scholarly journals Food Price Volatility and Asymmetries in Rural Areas of South Mediterranean Countries: A Copula-Based GARCH Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Capitanio ◽  
Giorgia Rivieccio ◽  
Felice Adinolfi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Garch Model ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Food Price ◽  
System Structure ◽  
World Population ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The World

Many discussions following the 2007/08 food price crisis have revolved around the magnitude of the negative impacts that it may have had on food security worldwide. In South-Eastern Mediterranean countries (SEMC), food security is strongly interrelated with several key economic and political issues. Many of these countries are becoming increasingly import-dependent, particularly on cereals, which are the essential raw material for human and animal food and feed. Due to both their economic system structure and consumption, the SEMC are responsible for a third of world cereals imports, whereas they account for only 5% of the world population. Given the set of constraints and this dependence on global markets, SEMC will be probably more exposed to severe swings in agricultural commodity prices in the coming years. In this view, this study examines the dependence structure among global food grain markets and Morocco and provides flexible models for dependency and the conditional volatility GARCH. A copula-based GARCH model has been carried out to estimate the marginal distributions of Morocco and world cereals commodity price changes. The results revealed that the joint co-movement between agricultural commodity price changes around the world and in Morocco, are generally considerable and there exists asymmetric tail dependence.

Crude Oil Price and Food Security Related Variables in Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Shri Dewi Applanaidu ◽  
Mukhriz Izraf Azman Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Food Price ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Oil Price Volatility ◽  
Crude Oil Prices

Objective - This study analyzes the dynamic relationship between crude oil price and food security related variables (crude palm oil price, exchange rate, food import, food price index, food production index, income per capita and government development expenditure) in Malaysia using a Vector Auto Regressive (VAR) model. Methodology/Technique - The data covered the period of 1980-2014. Impulse response functions (IRFs) was applied to examine what will be the results of crude oil price changes to the variables in the model. To explore the impact of variation in crude oil prices on the selected food security related variables forecast error variance decomposition (VDC) was employed. Findings - Findings from IRFs suggest there are positive effects of oil price changes on food import and food price index. The VDC analyses suggest that crude oil price changes have relatively largest impact on real crude palm oil price, food import and food price index. This study would suggest to revisiting the formulation of food price policy by including appropriate weight of crude oil price volatility. In terms of crude oil palm price determination, the volatility of crude oil prices should be taken into account. Overdependence on food imports also needs to be reduced. Novelty - As the largest response of crude oil price volatility on related food security variables food vouchers can be implemented. Food vouchers have advantages compared to direct cash transfers since it can be targeted and can be restricted to certain types of products and group of people. Hence, it can act as a better aid compared cash transfers. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Crude oil price, Food security related variables, IRF, VAR, VDC

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF QUINOA (QUINOA CHENOPODIUM WILLD.) CULTIVATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-356
Author(s):  
A. FATHI ◽  
F. KARDONI
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
The World ◽  
Semi Arid

Quinoa is a dicotyledonous species for seeds and, therefore, is not known as a cereal grain and is a pseudograin, which is introduced nowadays as a new crop in the world. Population growth and the need for more food put additional pressure on the environment, especially on water resources and agronomic ecosystems. This has led to more attention to plants that grow at different latitudes and altitudes. Climatic and environmental changes affect agricultural inputs, especially water resources. So, the best way of adapting to the current situation is the introduction of low-water, salt resistant, and drought-tolerant plants to the recent climatic changes. Water scarcity has become a serious problem in many countries. This restriction has had a significant impact on the development of countries. The plants which grow in arid and semi-arid regions are often exposed to adverse environmental factors, such as drought or salinity. Salinity and drought stress, more than any other factor, decrease crop yields around the world. These two abiotic stresses are the main limiting factors for crop production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Quinoa is an exceptional plant that can adapt to adverse conditions and can serve as a solution to the challenge of global food security. Recent droughts that occurred in the world have prompted governments to include plants in their development plans, which are adapted to the country's existing water and soil conditions and have high nutritional value. This way, quinoa cultivation can ensure their food security in the coming years.

