scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Norway Spruce (Picea abies H. Karst.) and Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) Cone Extracts

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189
Author(s):  
Tamás Hofmann ◽  
Levente Albert ◽  
László Németh ◽  
Martina Vršanská ◽  
Nikola Schlosserová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Efficiency ◽  
Antioxidant Power

According to recent studies, Norway spruce cones and eastern hemlock cones possess exceptionally high antioxidant capacities; however, the antioxidant efficiency of extractives and their bioactive effects have yet to be investigated in detail. The present article utilizes state-of-the art analytical chemical methodology and chemometric evaluation to reveal cone extractives with the highest antioxidant potential, accounting for possible bioactive effects. Antioxidant properties were determined by the Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and the Folin–Ciocalteu’s total phenol content (TPC) assay. Structure and relative polyphenol concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography/diode array detection/tandem mass spectrometry. The antibacterial testing was conducted using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains. Using correlation analysis and factor analysis, a scoring evaluation was implemented to determine and compare the antioxidant efficiency of extractives. In Norway spruce, piceatannol-O-hexoside and coumaric acid derivatives were found to be the most powerful antioxidants, while in eastern hemlock, kaempferol glycosides were the most powerful. The antibacterial test did not show any promising antimicrobial activity against E. coli, although a visible inhibitory effect on S. aureus strain was observed.

scholarly journals Determination of Caffeine Content in Tea and Maté Tea by using Different Methods

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (Special Issue 1) ◽  
pp. S213-S216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Komes ◽  
D. Horžić ◽  
A. Belščak ◽  
K. Kovačević Ganič ◽  
A. Baljak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Mate Tea

Caffeine-containing products have been consumed for hundreds of years for their pleasant flavor and stimulating effects. In recent years, caffeine received increasing attention in food and pharmaceutical industries, due to its pharmacological properties which comprise stimulation of the central nervous system, peripheral vasoconstriction, relaxation of the smooth muscle and myocardial stimulation. The aim of this study was to determine the content of caffeine in five types of tea (white, yellow, green, oolong, black) and two types of maté tea (green maté and roasted maté tea). The content of caffeine was determined by using four different methods: extraction with chloroform, micromethod, method with lead-acetate and high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC-PDA). The antioxidant capacity of teas as well as of the extracted (“raw”) caffeine was determined by using two methods: reactions with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS assay) and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP assay). The content of caffeine has been associated with plant origin and growth conditions, as well as processing conditions. By applying all four methods, the highest content of caffeine was determined in white tea, whereas maté and roasted maté tea were characterised with the lowest content of caffeine. Spectrophotometric micro-method has proven to be the best alternative to the HPLC method. The highest antioxidant capacity was determined in yellow tea, while the lowest was determined in roasted maté tea. In comparison to the antioxidant capacity of teas, the antioxidant capacity of extracted (“raw”) caffeine is almost negligible, and does not contribute to the overall antioxidant properties of tea.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Seven Hypericum Species and Their Antioxidant Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Zdunic ◽  
Dejan Godjevac ◽  
Katarina Savikin ◽  
Silvana Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Hypericum Species

A comparative analysis of the phenolic compounds in the 70% EtOH extracts of Hypericum acutum, H. androsaemum, H. barbatum, H. hirsutum, H. maculatum, and H. richeri has been carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array UV detection and high resolution TOF mass spectrometry. Quercetin, astilbin, I3, II8-biapigenin, orientin, 2”- O-acetylorientin, three phenolcarboxylic acids, and eight flavonols 3- O-glycosides were identified in the extracts on the basis of their on-line UV spectra, accurate mass spectral data, and in comparison of retention times with those from the standards. Fingerprint analysis of the extracts revealed significant differences in the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of the studied species. Antioxidant assays with various reaction mechanisms were used including ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity and inhibition of liposome peroxidation induced by Fe2+. The most potent were extracts of H. acutum and H. maculatum indicating this Hypericum species interesting for further research aimed as a potentially new source of biologically active compounds.

scholarly journals UHPLC-HESI-OT-MS-MS Biomolecules Profiling, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of the “Orange-Yellow Resin” from Zuccagnia punctata Cav.

