<em>In vivo</em> evaluation of antibacterial activity and wound healing power of a gel based on phenolic compounds extracted from by-products of the wine industry

Silver nanoparticles have attracted great interests widely in medicine due to its great characteristics of antibacterial activity. In this research, the antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of a topical gel synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and silver nanoparticles were studied. Hydrogels with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (15 ppm, 30 ppm, and 60 ppm) were evaluated to compare their antibacterial activity, nanoparticles’ sizes, and in vivo behaviors. The resulted silver nanoparticles in the hydrogel were characterized by TEM showing the nanoparticles’ sizes less than 22 nm. The in vitro results prove that the antibacterial effects of all of the samples are satisfied. However, the in vivo results demonstrate the significant difference among different hydrogels in wound healing, where hydrogel with 30 ppm shows the best healing rate.

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Antioxidant and wound healing potential of essential oil from Citrus reticulata peel and its chemical characterization. Medicinal values of peels essential oil

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201021999200918102123 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Maham Ishfaq ◽

Bushra Akhtar ◽

Faqir Muhammad ◽

Ali Sharif ◽

Muhammad Furqan Akhtar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Total Flavonoid ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Ms Analysis

Background: Fruit peels are considered as waste and contribute towards a major proportion of biomass. They might be a good source of various therapeutic benefits. Peels biomass of citrus fruits are usually considered as garbage. Such peels may have many important and valuable medicinal components with pharmacological activities. Citrus reticulata, (of family Rutaceae, local name tangerine) is a local seasonal fruit in Pakistan which is a very good example regarding wastage of its peels. Objective: The study is based on exploration of a citrus fruit peel derived essential oil, its chemical characterization, identification of various bioactive components and the exploration of pharmacological potentials (antibacterial and wound healing activity). Method: Essential oil was recovered by hydro-distillation of freshly collected peels. Chemical constituents of oil were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by total phenolic contents, total flavonoid content, DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power assay. Antibacterial activity was determined using disc diffusion assay. In vivo wound healing potential was determined in rabbits after topical administration of oil. Wound scoring was calculated followed by histological study. Results: GC-MS analysis showed presence of various components with greatest proportion of D-Limonene (89.31%). Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were found to be 14.63 ± 0.95 mg CE/g and 17.03 ± 3.24 mg GAE/g respectively while DPPH activity was found to be 73.32%. Better antibacterial activity was shown against E. coli. In vivo studies showed significant reduction in wound diameter in essential oil treatment groups. Further the essential oil was found non-irritant in draize scoring. Conclusion: The study concluded that essential oil of this fruit peel might be used for antibacterial and wound healing purposes.

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Antibacterial activity and in vivo wound healing potential of phenolic extracts from jaboticaba skin

Chemical Biology & Drug Design ◽

10.1111/cbdd.13198 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 1333-1343 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gustavo Henrique Andrade Machado ◽

Tamara Rezende Marques ◽

Thaís Cristina Lima de Carvalho ◽

André Carvalho Duarte ◽

Flávia Cíntia de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Phenolic Extracts

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Synergistic Antibacterial Activity and Wound Healing Properties of Selenium-Chitosan-Mupirocin Nanohybrid System: An in Vivo Study on Rat Diabetic Staphylococcus aureus Wound Infection Model

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-59510-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Reza Golmohammadi ◽

Shahin Najar-Peerayeh ◽

Tahereh Tohidi Moghadam ◽

Seyed Mohammad Javad Hosseini

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Wound Infection ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Infection Model ◽

Synergistic Antibacterial Activity

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Phenolic Compounds Diminish Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus Clinical Strains

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15102321 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2321 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Maria Miklasińska-Majdanik ◽

Małgorzata Kępa ◽

Robert Wojtyczka ◽

Danuta Idzik ◽

Tomasz Wąsik

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Bacterial Biofilm ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Low Cytotoxicity

There is a growing body of evidence that flavonoids show antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The mechanisms of action of phenolic compounds on bacterial cell have been partially attributed to damage to the bacterial membrane, inhibition of virulence factors such as enzymes and toxins, and suppression of bacterial biofilm formation. What is more, some natural polyphenols, aside from direct antibacterial activity, exert a synergistic effect when combined with common chemotherapeutics. Many studies have proved that in synergy with antibiotics plant flavonoids pose a promising alternative for therapeutic strategies against drug resistant bacteria. In this review most recent reports on antimicrobial action of polyphenols on Staphylococcus aureus strains are described, highlighting where proven, the mechanisms of action and the structure–activity relationships. Since many reports in this field are, to some extent, conflicting, a unified in vitro and in vivo susceptibility testing algorithms should be introduced to ensure the selection of effective antibacterial polyphenolic compounds with low cytotoxicity and minimal side effects.

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Caftaric Acid Isolation from Unripe Grape: A “Green” Alternative for Hydroxycinnamic Acids Recovery

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26041148 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1148

Author(s):

Veronica Vendramin ◽

Alessia Viel ◽

Simone Vincenzi

Keyword(s):

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Grape Juice ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽

Wine Industry ◽

Fast Method ◽

Grape Berries ◽

Phenolic Extraction ◽

By Products

Phenolic acids represent about one-third of the dietary phenols and are widespread in vegetable and fruits. Several plants belonging to both vegetables and medical herbs have been studied for their hydroxycinnamic acid content. Among them, Echinacea purpurea is preferentially used for caffeic acid-derivatives extraction. The wine industry is a source of by-products that are rich in phenolic compounds. This work demonstrates that unripe grape juice (verjuice) presents a simple high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile for hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs), with a great separation of the caffeic-derived acids and a low content of other phenolic compounds when compared to E. purpurea and other grape by-products. Here it is shown how this allows the recovery of pure hydroxycinnamic acids by a simple and fast method, fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). In addition, verjuice can be easily obtained by pressing grape berries and filtering, thus avoiding any extraction step as required for other vegetable sources. Overall, the proposed protocol could strongly reduce the engagement of solvent in industrial phenolic extraction.

