scholarly journals Light Intensity Modulates the Accumulation of Carbohydrates, Antioxidant Enzymes and Production of Iceberg Lettuce under Tropical Conditions

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Eduardo Santana Aires ◽  
Carlos Alberto Aragão ◽  
Bárbara França Dantas ◽  
João Domingos Rodrigues ◽  
Elizabeth Orika Ono
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Iceberg Lettuce ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry

High solar radiation in tropical regions can affect the development, physiology, and biochemistry of plants. Our aim with this research was to evaluate the biochemical responses and production of iceberg lettuce cultivars under environments with different shadings. An experiment under field conditions was installed in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme. Four cultivars of iceberg lettuce (Great Lakes, Winslow, Delicia, and Balsamo) and four environments with different shadings (three types of shading screens: red, ChromatiNet®, and black; and treatment under the full sun) were evaluated. Forty-five days after transplanting, the plants were harvested, and the biomass was weighed to obtain the fresh consumable part (FCP) and the biochemical parameters: total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugar (RS), and the activity of SOD, CAT, and POD. We found that shading modulates biochemical and productive responses of iceberg lettuce, and the main microclimatic factor related to these responses was solar radiation. We observed a negative correlation between RS and FCP. The solar radiation between 16 and 18 MJ·m−2·day−1, observed in the environments with a black screen and ChromatiNet®, promoted the highest activity of the SOD enzyme and average levels of TSS and RS, providing higher FCP of the cultivars Delícia and Balsamo in high temperatures period.

scholarly journals Studies on the Sugar Accumulation and Carbohydrate Splitting Enzyme Levels in Post Harvested and Cold Stored Potatoes

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Rezaul Karim ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
Md Salim Uddin ◽  
NK Sana ◽  
F Nikkon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities in tubers of ten indigenous potato varieties at harvesting and after keeping at cold storage. The activities of invertase, amylase, β-galactosidase and cellulase in all varieties were found to be increased by 2-12, 1.2-4, 1.9-4.5, and 1.1-3.7 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored potatoes. The amount of starch and sucrose were found to be decreased by 1.15-2.8 and 1.02-1.4 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties. Total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents in potatoes were increased by 1.02-1.4 and 4-11 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties of potatoes. The amount of reducing sugar increased in cold stored potatoes due to the increased activities of carbohydrate splitting enzymes. Key words: Potatoes, Indigenous, Carbohydrate splitting enzymes, Sugars. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3748 J. bio-sci. 16: 95-99, 2008

scholarly journals Biochemical and phytochemical evaluation of Stevia rebaudiana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman Sohag Howlader ◽  
Sheikh Rashel Ahmed ◽  
Khadizatul Kubra ◽  
Md Khairul Hassan Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The present study was aimed to evaluate biochemical and phytotochemical of dry leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Biochemical analysis indicated that Stevia leaves are a good source of carbohydrate and reducing sugar. Different extraction methods were used to prepare four different dry extracts (Extract A, B, C, D). Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were analyzed for these four dry extracts and commercial Stevia powder. The highest amount of total soluble sugar (477 mg sugar g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract C and higher amount of reducing sugar (82 mg g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract D among the extracts. But commercial Stevia powder showed higher total soluble sugar content (754 mg g-1 dry powder) and highest amount of reducing sugar (98 mg g-1 dry extract) than all the extracted dry samples. The extraction process of dry extract C was feasible for the extraction of total soluble sugar. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups and presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and saponins that were identified. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds (92 mg) was recorded from methanolic extract of extraction B. The lowest amount of total phenolic compounds (36 mg) was recorded in ethanolic extract of extraction A. So, Methanol proved as best solvent to extract increased quantity of total phenolic compounds than other solvents.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 121-130

Effect of Mechanical Damages and Storage Conditions on Quality of Markies cv. Potatoes for Processing

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dreice Nascimento Gonçalves ◽  
Luciana Gomes Soares ◽  
Ariana Mota Pereira ◽  
Paula Acácia Silva Ramos ◽  
Maria Eduarda Da Silva Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Storage

Aims: Evaluate whether mechanical damage and storage conditions affect the quality of the ‘Markies’ potato for processing. Study Design: The experimental design was the completely randomized, in the scheme of split-plots. The plots were composed of treatments with and without mechanical damage and the subplots were made up by the evaluation times, with 5 replicates, where the experimental unit was composed of 2 tubers. Place and Duration of Study: Tubers of the ‘Markies’ cultivar from the producing region of Perdizes, State of Minas Gerais, were planted in June 2016 and harvested in October 2016. Methodology: The tubers were stored for 2 months at 8°C, and further divided into treatment with damage, in which the tubers were subjected to impact and abrasion; and control treatment, in which the tubers were not damaged. After that, they were stored at 28°C and evaluated for their loss of loss of accumulated fresh mass (FML), total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugar (RS), non-reducing sugar (NRS) and color after frying in the periods of 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after being placed at room temperature. Results: The mechanical damage in the tubers increased FML, however, it did not affect the content of TSS, NRS, RS and color after frying. Increases were observed in the content of TSS and NRS after 12 h of evaluation. Grade 2 was assigned to the coloring scale after frying for the tubers regardless of treatment or evaluation period. Conclusion: Mechanical damage increases the FML and the ‘Markies’ cultivar is suitable for the industry of pre-fried potato processing even under the occurrence of mechanical damage and exposure to high temperatures.

