scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvir Abir ◽  
Nazmul Ahsan Kalimullah ◽  
Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu ◽  
Dewan Muhammad Nur -A. Yazdani ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Adult Participants

This study investigated the perception and awareness of risk among adult participants in Bangladesh about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). During the lockdown era in Bangladesh at two different time points, from 26−31 March 2020 (early lockdown) and 11−16 May 2020 (late lockdown), two self-administered online surveys were conducted on 1005 respondents (322 and 683 participants, respectively) via social media. To examine risk perception and knowledge-related factors towards COVID-19, univariate and multiple linear regression models were employed. Scores of mean knowledge (8.4 vs. 8.1, p = 0.022) and perception of risk (11.2 vs. 10.6, p < 0.001) differed significantly between early and late lockdown. There was a significant decrease in perceived risk scores for contracting SARS-Cov-2 [β = −0.85, 95%CI: −1.31, −0.39], while knowledge about SARS-Cov-2 decreased insignificantly [β = −0.22, 95%CI: −0.46, 0.03] in late lockdown compared with early lockdown period. Self-quarantine was a common factor linked to increased perceived risks and knowledge of SARS-Cov-2 during the lockdown period. Any effort to increase public awareness and comprehension of SARS-Cov-2 in Bangladesh will then offer preference to males, who did not practice self-quarantine and are less worried about the propagation of this kind of virus.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the Novel COVID-19 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvir Abir ◽  
Nazmul Ahsan Kalimullah ◽  
Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu ◽  
Dewan Muhammad Nur -A Yazdani ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Target Male ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

COVID-19 is an infectious disease spreading through human touch. This study explored the risk perception and knowledge towards COVID-19 infection among Bangladeshi adult participants. Two self-administered online surveys were administered at two different time points from 26-31 March 2020 (Early lockdown) and 11-16 May 2020 (Late lockdown) through social media on 1005 respondents (322 and 683 participants, respectively) during COVID-19 lockdown period in Bangladesh. Univariate and multiple linear regression models were used to examine factors associated with risk perception and knowledge towards COVID-19. The mean knowledge (8.4 vs. 8.1, P=0.022) and risk perception (11.2 vs. 10.6, P &lt; 0.001) scores differ significantly between early and late lockdown. Compared to the early lockdown period, the scores for perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 decreased significantly while public knowledge about COVID-19 was lower but not statistically significant. Female participants who practiced high quarantine particularly those who did so at the public health order during the lockdown reported increased knowledge towards the spread of COVID-19 and perceived high risk of contracting COVID-19. Education intervention using awareness to increase public knowledge and perception towards COVID-19 in Bangladesh should target male participants who practiced low quarantine and are less worried about the spread of such novel coronavirus even as the physical distancing persists.

Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Health-Related Predictors of Objectively Measured Sedentary Time and Physical Activity During Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Jones ◽  
Kara Whitaker ◽  
McKenzie Wallace ◽  
Bethany Barone Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Objectively Measured

Background: Sedentary behavior (SED) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) have important implications for health; however, little is known about predictors of these behaviors during pregnancy. Methods: This cohort study measured SED (activPAL) and MVPA (GT3X) in each trimester of pregnancy. Univariate associations of demographic, socioeconomic, and pregnancy health-related factors with SED or MVPA were calculated. Associations with P < .10 were included in stepwise linear regression models to determine independent predictors in each trimester. Results: Pregnant women (n = 127) were age 31.0 (4.9) years and 78% white. In regression models across trimesters, fewer children ≤ age 5 in the household (P < .04) and primarily sitting job activity (P < .008) were related to higher SED and use of assisted reproductive technology (P < .05) was associated with higher MVPA. In at least one trimester, younger age was related to higher SED (P = .014); no history of pregnancy loss (P < .04), being married (P = .003), employed (P < .004, full time or student), white race (P = .006), and higher education (P = .010) were associated with higher MVPA. Conclusions: Predictors of SED in pregnancy were more consistent, and differed from predictors of MVPA. These findings may help identify women at risk of high SED or low MVPA, though future research in larger samples is needed.

It Must have been Burnout: Prevalence and Related Factors among Spanish PhD Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Sorrel ◽  
José Ángel Martínez-Huertas ◽  
María Arconada
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Dissertation Advisor ◽  
Sociodemographic Data ◽  
Common Response ◽  
Prolonged Stress

Abstract Recent studies in different countries indicate that PhD students are more vulnerable to psychological disorders compared to the general population. No such data are available for the Spanish population. This study addresses this issue by studying prevalence rates and factors related to a common response to prolonged stress such as burnout syndrome. Burnout, emotional abilities, resilience, satisfaction with the dissertation advisor, and sociodemographic data were collected from 305 PhD students. The results indicated that the burnout rates are high in this group, especially for the emotional exhaustion dimension. Different linear regression models explained between 14% and 41% of the overall burnout scores variance and its dimensions. The psychological variables and the satisfaction with the dissertation advisor were the most relevant predictors. Consistent with what has been found in other countries, the evidence found indicates that the mental state of PhD students in Spain is alarming. The results of this study have important implications for the design and implementation of interventions to alleviate this problem.

scholarly journals Positive Attitudes and Reasons for Consuming Legumes Are Associated with Legume Intake Among Adults in Puerto Rico

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Elena Hemler ◽  
Martha Tamez ◽  
Jose Rodriguez Orengo ◽  
Josiemer Mattei
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression

