Combined Effects of Amino Acids in Garlic and Buna-Shimeji (Hypsizygus marmoreus) on Suppression of CCl4-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats

The combination of the garlic-derived amino acid, S-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide (ACSO), and ornithine or arginine on CCl4-induced hepatic injury was examined. After investigating the effectiveness of the mixture of ACSO and ornithine or arginine in preventing hepatic injury in vivo, an extract rich in ACSO and ornithine was prepared by converting arginine in garlic to ornithine by arginase from Hypsizygus marmoreus (buna-shimeji), after screening the productivity of ornithine among 12 kinds of mushrooms. Co-administration of ACSO with ornithine or arginine suppressed the increase in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, and the decrease in glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome p450 2E1 activities after CCl4 injection more effectively than a single administration of ACSO. All extracts prepared from garlic and buna-shimeji with low and high contents of ACSO and arginine or ornithine significantly suppressed CCl4-induced hepatic injury in rats. Considering that ACSO is tasteless, odourless, and enhances taste, and ornithine has a flat or sweet taste and masks bitterness, the extract rich in ACSO and ornithine from garlic and buna-shimeji could be considered a potential antioxidant food material that can be added to many kinds of food to prevent hepatic injury.

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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Scutellarein Alkyl Derivatives as Preventing Neurodegenerative Agents with Improved Lipid Soluble Properties

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406414666181015143551 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 771-780

Author(s):

He-Min Li ◽

Ting Gu ◽

Wen-Yu Wu ◽

Shao-Peng Yu ◽

Tian-Yuan Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Rat Hepatocytes ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Alkyl Derivatives ◽

Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽

Microsomal Membranes

Background: Exogenous antioxidants are considered as a promising therapeutic approach to treat neurodegenerative diseases since they could prevent and/or minimize the neuronal damage by oxidation. Objective: Three series of lipophilic compounds structurally based on scutellarein (2), which is one metabolite of scutellarin (1) in vivo, have been designed and synthesized. Methods: Their antioxidant activity was evaluated by detecting the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) produced in the ferrous salt/ascorbate-induced autoxidation of lipids, which were present in microsomal membranes of rat hepatocytes. The lipophilicity of these compounds indicated as partition coefficient between n-octanol and buffer was investigated by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. Results: This study indicated that compound 5e which had a benzyl group substituted at the C4'- OH position showed a potent antioxidant activity and good lipophilicity. Conclusion: 5e could be an effective candidate for preventing or reducing the oxidative status associated with the neurodegenerative processes.

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Evaluation of theIn VitroandIn VivoAntioxidant Potentials ofSudarshanaPowder

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/6743862 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weerakoon Achchige Selvi Saroja Weerakoon ◽

Pathirage Kamal Perera ◽

Dulani Gunasekera ◽

Thusharie Sugandhika Suresh

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Control Group ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Trolox Equivalent ◽

Antioxidant Effects

Sudarshanapowder (SP) is one of the most effective Ayurveda powder preparations for paediatric febrile conditions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate thein vitroandin vivoantioxidant potentials of SP. Thein vitroantioxidant effects were evaluated using ABTS radical cation decolourization assay where the TROLOX equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was determined. Thein vivoantioxidant activity of SP was determined in Wistar rats using the Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) assay in serum. Thein vitroassay was referred to as the TROLOX equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. For thein vivoassay, animals were dosed for 21 consecutive days and blood was drawn to evaluate the MDA level. Thein vitroantioxidant activity of 0.5 μg of SP was equivalent to 14.45 μg of standard TROLOX. The percentage inhibition against the radical formation was50.93±0.53%. The SP showed a statistically significant (p<0.01) decrease in the serum level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance in the test rats when compared with the control group. These findings suggest that the SP possesses potent antioxidant activity which may be responsible for some of its reported bioactivities.

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In vivo Role of Cytochrome P450 2E1 and Glutathione-S-Transferase Activity for Acrylamide Toxicokinetics in Humans

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention ◽

10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0832 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 433-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Oxana Doroshyenko ◽

Uwe Fuhr ◽

Daria Kunz ◽

Dorothee Frank ◽

Martina Kinzig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome P450 ◽

Transferase Activity ◽

Cytochrome P450 2E1 ◽

Glutathione S Transferase

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Oxidation of olive oil fortified with quercetin, caffeic acid, tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-09-2014-0083 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 493-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anne Kristine Etherton ◽

Stanley T. Omaye

Keyword(s):

Olive Oil ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Content Type ◽

Health Promoting

Purpose – This paper aims to evaluate effects of the fortification of polyphenolic compound mixtures of quercetin, caffeic acid, tryrosol and hydroxytyrosol in olive oil oxidation. Design/methodology/approach – The authors measured olive oxidation initiated by copper using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, as an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Findings – Overall, most mixture combinations exhibited oxidation similar to olive oil alone. Some mixture combinations of polyphenolic compounds acted as antioxidants; however, as the concentrations were changed, they became prooxidant in nature. Research limitations/implications – In vitro studies have limitations for extrapolation to in vivo and clinical studies. Practical implications – Such information will be useful in determining optimal concentrations and combinations of antioxidants for reducing rancidity and perhaps as models that could be used to modulate various chronic diseases that are associated with oxidative stress. Originality/value – Olive oil, along with fruits, vegetables and fish, are important constituents of health promoting diets, such as the Mediterranean diet. Active ingredients include monounsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid and a variety of antioxidants including various polyphenolic compounds.

