scholarly journals Oil-In-Water Microemulsions for Thymol Solubilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fernández-Peña ◽  
Sonia Gutiérrez-Muro ◽  
Eduardo Guzmán ◽  
Alejandro Lucia ◽  
Francisco Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Soybean Lecithin ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Stability Point ◽  
Alkyl Polyglucoside

Essential oil compounds (EOCs) are molecules with well-known antimicrobial and antipest activity. However, such molecules possess limited solubility in water, making their handling difficult. This work aimed to enhance the distribution of a solid essential oil compound, thymol, using oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsions for its solubilization. The use of mixtures formed by an alkyl polyglucoside (APG) and soybean lecithin (SL) allowed for stabilization of the o/w microemulsions in a broad range of compositions, with the total concentration of the mixture of the two surfactants (APG+SL) and the APG:SL ratio both being essential for controlling the nature of the obtained dispersions. The microemulsions obtained using oleic acid as the oil phase and with compositions far from those corresponding to the onset of the emulsion region showed a good efficiency for thymol solubilization. This is an advantage from a stability point of view, as well as for ease of thymol preparation. The present work opens new alternatives for designing eco-sustainable formulations for EOC solubilization, with the possibility of preparing the formulations at the place of use, thereby saving transport costs and reducing the emission of pollutants.

scholarly journals Functionalization of textile materials with bioactive polymeric systems based on propolis and cinnamon essential oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (02) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA CHIRILĂ ◽  
GABRIELA CRISTINA CONSTANTINESCU ◽  
ANGELA DANILA ◽  
ALINA POPESCU ◽  
ROXANA RODICA CONSTANTINESCU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Polymeric Systems ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Stability Point ◽  
Cinnamon Essential Oil

In order to obtain the textile materials with potential for use in the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions, this study approached the laboratory experiments related to depositing by padding of oil-in-water emulsions type based on chitosan-propolis-cinnamon essential oil. In this regard, seven experimental variants of emulsions were prepared and then characterized by specific methods from physical-chemical and stability point of view. The chitosan-propolis- cinnamon essential oil-based emulsions were then immobilized on a knitted textile structure from 100% organic cotton. The functionalized textile materials were characterized from morphological and antibacterial activity point of view. pH values obtained for the synthesized polymeric systems were in the range 4.67–4.88 and electrical conductivity of the emulsions increases with the concentration of the hydrophilic phase in the system, the highest values were registered for the emulsion code R4CSP developed with the smallest volume fraction of water. The stability index over a period of 10 days indicated that emulsions are stable, not showing the presence of one of the flocculation, creaming / sedimentation, coalescence or Ostwald ripening phenomena. The highest values of emulsifying activity index were obtained for the R7CSP, emulsion developed with the smallest volume fraction of water. The highest value of viscosity was obtained for the experimental variant R4CSP in which the highest volume fraction of chitosan and the smallest volume fraction of water were used. The textile materials treated with synthesized emulsions based on chitosan- propolis-cinnamon essential oil have antibacterial effect against the S. aureus test strain, with inhibition zones between 1.5 mm (R2CSP and R7CSP) and 4 mm (R6CSP).

scholarly journals Bioactive textiles obtained by applying cinnamon essential oil-based emulsions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Chirila ◽  
Alina Popescu ◽  
Sabina Olaru ◽  
Angela Danila ◽  
Rodica Roxana Constantinescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Stability Point ◽  
Experimental Variant ◽  
Cinnamon Essential Oil ◽  
The Stability

In order to obtain biomaterials with potential use in the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions, this experimental study approached the immobilization on knitted fabric, made of 100% organic cotton, of oil-in-water emulsions type, based on xanthan-propolis-cinnamon essential oil, in certain formulations. For this purpose, seven experimental variants of emulsions were prepared and characterized, by specific methods, from physical-chemical and stability point of view. The functionalized textile materials were also characterized from morphological and antibacterial activity view point. The stability index, determined after 10 days, indicated that the emulsions are stable, without showing the presence of one of the flocculation, creaming / sedimentation, coalescence or Ostwald ripening phenomena. The lowest value of the turbidity was obtained for the experimental variant containing the lowest amount of essential oil and propolis. For the same variant, the highest value of viscosity was obtained, in which 0,363 mL water /mL emulsion and 0,5 mL xanthan/mL emulsion volume fraction was used. The textile materials treated with the synthesized emulsions based on xanthan-propolis-cinnamon essential oil shows antibacterial effect against S. aureus and E. coli test strains

scholarly journals The “Zero Miles Product” Concept Applied to Biofuel Production: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Kaae Kirk ◽  
Clara Navarrete ◽  
Jakob Ellegaard Juhl ◽  
José Luis Martínez ◽  
Alessandra Procentese
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Product Concept ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Production Platform ◽  
High Sugar Content