Abstract Objectives Legumes are a healthy staple of the traditional Puerto Rican diet. Emphasizing legume intake could be a culturally acceptable strategy for chronic disease prevention in Puerto Rico. This study aimed to investigate attitudes, reasons, intentions, and expectations about legume consumption in Puerto Rico and associations with dietary intake. Methods This study includes adult participants (30–75y) from the Puerto Rico Assessment of Diet, Lifestyle and Diseases, who completed a validated food frequency questionnaire and a legumes questionnaire (n = 206). Attitudes and reasons were assessed with a Likert scale and assigned 0 points for disagree, 1 point for neutral, and 2 points for agree. Scores were computed by summing the points for 12 attitudes or 12 reasons; higher scores indicate more positive attitudes and stronger reasons for consuming legumes. Adjusted linear regression models examined associations between each score and bean intake, rice intake, and ratio of bean to rice intake. Adjusted logistic regression models tested the associations between specific intentions and expectations about legume consumption and bean intake. Results Most participants were female (70%), Puerto Rican (80%), and lived in urban areas (90%). Participants reported consuming a median of 0.47 servings/d of beans and 0.57 servings/d of rice. After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, each additional positive attitude was associated with a 0.08 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.1) servings/d higher bean intake and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.04, 1.28) higher ratio of bean to rice intake. Each additional reason to consume legumes was associated with a 0.04 (95% CI: 0.004, 0.06) servings/d higher bean intake. No other significant associations were observed for the attitudes or reasons scores, nor for expectations or intentions to consume legumes. Conclusions Having positive attitudes and more reasons for consuming legumes are associated with higher bean intake. Positive attitudes are also associated with a higher ratio of bean to rice intake. Interventions aiming to increase legume intake to prevent cardiometabolic disease in Puerto Rico should emphasize building positive attitudes and reasons for consuming legumes. Funding Sources Anonymous donations; Northarvest Bean Growers Association; FDI Clinical Research; and National Institutes of Health.

Impact of Package Descriptors on Young Adults' Perceptions of Cigarillos

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-135
Author(s):  
Abigail T. Evans ◽  
Jess Wilhelm ◽  
Haneen Abudayyeh ◽  
Lexie Perreras ◽  
Amy M. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Black And White

Objectives: In this study, we measured the effects of cigarillo packaging colors and flavor descriptors on appeal and perceived risk among young adults. Methods: United States-based young adults (ages 18-24) recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk were randomized to view one of 7 images of cigarillo packages that varied in color (Black and White [B&W], brown, red) and flavor descriptor (none, tobacco, apple). Respondents rated the product's appeal, risk, and addictiveness. Differences in ratings by study condition were assessed using linear regression models with bootstrapped standard errors. Results: There were 2818 participants, and 26.5% reported having ever used a little cigar or cigarillo. Brown and red packaging were rated as more appealing (vs B&W) across 4 dimensions (all ps < .05). Compared to no flavor descriptor, tobacco flavor was rated as more "Attention-Grabbing" (b = 0.21, p = .010) and apple flavor was rated higher on all 8 measures of appeal (all ps < .05) and perceived as less addictive (b = -0.13, p = .024). Conclusions: Colors and flavor descriptors on cigarillo packaging increased appeal and decreased perceived addictiveness. Restricting color and flavor descriptors on packaging may reduce their appeal.

Root Cause Analyses of Suicides of Mental Health Clients

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 316-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Gillies ◽  
David Chicop ◽  
Paul O'Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mental Health Clients ◽  
Imminent Risk

Abstract. Background: The ability to predict imminent risk of suicide is limited, particularly among mental health clients. Root cause analysis (RCA) can be used by health services to identify service-wide approaches to suicide prevention. Aims: To (a) develop a standardized taxonomy for RCAs; (b) to quantitate service-related factors associated with suicides; and (c) to identify service-related suicide prevention strategies. Method: The RCAs of all people who died by suicide within 1 week of contact with the mental health service over 5 years were thematically analyzed using a data collection tool. Results: Data were derived from RCAs of all 64 people who died by suicide between 2008 and 2012. Major themes were categorized as individual, situational, and care-related factors. The most common factor was that clients had recently denied suicidality. Reliance on carers, recent changes in medication, communication problems, and problems in follow-through were also commonly identified. Conclusion: Given the difficulty in predicting suicide in people whose expressions of suicidal ideation change so rapidly, services may consider the use of strategies aimed at improving the individual, stressor, support, and care factors identified in this study.

FAKTOR DETERMINAN PENYALURAN KREDIT BANK PERSERO

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Wigiyanti Masodah
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

Offering credit is the main activity of a Bank. There are some considerations when a bank offers credit, that includes Interest Rates, Inflation, and NPL. This study aims to find out the impact of Variable Interest Rates, Inflation variables and NPL variables on credit disbursed. The object in this study is state-owned banks. The method of analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression models. The results of the study have shown that Interest Rates and NPL gave some negative impacts on the given credit. Meanwhile, Inflation variable does not have a significant effect on credit given. Keywords: Interest Rate, Inflation, NPL, offered Credit.

Linear Regression Models for Interval-Valued Data using Log-transformation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nykolas Mayko Maia Barbosa ◽  
João Paulo Pordeus Gomes ◽  
César Lincoln Cavalcante Mattos ◽  
Diêgo Farias Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Log Transformation ◽  
Interval Valued

THE PREDICTIVE CONTENT OF DISAGGREGATED NORMAL INCOME: An Empirical Study in the JSX

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Sugiri
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Predictive Content ◽  
Multiple Step

The main objective of this study is to examine a hypothesis that the predictive content of normal income disaggregated into operating income and nonoperating income outperforms that of aggregated normal income in predicting future cash flow. To test the hypothesis, linear regression models are developed. The model parameters are estimated based on fifty-five manufacturing firms listed in the Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSX) up to the end of 1997.This study finds that empirical evidence supports the hypothesis. This evidence supports arguments that, in reporting income from continuing operations, multiple-step approach is preferred to single-step one.

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