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IN VIVO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LIMNOPHILA HETEROPHYLLA AND MICHELIA CHAMPACA

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i12.22013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 241 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raja S, ◽

Ravindranadh K.

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Reactive Substance ◽

Reducing Ability ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Michelia Champaca ◽

Different Doses

Objective: The present study was aimed at investigating the in-vivo antioxidant activity of the methanol extracts of Limnophila heterophylla and Michelia champaca leaves.Methods: Methanol extract of both plants were administered to rats separately at three different doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg for 21 d to evaluate oxidative stress parameters such as ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and to evaluate antioxidant enzyme levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).Results: The methanol extracts of both the plants significantly (p<0.05) elevated the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) on days 7, 14 and 21 of treatment. Significant (p<0.05) decrease of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels along with an increase in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme level in the liver and kidney at three different doses both the plants was observed. Treatment at a dose of 500 mg/kg b. w of both plants caused a significant increase only in the level of CAT in the liver and kidney. However, there was no significant effect of a thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the heart and reduced glutathione (GSH) level in liver, heart and kidney at three different doses both the plants.Conclusion: These outcomes recommend that the leaves of Limnophila heterophylla and Michelia champaca have a potent antioxidant activity which may be responsible for some of its reported pharmacological actions.

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Cardioprotective effects of carvedilol on acute autoimmune myocarditis: anti-inflammatory effects associated with antioxidant property

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00536.2003 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 286 (1) ◽

pp. H83-H90 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Zuyi Yuan ◽

Keisuke Shioji ◽

Yasuki Kihara ◽

Hiroyuki Takenaka ◽

Yoko Onozawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Autoimmune Myocarditis ◽

Reactive Substance

Carvedilol, a new β-blocker with antioxidant properties, has been shown to be cardioprotective in experimental models of myocardial damage. We investigated whether carvedilol protects against experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) because of its suppression of inflammatory cytokines and its antioxidant properties. We orally administered a vehicle, various doses of carvedilol, racemic carvedilol [ R(+)-carvedilol, an enantiomer of carvedilol without β-blocking activity], metoprolol, or propranolol to rats with EAM induced by porcine myosin for 3 wk. Echocardiographic study showed that the three β-blockers, except R(+)-carvedilol, suppressed left ventricular fractional shortening and decreased heart rates to the same extent. Carvedilol and R(+)-carvedilol, but not metoprolol or propranolol, markedly reduced the severity of myocarditis at the two different doses and suppressed thickening of the left ventricular posterior wall in rats with EAM. Only carvedilol suppressed myocardial mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and IL-1β protein expression in myocarditis. In addition, carvedilol and R(+)-carvedilol decreased myocardial protein carbonyl contents and myocardial thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance products in rats with EAM. The in vitro study showed that carvedilol and R(+)-carvedilol suppressed IL-1β production in LPS-stimulated U937 cells and that carvedilol and R(+)-carvedilol, but not metoprolol or propranolol, suppressed thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance products in myocardial membrane challenged by oxidative stress. It was also confirmed that probucol, an antioxidant, ameliorated EAM in vivo. Carvedilol protects against acute EAM in rats, and the superior cardioprotective effect of carvedilol compared with metoprolol and propranolol may be due to suppression of inflammatory cytokines associated with the antioxidant properties in addition to the hemodynamic modifications.

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Hepatoprotective effects of partially purified fractions of Senna occidentalis ethanolic extract on diethyl nitrosamine-induced toxicity in Wistar rat

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20212837 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 374

Author(s):

Ojochenemi E. Yakubu ◽

Eleojo B. Ojogbane ◽

Francis O. Atanu ◽

Chukwuka S. M. Udeh ◽

Morayo E. Ale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Present Report ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Wistar Rat ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Control Group ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Group B

Background: Induction of toxicity using nitrosamines provides a reliable animal model for the study of oxidative damage to lipids, cellular membranes, proteins and DNA. In the present report, the effects of partially purified fractions of Senna occidentalis leaves on diethylnitrosamine intoxicated rats were studied.Methods: Fractions obtained from eluting the column with solvents of increasing polarity, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol and distilled water were subjected to in vitro for their ability to scavenge 1, 1-dipheny l, 2-pycryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Fraction 6a eluted with ethyl acetate:ethanol (50:50) possessed the highest antioxidant activity, this fraction was therefore selected for in vivo studies. Twenty rats, each weighing between 150 to 250 g were randomly allocated into four groups of five rats each. Hepatotoxicity was induced using a single intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at the 200 mg/kg body weight. Treatment was carried out for 3 weeks by oral gavage as follows: group A, normal control, group B, DEN control, group C, DEN+fraction (10 mg/kg), group D, DEN+silymarin (5 mg/kg).Results: The results showed that DEN toxicity significantly (p<0.05) increased alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities and increased the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in the liver. In contrast, the levels of bilirubin, total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) decreased. However, treatment of rats with the extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced the concentrations of TBARS, ALT, AST and bilirubin, but increased the concentration of TP and ALB.Conclusions: These results show hepatoprotective potentials of the fraction. Furthermore, GC-MS fingerprinting of fraction 6a revealed the presence of compounds with anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties confirming its high chance for exploration as a medicinal agent.