scholarly journals Urbanization as a challenge for the food safety of a country

2018 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Lesya Sheludko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
World Population ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Actuality of the research topic. A number of global trends affects food supply and consumption, as well as food security in the world. The main one is the growth of the world population primarily in emerging countries and urbanization of the population. Accordingly, the topic of food security in the context of urbanization becomes highly relevant. Problem statement. It should be noted, that urbanization changes the quantity and structure of food products, increases the demand for quality products, impacts on food security and economic security of the country in general. Review of recent research and publications. Urbanization is a very complex subject; so many well-known foreign and domestic scientists from different fields of science have studied various aspects of urbanization. At the same time, the vast majority of publications are mostly theoretical and cover the demographic and geographical aspects of urban processes, while the issues of economic analysis and the impact of urbanization on food security remain inadequately studied. Task statement, research methods. The article aims to study the process of urbanization in the world and in Ukraine, as well as to identify the impact of urban processes on the economic development of countries and food security in order to develop recommendations on prospects and opportunities for Ukraine. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The paper describes the main processes of urbanization, which take place in different countries and in the world as a whole, as well as in Ukraine. The influence of urbanization processes on the economic development of the countries is determined, namely, that the countries with high level of urbanization have high economic development and accordingly the high Gross National Product per capita. It has been discovered, that urbanization also affects the food security of countries, as the number of urban population increases, the structure of consumer products changes, and the demand for food increases as well. Summary. Urbanization represents both a challenge and an opportunity for the development of agriculture, as well as food security. Urbanization provides opportunities for Ukraine in the face of growing demand for food, to improve its export potential.

scholarly journals Nutrition Problems in the Kyrgyz Republic and the Ways of Their Solution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bermet Djurupova ◽  
Jusup Pirimbaev ◽  
Gulmira Samatova
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
World Population ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Consumed

The article is devoted to the assessment of food consumption in the region. The aim of the study is to develop the main directions of improving the food security of Kyrgyzstan in the future. It is revealed that the absolute number of the world population suffering from malnutrition, according to modern estimates, increased from about 804 million in 2016 to almost 821 million in 2017. This trend serves as a clear warning that, if not intensified efforts, the task of the SDGs to eliminate hunger by 2030 will not be achieved The research toolkit includes mathematical methods for processing statistical data, an assessment of the energy and nutritional value of food consumed by the population. The scientific novelty of the study is to identify the factors that limit food consumption and the assessment of the nutritional value of the products used. The research results can be applied to further scientific developments in the direction of providing the market with various types of products.

scholarly journals URBAN AGROTECHNOLOGIES (CITY-FARMING) AS A PERSPECTIVE BRANCH OF DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD AGRIBUSINESS AND THE WAY TO IMPROVE THE CITIES FOOD SECURITY

2017 ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natan Mikhailovich Rutkin ◽  
Oleg Yurievich Lagutkin ◽  
Lina Yurievna Lagutkina
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Food Products ◽  
High Tech ◽  
World Population ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Key Innovation ◽  
The World

The outlook of the development of world urban agrotechnologies ("city-farming") by means of key innovation technological and market trends analysis has been researched. It is noted that the tendencies to reduction of the area of productive lands, exhausting ecosystem resources, including World ocean resources, harmful consequences of the climate changing are the main limiting factors of the development of traditional agriculture and supplying food products to the growing population of the world. The remote territories of mass food production from the mass markets result in a large amount of waste products (food losses) in supply chains, along with decreasing product quality and raising costs. Growth of the world population, increasing concentration of urban citizens along with changing of consumers’ food preferences towards "health", "natural", "organic" food bring up the development of an additional, or alternate, system of uninterrupted supply or self-provision of cities with food products, ensuring future food security. The article highlights the prospect of developing the international branch of agriculture in terms of its transition to the high-tech stage of development ("AgTech"), and reviews the innovation technologies inseparable from that transition. It has been found that the development of the urban agrotechnologies (city-farming), as a combination of innovative high-performance agro-practices of the food production in urban environment, can step up the level of food security due to increasing food availability in qualitative and quantitative aspects. The review of main city-farming technologies in accordance with directions of its practical applications was done for the first time. The conception "urban agrotechnologies" ("city-farming") has been defined as the scientific term.

