increases the risk of multiple admissions for ACSC, especially in younger adults. Diabetes presence is associated with a higher resource utilization, which highlights the need for the implementation of adequate management of chronic diseases policies.

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Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors among Secondary School Adolescent Girls in Jimma Town, Oromia Regional State, Southwest Ethiopia

Anemia ◽

10.1155/2020/5043646 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Kelemu Fentie ◽

Tolassa Wakayo ◽

Getu Gizaw

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Secondary School ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Economic Status ◽

Public Health Importance ◽

Jimma Town ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia

Background. Anemia defined as a low blood hemoglobin concentration is public health importance. The adolescence age group is the most neglected in public health and nutrition research as priorities are usually given to pregnant women, lactating mothers, and their children less than 2 years. Current Ethiopian Food and Nutrition policy included adolescent girls in the most at-risk group for nutritional demands; however, only a few published studies have assessed a deficiency of anemia and associated factors to tackle the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition. Objective. To assess the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among high school adolescent girls in Jimma town. Methods. Data were collected from 528 secondary school adolescent girls by a school-based cross-sectional study design in Jimma town from 1/1/2019 to 1/2/2019, southwest Ethiopia. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A portable battery-operated HemoCue Hb 301+ analyzer was used to measure the hemoglobin level, and then reading was classified as normal Hb ≥ 12 g\dl and anemic if the hemoglobin value <12 g/dl based on the WHO 2011 recommended cutoff points after adjustments to altitude was made. Bivariate analysis at p value ≤0.25 was considered as a candidate for multivariable logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression was done to control for confounders and to identify factors independently associated with anemia. Level of statistical significance was declared at p<0.05. Results. A total of 528 adolescent girls were included in the study yielding a response rate of 95.8%. The prevalence of anemia was found to be 26.7%, 95% CI (22.7, 30.50). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, those living separately from their family (AOR = 4.430, 95% CI (2.20, 8.90)), low dietary diversity score (AOR = 3.57, 95% CI (1.88, 6.75)), menstrual bleeding more than 5 days (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI (1.17, 4.33)), and low economic status (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI (1.17, 4.33)) were positively associated factors with anemia and only having at least a secondary school in mother’s educational status AOR = 0.43, 95% CI (0.18, 0.97) was negatively associated with anemia in the study area. Conclusion. Prevalence of anemia among school adolescent girls was moderate public health importance according to the World Health Organization prevalence estimation of anemia. The living condition of the adolescent girls, dietary diversity score, duration of menses, and low economic status were positive predictor variables, whereas mothers who are being secondary school and above was a protective factor for anemia. Therefore, iron-rich and diversified food consumption should be given attention.

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HUBUNGAN FAKTOR DEMOGRAFI, PERIODE DAN LAMA KERJA DOKTER TERHADAP KETERLAMBATAN PENGISIAN RESUME MEDIS PASIEN BPJS DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RSAU DR. ESNAWAN ANTARIKSA

Jurnal Profesi Medika Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan ◽

10.33533/jpm.v10i1.9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nia Nuraini ◽

Gatot Soeryo K ◽

Hany Yusmaini

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Social Security ◽

Sex Work ◽

Medical Records ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Work Load ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Work Period ◽

Cross Sectional Design

More than 50% of the medical resume at airforce hospital (RSAU) were not returned in due time which caused claim verifcation delayed by social security administrator (BPJS). The purpose of the study was to find out the relation of physician’s demography factors, work periode and duration in terms of the delays in completing medical resume. Cross sectional design was implemented and secondary data was obtained from medical records. Logistic regression analysis showed thedominant factors of the delays in completing medical resume amongstage, sex, work period and work load was sex.

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Levels and Determinants of Complementary Feeding Pattern Exclusive of Minimum Meal Frequency and Dietary Diversity among Children of 6 to 23 Months in Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics ◽

10.3329/bioethics.v9i3.48924 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 28-44

Author(s):

Naznin Pervin ◽

Darryl Macer ◽

Shamima P. Lasker

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Complementary Feeding ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Feeding Pattern ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Effective Interventions ◽

The Government

Objective: To estimate the level of complementary feeding pattern (CFP) among children aged between 6 to 23 months and to identify the determinants in individual, household and community level in Bangladesh. Methods: From secondary data of Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey (BDHS) 2011 was used in this study. A total of 2,373 children aged between 6 to 23 months were selected. To estimate the level of CFP dimension index and the “score of the index” was used as dependent variables. Statistical analyses and tests were guided by the nature of the variables. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the significant determinants of CFP. Results: The overall level of CFP among children aged between 6 to 23 months was low. More than 95% of the children experienced inadequate (92.7%) CFP level. The mean levels of CFP as well as percentages of no or inadequate (94.1%) CFP were significantly lower among children of the youngest age group (06 months), uneducated parents, unemployed/laborer fathers, socio-economically poor families, food insecure families and rural areas. However, only few variables remained significant for adequate CFP in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Adequate CFP was significantly lower among the children aged between 6 to 23 months (OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.10-0.47), children of illiterate fathers (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11-0.95) and socio-economically middle-class families (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09-0.86) as compared to their reference categories. Conclusion: Inappropriate and inadequate CFP may cause serious health hazards among children of 6 to 23 months in Bangladesh. It is ethical to take effective interventions and strategies by the government and other concerned stakeholders to improve the overall situation of CFP in Bangladesh.

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