scholarly journals Flowering, fruiting and physiology of apple tree under different irrigation levels in the Brazilian semiarid region

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cíntia Martins De Oliveira ◽  
Welson Lima Simões ◽  
Paulo Roberto Coelho Lopes ◽  
José Bezerra Da Silva ◽  
Emanoel Jurema Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Opposite Behavior ◽  
Irrigation Levels

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation levels on flowering, fruit set, carbohydrate and protein content and gas exchange, of apple varietiesin the Brazilian semiarid region. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plots with five replications and four plot irrigation levels (60, 80, 100, and 120% of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo)) and the subplots with two cultivars (Juliet and Princess). As a result, it was found that the number of flowers (NFL), fruits (NFR), shoot percentage (SP) and fruit set (FS) were higher in cv. Juliet. The number of buds (NB) and the fertility index (FI) were higher in cv. Princess. With regard to metabolites, reducing sugar content (RS) had no significant effect among cultivars. The non-reducing sugar content (NRS), total soluble sugar (TSS) and total soluble proteins (TSP) were higher in cv. Princess. As for irrigation depths, TSP, sprouting, flowering and fruit set increased along with the amount of water applied, while the RS, NRS and TSS contents had the opposite behavior.

scholarly journals Estimation of biochemical factors responsible for resistance to root and collar rot (Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.) in okra

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270
Author(s):  
Aravind T ◽  
A. B. Brahmbhatt
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Twenty okra genotypes were screened for their resistance to root and collar rot incited by Macrophomina phaseolina in the experimental fields of Department of Plant Pathology, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University. Based on their disease reaction, they were grouped into four categories i.e., resistant, moderately resistant, susceptible and highly susceptible. The biochemical analysis of the resistant and susceptible genotypes revealed that the total soluble sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar decreased following inoculation by the pathogen. The decrease in total soluble sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar were 21.54, 21.73 and 21.42 per cent in resistant variety, whereas in highly susceptible variety it was 6.06, 6.10 and 3.03 per cent, respectively. The total phenol content, soluble protein and peroxidase activity increased on inoculation with the pathogen. In the resistant variety, the increase in phenol content, soluble protein and peroxidase activity was 23.4, 32.56 and 63.86 per cent whereas in moderately resistant variety this was 19.85, 21.63 and 55.29 per cent, respectively. Susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes had low to moderate increase in the three parameters. The experimental results confirmed the importance of these biochemical factors in imparting the host resistance to root and collar rot.

scholarly journals Post-Harvest Quality of cv. Markies Potatoes Submited to Mechancial Damages

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Dreice Nascimento Gonçalves ◽  
Ariana Mota Pereira ◽  
Luciana Gomes Soares ◽  
Maria Eduarda da Silva Guimarães ◽  
Kharen Priscilla de Oliveira Salomão Petrucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Abrasion Damage

Mechanical damage and storage conditions may alter carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative enzyme activity, causing darkening and impairing the use of tubers in pre-fried potato processing industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic changes and carbohydrate metabolism of ‘Markies’ potato tubers subjected to mechanical damage and exposed to high temperatures before processing. The tubers were stored for 4 months at 8 °C, and further divided into treatment with impact and abrasion damage; and control treatment, in which the tubers were not damaged. Afterwards, they were stored at 28 °C room temperature, evaluated for loss of accumulated fresh mass (FML); total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugar (RS) and non-reducing sugar (NRS); color after frying and activity of polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) at 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after placed at room temperature. The mechanical damages incremented FML, RS, PPO and TSS, NRS and POD up to 35.6, 34, and 22 h, respectively. Regardless of the occurrence of mechanical damage and the period of evaluation, the sticks showed a light color after frying and were classified in category 2. The increase in the evaluation time led to the rise in FML and the PPO activity. It is concluded that the mechanical damages increase the FML and cause darkening of the tips of the sticks after frying, however this variety still display qualities that are suitable for industrial processing.