To make biofuel production feasible from an economic point of view, several studies have investigated the main associated bottlenecks of the whole production process through approaches such as the “cradle to grave” approach or the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis, being the main constrains the feedstock collection and transport. Whilst several feedstocks are interesting because of their high sugar content, very few of them are available all year around and moreover do not require high transportation’ costs. This work aims to investigate if the “zero miles” concept could bring advantages to biofuel production by decreasing all the associated transport costs on a locally established production platform. In particular, a specific case study applied to the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) campus is used as example to investigate the advantages and feasibility of using the spent coffee grounds generated at the main cafeteria for the production of bioethanol on site, which can be subsequently used to (partially) cover the campus’ energy demands.

scholarly journals A New Fuzzy-Based Maximum Power Point Tracker for a Solar Panel Based on Datasheet Values

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kargarnejad ◽  
Mohsen Taherbaneh ◽  
Amir Hosein Kashefi
Keyword(s):  
Real Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Stability Point ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Tracking maximum power point of a solar panel is of interest in most of photovoltaic applications. Solar panel modeling is also very interesting exclusively based on manufacturers data. Knowing that the manufacturers generally give the electrical specifications of their products at one operating condition, there are so many cases in which the specifications in other conditions are of interest. In this research, a comprehensive one-diode model for a solar panel with maximum obtainable accuracy is fully developed only based on datasheet values. The model parameters dependencies on environmental conditions are taken into consideration as much as possible. Comparison between real data and simulations results shows that the proposed model has maximum obtainable accuracy. Then a new fuzzy-based controller to track the maximum power point of the solar panel is also proposed which has better response from speed, accuracy and stability point of view respect to the previous common developed one.

scholarly journals Effect of Gluconacetobacter xylinus cultivation conditions on the selected properties of bacterial cellulose

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Fijałkowski ◽  
Anna Żywicka ◽  
Radosław Drozd ◽  
Marian Kordas ◽  
Rafał Rakoczy
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Xylinus ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Cellulose Fibrils ◽  
Culturing Conditions

Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the changes in the parameters of bacterial cultures and bacterial cellulose (BC) synthesized by four reference strains of Gluconacetobacter xylinus during 31-day cultivation in stationary conditions. The study showed that the most visible changes in the analyzed parameters of BC, regardless of the bacterial strain used for their synthesis, were observed in the first 10–14 days of the experiment. It was also revealed, that among parameters showing dependence associated with the particular bacterial strain were the rate and period of BC synthesis, the growth rate of bacteria anchored to the cellulose fibrils, the capacity to absorb water and the water release rate. The results presented in this work may be useful in the selection of optimum culturing conditions and period from the point of view of good efficiency of the cellulose synthesis process.

scholarly journals Assessment of Fennel Oil Microfluidized Nanoemulsions Stabilization by Advanced Performance Xanthan Gum

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Rubén Llinares ◽  
Pablo Ramírez ◽  
José Antonio Carmona ◽  
Luis Alfonso Trujillo-Cayado ◽  
José Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Processing Condition ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Mechanical Spectra ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Fennel Oil

In this work, nanoemulsion-based delivery system was developed by encapsulation of fennel essential oil. A response surface methodology was used to study the influence of the processing conditions in order to obtain monomodal nanoemulsions of fennel essential oil using the microchannel homogenization technique. Results showed that it was possible to obtain nanoemulsions with very narrow monomodal distributions that were homogeneous over the whole observation period (three months) when the appropriate mechanical energy was supplied by microfluidization at 14 MPa and 12 passes. Once the optimal processing condition was established, nanoemulsions were formulated with advanced performance xanthan gum, which was used as both viscosity modifier and emulsion stabilizer. As a result, more desirable results with enhanced physical stability and rheological properties were obtained. From the study of mechanical spectra as a function of aging time, the stability of the nanoemulsions weak gels was confirmed. The mechanical spectra as a function of hydrocolloid concentration revealed that the rheological properties are marked by the biopolymer network and could be modulated depending on the amount of added gum. Therefore, this research supports the role of advanced performance xanthan gum as a stabilizer of microfluidized fennel oil-in-water nanoemulsions. In addition, the results of this research could be useful to design and formulate functional oil-in-water nanoemulsions with potential application in the food industry for the delivery of nutraceuticals and antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Extraction, Radical Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of Root of Dryopteris marginalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2512-2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Zahidul Islam ◽  
Jannat Al Foisal ◽  
Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Mst. Afsana Mimi ◽  
Faridul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