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Gómez ◽  
Mario J. Simirgiotis ◽  
Sofía Manrique ◽  
Beatriz Lima ◽  
Jorge Bórquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ultrahigh Resolution ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Orbitrap Ms

This research was designed to investigate the metabolite profiling, phenolics, and flavonoids content as well as the potential antioxidant and antibacterial, properties of orange-yellow resin from Zuccagnia punctata Cav (ZpRe). Metabolite profiling was obtained by a ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS analysis (UHPLC-ESI-OT-MS-MS). The antioxidant properties were screened by four methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), trolox equivalent antioxidant activity assay (TEAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes (LP)). The antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) rules. The resin displayed a strong DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 25.72 µg/mL) and showed a percentage of inhibition of LP close to that of the reference compound catechin (70% at 100 µg ZpRe/mL), while a moderated effect was observed in the FRAP and TEAC assays. The resin showed a content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of 391 mg GAE/g and 313 mg EQ/g respectively. Fifty phenolics compounds were identified by ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS analysis (UHPLC-PDA-OT-MS) analysis. Thirty-one compounds are reported for the first time, updating the knowledge on the chemical profile of this species. The importance of the biomolecules identified support traditional use of this endemic plant. Furthermore, additional pharmacological data is presented that increase the potential interest of this plant for industrial sustainable applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Porcine Liver Protein Hydrolysates Obtained Using Alcalase, Bromelain, and Papain

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Borrajo ◽  
Mirian Pateiro ◽  
Mohammed Gagaoua ◽  
Daniel Franco ◽  
Wangang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Antioxidant Power

In order to make the by-products generated from the porcine industry more valuable, pig livers were used in this trial to obtain protein hydrolysates. Three proteases (alcalase, bromelain, and papain) were utilized for enzymatic hydrolysis with two different durations, 4 and 8 hours. Ultrafiltration process was used for the recovery of the extracts, employing three different membrane pore sizes (30, 10, and 5 kDa). The porcine livers contained considerable amounts of protein (19.0%), considering they are almost composed of water (74.1%). The antioxidant activity of the obtained hydrolysates was investigated using four antioxidant methods (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2-2′-Azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate] (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC)). Antibacterial properties were also measured against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Results indicated that the three studied factors (type of enzyme, membrane pore size, and time) significantly affected the parameters evaluated. Hydrolysates obtained at 8 hours with alcalase had the best antioxidant properties. The 30 kDa alcalase extracts exhibited the highest DPPH (562 µg Trolox/g), FRAP (82.9 µmol Fe2+/100 g), and ORAC (53.2 mg Trolox/g) activities, while for ABTS the 10 kDa alcalase showed the higher values (1068 mg ascorbic acid/100 g). Concerning the antibacterial activity, 30 kDa hydrolysates obtained with bromelain for 4 hours exhibited the highest antimicrobial capacity, providing an inhibition of 91.7%.

scholarly journals Interaction of Some Commercial Teas with Some Carbohydrate Metabolizing Enzymes Linked with Type-2 Diabetes: A Dietary Intervention in the Prevention of Type-2 Diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Oboh ◽  
Omodesola O. Ogunruku ◽  
Funke O. Ogidiolu ◽  
Adedayo O. Ademiluyi ◽  
Bukola C. Adedayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