The Challenges of Climate Change and Food Security in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): From Deep Understanding to Quick Actions

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahaf M. Ajaj ◽  
Suzan M. Shahin ◽  
Mohammed A. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
World Population ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Climate change and global warming became a real concern for global food security. The world population explosion is a critical factor that results in enormous emissions of greenhouse gasses (GHGs), required to cover the growing demands of fresh water, food, and shelter. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a significant oil-producing country, which is included in the list of 55 countries that produce at least 55% of the world’s GHGs and thus involved in the top 30 countries over the world with emission deficits. At the same time, the UAE is located in an arid region of the world, with harsh environmental conditions. The sharp population increases and the massive growth in the urbanization are primary sources, lead to further stresses on the agricultural sector. Thus, the future of the food production industry in the country is a challenging situation. Consequently, the primary objective of this work is to shed light on the current concerns related to climate change and food security, through describing the implications of climate change on the food production sector of the UAE. Tailored solutions that can rescue the future of food security in the country are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Sustainable Intensification of Global Agronomic Output

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Niels Dybro ◽  
Alan Christopher Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
World Population ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Total Crop ◽  
Yield Trends ◽  
High Level

Agribusinesses are investigating sustainable ways to meet the predicted increased demand for food production due to an increasing world population and higher living standards. Therefore, there is a strong need to increase agronomic output. This paper will review the current state of agricultural production of the main annual top-five staple grain crops grown around the world, their current yields and harvested area averages and trends. It concludes with a discussion of which changes are needed to increase the yield in lower yielding areas of the world. Finally, there is an assessment of what level of yield increases that could be attained provided the proposed changes are made and its predicted impact on food security by 2050.The current yield trends and trends for harvested area, when extrapolated out to 2050, indicate crop production will increase 106%. This includes an expansion of the total crop production area by 31%. This increase of cropping area can be achieved by increased utilization of available, uncropped land suitable for crop production, increased double cropping, and relay intercropping, allowing for multiple crops in a calendar year.In order to double crop production by 2050, it is necessary to focus on growing crops where the conditions make it possible, adopt the best sustainable crop production practices and implement them as intensively as possible everywhere, and consider improved crop production machine system options to reduce risk of soil compaction, which can reduce crop yields.With proposed changes across the world, it will be possible to exceed a doubling of food production by 2050 relative to 2005 levels, providing a reasonable high level of food security, absent wars and widespread natural disasters.

scholarly journals “THE EFFECT OF RICE SOWING ON THE SEEDLING METHOD FOR DIFFERENT PERIODS, PLANTING PATTERN AND THE NUMBER OF SEEDLINGS”

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5517-5525
Author(s):  
Tursunov Hayrullo Odiljonovich Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
World Population ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Growth Cycles ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
The World

The article provides information on the effect of the optimal amount of seedlings, planting patterns and timing on plant growth cycles when growing rice as a secondary crop. Nowadays, the demand for food is also increasing tremendously as a result of the rapid growth of the world’s population. This indicates that the issue of food security will become more complicated in the future. Like all food products, the population's demand for rice is growing from year to year. According to official FAO data, by 2020, the total volume of rice production should reach 750 million tons to meet the demand of the world population for rice.  

Food Security Through Rational Land Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-146
Author(s):  
Yulia Elfimova ◽  
Anna Ivolga ◽  
Ivan Ryazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
World Population ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Effective Administration ◽  
The World

Food security is challenged by the growth of the world population, intensification of agricultural production, depletion of scarce agricultural and environmental resources, and the consequent introduction of innovations to farming processes, one of which is land management. In this chapter, the authors discuss the role of innovative aspects and practices of land management in the establishment of food security and the provision of rational, sound, and effective administration of scarce land resources. In the case of Russia and other countries, the authors justify the necessity of rational land management focused on the innovative way of development of agricultural production.

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