Nutritional profile and mineral composition of two edible mushroom varieties consumed and cultivated in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
Debendra Nath Roy ◽  
◽  
A. K. Azad ◽  
Farzana Sultana ◽  
A.S.M. Anisuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

In this study we have evaluated the nutritional analysisand mineral content of two varieties of mushroom species include oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) and Reshii (Ganoderma lucidum). The mushroom varieties were harvested and dried, then taken to the laboratory for proximate and mineral analysis by standard assay methods. For both mushrooms the nutritional composition was analyzed namely pH, moisture content, crude fibre, ash, water soluble protein, total lipid, total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and starch content. However ten mineral elements were analyzed: potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, sulfur, cupper, iron, manganese and zinc having no significance difference in values of both mushroom species. Based on the result these mushrooms have high nutrient potentials hence it will serve as a good means of reducing the incidence and high prevalence of malnutrition in Bangladesh since it is a cheap food source that is within the reach of the poor.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological characterization of leaves and inflorescences of commercial mini chrysanthemum varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282
Author(s):  
Carolina Rodrigues Victor de Carvalho ◽  
Mirelle Nayana de Sousa Santos ◽  
Ana Maria Mapeli
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents

Abstract Chrysanthemum is among the oldest plants cultivated by man, being widely cultivated in Brazil. In view of its economic importance and use in breeding, the present study aims to characterize mini chrysanthemum varieties, focusing on morphological and physiological parameters. Therefore, four varieties of mini chrysanthemums, in pots, were acquired in the local market: V1 - ‘Swifty Light Pink’ (purple), V2 - ‘Diablo Time’ (red), V3 - ‘White Cherie’ (white); V4 - ‘Giovanni’ (yellow), from which they were taken leaves and inflorescences samples for measurement of height, diameter and fresh mass, as well as to quantify the total soluble sugar (TSS, %), reducing sugar (RS, %), non-reducing sugar (NRS, %), anthocyanin and chlorophyll contents. Regarding the characterization of inflorescences, it was found that ‘Diablo Time’ had the largest diameter, height and fresh weight, in these last two cases not differing from ‘Giovanni’, which had lower anthocyanin content; while the highest values of carbohydrate content were found in ‘White Cherie’. In relation to the characterization of the leaves, ‘Giovanni’ had the largest dimensions, fresh mass and chlorophyll content. Already ‘Swifty Light Pink’ stood as to the sugar contents. Thus, it is clear that there are morphophysiological differences between the chrysanthemum mini varieties, which can contribute to breeding programs.

Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Poplar Plants to Drought Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARADHNA KUMARI ◽  
IM KHAN ◽  
ANIL KUMAR SINGH ◽  
SANTOSH KUMAR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Poplar clone Kranti was selected to assess the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses under drought at different levels of water stress, as it is a common clone used to be grown in Uttarakhand for making paper and plywood. The cuttings of Populus deltoides L. (clone Kranti) were exposed to four different watering regimes (100, 75, 50 and 25% of the field capacity) and changes in physiological and biochemical parameters related with drought tolerance were recorded. Alterations in physiological (i.e. decrease in relative water content) and biochemical parameters (i.e. increase in proline and soluble sugar content and build-up of malondialdehyde by-products) occurred in all the three levels of water stress, although drought represented the major determinant. Drought treatments (75%, 50% and 25% FC) decreased plant height, radial stem diameter, harvest index, total biomass content and RWC in all the three watering regimes compared to control (100% FC). Biochemical parameters like proline, soluble sugar and MDA content increased with severity and duration of stress, which helped plants to survive under severe stress. It was analyzed that for better wood yield poplar seedlings should avail either optimum amount of water (amount nearly equal to field capacity of soil) or maximum withdrawal up to 75% of field capacity up to seedling establishment period (60 days). Furthermore, this study manifested that acclimation to drought stress is related with the rapidity, severity, and duration of the drought event of the poplar species.

scholarly journals Effects of Leachate Fertigation and the Addition of Hydrogen Peroxide on Growth and Nutrient Balance in Dracaena deremensis Potted Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Pedro García-Caparrós ◽  
Cristina Velasquez Espino ◽  
María Teresa Lao
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The reuse of drainages for cultivating more salt tolerant crops can be a useful tool especially in arid regions, where there are severe problems for crops water management. Dracaena deremensis L. plants were cultured in pots with sphagnum peat-moss and were subjected to three fertigation treatments for 8 weeks: control treatment or standard nutrient solution (D0), raw leachates from Chrysalidocarpus lutescens H. Wendl plants (DL) and the same leachate blending with H2O2 (1.2 M) at 1% (v/v) (DL + H2O2). After harvesting, ornamental and biomass parameters, leaf and root proline and total soluble sugar concentration and nutrient balance were assessed in each fertigation treatment. Plant height, leaf and total dry weight had the highest values in plants fertigated with leachates with H2O2, whereas root length, leaf number, RGB values and pigment concentration declined significantly in plants fertigated with leachates from C. lutescens with or without H2O2. The fertigation with leachates, regardless of the presence or absence of H2O2 increased root and leaf proline concentration. Nevertheless, root and leaf total soluble sugar concentration did not show a clear trend under the treatments assessed. Regarding nutrient balance, the addition of H2O2 in the leachate resulted in an increase in plant nutrient uptake and efficiency compared to the control treatment. The fertigation with leachates with or without H2O2 increased nitrogen and potassium leached per plant compared to plants fertigated with the standard nutrient solution. The reuse of drainages is a viable option to produce ornamental plants reducing the problematic associated with the water consumption and the release of nutrients into the environment.

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