This study is aimed at assessing the inhibitory effect of teas on key enzymes (α-amylase andα-glucosidase) linked with type-2 diabetes and their antioxidant properties. Four samples of three brands were used; infusions of green tea (GT), 2 brands of black tea (BT), and a formulated herbal preparation for diabetes (ADT) (white tea,Radix Puerariae,Radix ophiopogonis, hawthorn berry, Chinese yam, and fragrant Solomon seal rhizome) were prepared and subsequently analyzed for their total phenol, ascorbic acid contents, antioxidant properties (2,2-Azizobis (3-Ethylbenzo-Thiazoline~6-sulfonate) “ABTS” scavenging ability and ferric reducing antioxidant property), and inhibition of pancreatic-α-amylase and intestinal-α-glucosidasein vitro. The study revealed that GT had the highest total phenol content, ascorbic acid content, ABTS* scavenging ability, and ferric reducing ability. Furthermore, all the teas inhibited Fe2+and sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in pancreas, with GT having the highest inhibitory effect. Conversely, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the inhibitory effects of the teas onα-amylase andα-glucosidase. The antidiabetic property of the teas could be attributed to their inhibitory effect on carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes implicated in diabetes and their antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Effect of N-Amide Substitution on Antioxidative Activities of Melatonin Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panyada Panyatip ◽  
Nutjaree Pratheepawanit Johns ◽  
Aroonsri Priprem ◽  
Kouichi Nakagawa ◽  
Ploenthip Puthongking
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Disodium Salt ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Five N-amide substituted melatonin (MLT) derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antioxidative activities, and compounds 9–12 showed higher electron spin resonance (ESR) response than MLT. 4-Bromobenzoyl and naphthoyl derivatives (10 and 11) presented stronger hydroxyl radical inhibitory effect than MLT in Fenton reaction. The substitution at the N1-position on the MLT core structure with acetyl (8), benzoyl (9), 4-bromobenzoyl (10), and naphthoyl (11) and N2-substitution with 4-bromobenzoyl (12) decreased the reducing power of the derivatives in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Compounds 8–11 also presented lower antioxidant capacity than their parent compound in 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) disodium salt (ABTS) assay; whereas, compound 12 presented radical scavenging activity similarly to MLT. All aryl derivatives (9–12) showed higher ability to quench peroxyl radicals than MLT about three times, especially the benzoylated derivatives (9 and 10) that presented the highest ability in oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay.

scholarly journals A New Insight into Meloxicam: Assessment of Antioxidant and Anti-Glycating Activity in In Vitro Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezary Pawlukianiec ◽  
Małgorzata Ewa Gryciuk ◽  
Kacper Maksymilian Mil ◽  
Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska ◽  
Anna Zalewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which has a preferential inhibitory effect to cyclooxyganase-2 (COX-2). Although the drug inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, the exact mechanism of meloxicam is still unknown. This is the first study to assess the effect of meloxicam on protein glyco-oxidation as well as antioxidant activity. For this purpose, we used an in vitro model of oxidized bovine serum albumin (BSA). Glucose, fructose, ribose, glyoxal and methylglyoxal were used as glycating agents, while chloramine T was used as an oxidant. We evaluated the antioxidant properties of albumin (2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, total antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power), the intensity of protein glycation (Amadori products, advanced glycation end products) and glyco-oxidation (dityrosine, kynurenine, N-formylkynurenine, tryptophan and amyloid-β) as well as the content of protein oxidation products (advanced oxidation protein products, carbonyl groups and thiol groups). We have demonstrated that meloxicam enhances the antioxidant properties of albumin and prevents the protein oxidation and glycation under the influence of various factors such as sugars, aldehydes and oxidants. Importantly, the antioxidant and anti-glycating activity is similar to that of routinely used antioxidants such as captopril, Trolox, reduced glutathione and lipoic acid as well as protein glycation inhibitors (aminoguanidine). Pleiotropic action of meloxicam may increase the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatment in diseases with oxidative stress etiology.

scholarly journals FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF MARINE SPONGES COLLECTED FROM KOVALAM, CHENNAI