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Cereal Processing By-Products as Rich Sources of Phenolic Compounds and Their Potential Bioactivities

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13113934 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 3934

Author(s):

Anca Fărcaș ◽

Georgiana Drețcanu ◽

Teodora Daria Pop ◽

Bianca Enaru ◽

Sonia Socaci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Action Plan ◽

Food Additives ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

The European Union ◽

By Products

In today’s society, we can see a progressive paradigm shift that tends towards a healthy and sustainable lifestyle. The proof is represented by the growing interest in food loss and waste of different sectors, from the political to the academic, or even to the private sector. In order to reduce food waste and to increase sustainability, the European Union (EU) has planned a circular bioeconomy. This action plan includes an approach based on reducing, reusing, recovering, and recycling materials and energy. Every year, there are high amounts of waste and by-products resulting from agricultural producing and agro-industrial processing, impacting the environment and the socio-economic sector. Cereal food products cover over 20% of daily diet, so it can be assumed that cereal production and processing are one of the most important sectors of agri-food industries. It is estimated that the waste generated from cereal processing and manufacturing is up to 13%, a percentage that can be decreased by converting the by-products in raw materials for biofuels, biodegradable plastics, alcohols, antioxidants, food additives, or pharmaceutic ingredients due to their content in macro- and micro-nutrients or bioactive compounds. Based on the fact that diet plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of our body, it is important to capitalize on any source of bioactive compounds to which we have access. This review aims to highlight the need to recirculate by-products for the purpose of extraction and use of their key compounds, polyphenols, which have not only antioxidant effects, but also preventive and therapeutic effects against cancer. For these, it is necessary to understand the biotechnologies needed for processing the most consumed cereals, the methods of extraction of phenolic compounds, and the main effects that these compounds have, summarizing the most relevant in vitro and in vivo studies performed so far.

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Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of phenolic compounds extracted from wine industry by-products

Food Control ◽

10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.05.031 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 92 ◽

pp. 516-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Vanessa Silva ◽

Gilberto Igrejas ◽

Virgílio Falco ◽

Teresa P. Santos ◽

Carmen Torres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Wine Industry ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽

By Products

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Phenolic Compounds in Leaves of Alchornea Triplinervia: Anatomical Localization, Mutagenicity, and Antibacterial Activity

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000500816 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tamara R. Calvo ◽

Diego Demarco ◽

Fabio V. Santos ◽

Helen P. Moraes ◽

Taís M. Bauab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Methyl Gallate ◽

Phytochemical Investigation ◽

Anatomical Localization

Phenolic compounds are produced by secretory idioblasts and hypodermis, and by specialized cells of the epidermis and chlorenchyma of leaves of Alchornea triplinervia. Phytochemical investigation of these leaves led to the isolation of the known substances quercetin, quercetin-7- O-β-D-ghicopyranoside, quercetin-3- O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3- O-β-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin-3- O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, amentoflavone, brevifolin carboxylic acid, gallic acid, and methyl gallate from the methanolic extract, and stigmasterol, campesterol, sitosterol, lupeol, friedelan-3-ol, and friedelan-3-one from the chloroform extract. In studies of antibacterial activity and mutagenicity, the methanolic extract showed promising activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC=62.5 μg/mL) and was slightly mutagenic in vitro and in vivo at the highest concentrations tested (1335 mg/kg b.w.).

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Allium stipitatumExtract Exhibits In Vivo Antibacterial Activity against Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusand Accelerates Burn Wound Healing in a Full-Thickness Murine Burn Model

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/1914732 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Arunkumar Karunanidhi ◽

Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad ◽

Jayakayatri Jeevajothi Nathan ◽

Yusuf Abba ◽

Alex van Belkum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Positive Control ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Burn Wound ◽

Burn Wound Healing ◽

Topical Antibacterial ◽

Thermal Injuries

The in vivo antibacterial and burn wound healing potency of Persian shallot bulbs (Allium stipitatum) were explored in a mice burn model infected with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). Hexane (ASHE) and dichloromethane (ASDE) extracts were tested. Female BALB/c mice were inflicted with third-degree thermal injury followed by infection with MRSA. ASHE and ASDE formulated with simple ointment base (SOB) at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 5% (w/w) were topically applied to burn wounds twice a day for 20 days. Silver sulfadiazine (1%) served as drug positive control. Microbiological analysis was carried out on 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days postwounding (dpw) and histopathological analysis at the end of the experiment (20 dpw). Both ointments demonstrated strong antibacterial activity with complete elimination of MRSA at 48–72 h after infection. The rate of wound contraction was higher (95–100%) in mice groups treated with ASHE and ASDE ointments after 15 dpw. Histological analysis revealed significant increase (p<0.05) in epithelialization and collagenation in treated groups. The ASHE and ASDE were found to be relatively noncytotoxic and safe to Vero cell line (383.4 μg mL−1; 390.6 μg mL−1), suggesting the extracts as safe topical antibacterial as well as promising alternatives in managing thermal injuries.

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