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Protective Effects of Inflammation of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma 30% EtOH Extract on Acute Reflux Esophagitis Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/8854945 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Jin A. Lee ◽

Mi-Rae Shin ◽

Min Ju Kim ◽

Ji Hye Lee ◽

Hae-Jin Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reflux Esophagitis ◽

Stomach Contents ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Related Factors ◽

Etoh Extract

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is induced by the reflux of stomach contents or gastric acid, pepsin into the esophagus for prolonged periods of time due to defection of the lower esophageal sphincter. Reflux esophagitis is a disease found in less than 50% of GERD patients. This study is aimed at evaluating the protective effect of Curcumae longae Rhizoma 30% EtOH extract (CLR) in acute reflux esophagitis (ARE) rats. CLR measured antioxidant activity through in vitro experiments. Based on the results, we performed experiments in vivo. Before 90 min ARE induction, CLR was administered orally by concentration. ARE was derived by linking the metastatic junction between pylorus and forestomach and corpus in Sprague-Dawley rats. And rats were sacrificed 5 h after surgery. We analyzed the expression of antioxidant and inflammatory-related markers by western blot and observed the production of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), reactive oxygen species (ROS), peroxynitrite (ONOO-), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). The administration of CLR reduced esophagus tissue damage in rats with acute reflux esophagitis and decreased the elevated ALT, AST, ROS, ONOO-, and TBARS. In addition, CLR effectively increased antioxidant-related factors and reduced inflammatory protein. Overall, these results suggest that CLR would be used as a therapeutic material in protection and treatment for ARE. Overall, CLR treatment informed that markedly ameliorated inactivation of NF-κB led to the inhibition of the expressions of proinflammatory proteins. These results suggest that CLR would be used as a therapeutic material in protection and treatment for ARE.

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α-Lipoic acid supplementation: tissue glutathione homeostasis at rest and after exercise

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1999.86.4.1191 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 1191-1196 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Savita Khanna ◽

Mustafa Atalay ◽

David E. Laaksonen ◽

Mustafa Gul ◽

Sashwati Roy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Lipoic Acid ◽

Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Glutathione Metabolism ◽

Transferase Activity ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Exercise Induced

Antioxidant nutrients have demonstrated potential in protecting against exercise-induced oxidative stress. α-Lipoic acid (LA) is a proglutathione dietary supplement that is known to strengthen the antioxidant network. We studied the effect of intragastric LA supplementation (150 mg/kg, 8 wk) on tissue LA levels, glutathione metabolism, and lipid peroxidation in rats at rest and after exhaustive treadmill exercise. LA supplementation increased the level of free LA in the red gastrocnemius muscle and increased total glutathione levels in the liver and blood. The exercise-induced decrease in heart glutathione S-transferase activity was prevented by LA supplementation. Exhaustive exercise significantly increased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels in the liver and red gastrocnemius muscle. LA supplementation protected against oxidative lipid damage in the heart, liver, and red gastrocnemius muscle. This study reports that orally supplemented LA is able to favorably influence tissue antioxidant defenses and counteract lipid peroxidation at rest and in response to exercise.

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Cardioprotective Effects of Diet with Different Grains on Lipid Profiles and Antioxidative System in Obesity-Induced Rats

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000097 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 85-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Y. Kim ◽

H. Shin ◽

S. Lee

Keyword(s):

Aortic Wall ◽

Plasma Lipids ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Dietary Lipids ◽

Male Rats

In the present study, the nutritional quality of four grains including adlay (AD), buckwheat (BW), glutinous barley (GB), and white rice (WR) were evaluated in terms of plasma lipid parameters, gut transit time, and thickness of the aortic wall in rats. The rats were then raised for 4 weeks on the high-fat diet based on the American Institute of Nutrition-93 (AIN-93 G) diets containing 1 % cholesterol and 20 % dietary lipids. Forty male rats were divided into 4 groups and raised for 4 weeks with a diet containing one of the following grains: WR, AD, BW, or WB. The level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in liver was shown to be higher in rats by the order of those fed WR, AD, GB, and BW. This indicates that other grains decreased oxidative stress in vivo more than WR. The superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase levels in the AD, BW, and GB groups were significantly higher than those in the WR group (p < 0.05). Plasma lipid profiles differed significantly according to grain combination, and decreased aortic wall thickness was consistent with the finding of decreased plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.05) and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in rats fed AD, BW, and GB (p < 0.001). The antioxidant and hypolipidemic capacities of grains are quite high, especially those of adlay, buckwheat, and glutinous barley. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that the whole grains had a cardioprotective effect. This effect was related to several mechanisms that corresponded to lowering plasma lipids, decreasing TBARS, and increasing antioxidant activities.

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