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuvarani Thambidurai ◽  
Sudarsanam D ◽  
Habeeb Skm ◽  
Ashok Kumar T
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Objective: The main focus of this study is to screen the marine sponges for potent free radical scavenging activity. Methods: Various methods such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay are employed to ascertain the antioxidant properties of marine sponges namely Dysidea herbacea and Sigmadocia pumila. Results: On analyzing, the result of ABTS assay D. herbacea and S. pumila exhibited almost equal antioxidant properties. While calculating the inhibitory concentration 50% value for DPPH assay, the Sample 1 and 2 has an IC of 655.49 and 826.739 μl, respectively, and in FRAP assay, the Sample 1 and 2 has an IC of 67.587 and 74.57 μg, respectively. Conclusion: Overall from this assay, D. herbacea revealed slightly better antioxidant activity when compared to S. pumila, also which in future may serve as a better source to fight against various diseases

scholarly journals Antimutagenic, Cytoprotective and Antioxidant Properties of Ficus deltoidea Aqueous Extract In Vitro

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3287
Author(s):  
Theng Choon Ooi ◽  
Farah Wahida Ibrahim ◽  
Shakirah Ahmad ◽  
Kok Meng Chan ◽  
Lek Mun Leong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Mouse Lung ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ficus Deltoidea

Ficus deltoidea var. deltoidea is used as traditional medicine for diabetes, inflammation, and nociception. However, the antimutagenic potential and cytoprotective effects of this plant remain unknown. In this study, the mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of F. deltoidea aqueous extract (FDD) on both Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100 strains were assessed using Salmonella mutagenicity assay (Ames test). Then, the cytoprotective potential of FDD on menadione-induced oxidative stress was determined in a V79 mouse lung fibroblast cell line. The ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay was conducted to evaluate FDD antioxidant capacity. Results showed that FDD (up to 50 mg/mL) did not exhibit a mutagenic effect on either TA 98 or TA 100 strains. Notably, FDD decreased the revertant colony count induced by 2-aminoanthracene in both strains in the presence of metabolic activation (p < 0.05). Additionally, pretreatment of FDD (50 and 100 µg/mL) demonstrated remarkable protection against menadione-induced oxidative stress in V79 cells significantly by decreasing superoxide anion level (p < 0.05). FDD at all concentrations tested (12.5–100 µg/mL) exhibited antioxidant power, suggesting the cytoprotective effect of FDD could be partly attributed to its antioxidant properties. This report highlights that F. deltoidea may provide a chemopreventive effect on mutagenic and oxidative stress inducers.

scholarly journals Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antibacterial Activity of White Wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Muthanna J. Mohammed ◽  
Uttpal Anand ◽  
Ammar B. Altemimi ◽  
Vijay Tripathi ◽  
Yigong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Fraction I

Artemisia herba-alba Asso. (Wormwood) is a wild aromatic herb that is popular for its healing and medicinal effects and has been used in conventional as well as modern medicine. This research aimed at the extraction, identification, and quantification of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts of wormwood using Soxhlet extraction, as well as characterizing their antimicrobial and anitoxidant effects. The phenolic compounds were identified in different extracts by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and high performance liquid chromatography. Five different fractions, two from ethyl acetate extraction and three from ethanolic extraction were obtained and evaluated further. The antimicrobial activity of each fractions was evaluated against two Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram-negative microorganisms (Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) using the disc-diffusion assay and direct TLC bioautography assay. Fraction I inhibited B. cereus and P. vulgaris, Fraction II inhibited B. cereus and E. coli, Fraction III inhibited all, except for P. vulgaris, while Fractions IV and V did not exhibit strong antimicrobial effects. Their antioxidant capabilities were also measured by calculating their ability to scavenge the free radical using DPPH method and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Ethanolic fractions III and V demonstrated excellent antioxidant properties with IC50 values less than 15.0 μg/mL, while other fractions also had IC50 values less than 80.0 μg/mL. These antioxidant effects were highly associated with the number of phenolic hydroxyl group on the phenolics they contained. These extracts demonstrated antimicrobial effects, suggesting the different phenolic compounds in these extracts had specific inhibitory effects on the growth of each bacteria. The results of this study suggested that the A. herba-alba can be a source of phenolic compounds with natural antimicrobial and antioxidant properties which can be used for potential pharmaceutical applications.

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