The aim of the study was to characterize the chemical constituents and determine antibacterial and antioxidant activities of essential oils and three different extracts of Dryopteris marginalis. The root had essential oil yield of 0.36 % (w/w) in which 12 organic compounds representing 97.22% of the root oils were identified. Tyranton was found as the most abundant component with 77.571 % of the total concentration in the essential oil. The zones of inhibition of different organic extracts against the tested bacteria were found in the range of 6.5-15 mm. Pseudomonas was the most vulnerable with MICs of 15.62 μg/mL by both ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extract producing 3.8 mm zone of inhibition. The essential oils extracted from roots of Dryopteris marginalis showed maximum 85.29 % inhibition of radical scavenging at 2 mg/mL concentration. Among all root extracts, methanol extract exhibited 41.11 % inhibition at 2 mg/mL concentration.

scholarly journals Representation Stability of Power Sets and Square Free Polynomials

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1024-1045
Author(s):  
Samia Ashraf ◽  
Haniya Azam ◽  
Barbu Berceanu
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Braid Group ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pure Braid Group ◽  
Representation Stability ◽  
Stability Point ◽  
Power Set ◽  
The Stability

AbstractThe symmetric group 𝓢n acts on the power set 𝓟(n) and also on the set of square free polynomials in n variables. These two related representations are analyzed from the stability point of view. An application is given for the action of the symmetric group on the cohomology of the pure braid group.

scholarly journals Methyl Salicylate Glycosides in Some Italian Varietal Wines

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlin ◽  
Masuero ◽  
Guella ◽  
Vrhovsek ◽  
Mattivi
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Vitis Riparia ◽  
13C Nmr Analysis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Gaultheria Procumbens ◽  
Very High

Glycosides are ubiquitous plant secondary metabolites consisting of a non-sugar component called an aglycone, attached to one or more sugars. One of the most interesting aglycones in grapes and wine is methyl salicylate (MeSA), an organic ester naturally produced by many plants, particularly wintergreens. To date, nine different MeSA glycosides from plants have been reported, mainly spread over the genera Gaultheria, Camellia, Polygala, Filipendula, and Passiflora. From a sensorial point of view, MeSA has a balsamic-sweet odor, known as Wintergreen. MeSA was found in Vitis riparia grapes, in Vitis vinifera sp. and in the Frontenac interspecific hybrid. We found that the MeSA glycosides content in Verdicchio wines and in some genetically related varieties (Trebbiano di Soave and Trebbiano di Lugana) was very high. In order to understand which glycosides were present in wine, the methanolic extract of Verdicchio wine was injected into a UPLC-Q-TOF-HDMS and compared to the extracts of different plants rich in such glycosides. Using pure standards, we confirmed the existence of two glycosides in wine: MeSA 2-O--d-glucoside and MeSA 2-O--d-xylopyranosyl (1-6) -d-glucopyranoside (gaultherin). For the first time, we also tentatively identified other diglycosides in wine: MeSA 2-O--l-arabinopyranosyl (1-6)--d-glucopyranoside (violutoside) and MeSA 2-O--d-apiofuranosyl (1-6)--d-glucopyranoside (canthoside A), MeSA 2-O--d-glucopyranosyl (1-6)-O--d-glucopyranoside (gentiobioside) and MeSA 2-O--l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-6)--d-glucopyranoside (rutinoside). Some of these glycosides have been isolated from Gaultheria procumbens leaves by preparative liquid chromatography and structurally annotated by 1H- and 13C-NMR analysis. Two of the peaks isolated from Gaultheria procumbens leaves, namely MeSA sambubioside and MeSA sophoroside, were herein observed for the first time. Six MeSA glycosides were quantified in 64 Italian white wines, highlighting the peculiar content and pattern in Verdicchio wines and related cultivars. The total concentration in bound and free MeSA in Verdicchio wines varied in the range of 456–9796 g/L and 5.5–143 g/L, respectively, while in the other wines the bound and free MeSA was below 363 g/L and 12 g/L, respectively. As this compound’s olfactory threshold is between 50 and 100 g/L, our data support the hypothesis that methyl salicylate can contribute to the balsamic scent, especially in old Verdicchio wines.

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