scholarly journals Smoking and Vaping in Amateur Rugby Players, Coaches and Referees: Findings from a Regional Survey Might Help to Define Prevention Targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5720
Author(s):  
Frédéric Chagué ◽  
Emmanuel Reboursière ◽  
Jean Israël ◽  
Jean-Philippe Hager ◽  
Patrice Ngassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Gender Ratio ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Regional Survey ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nicotine Consumption ◽  
Rugby Players

A high prevalence of cigarette smoking has been documented in France, and new patterns of tobacco and nicotine consumption are emerging, especially in some sports. In the amateur rugby population, data are scarce on harmful consumption and on the awareness of the risk of smoking. We analyzed the consumption of tobacco and other nicotine products in French amateur players, coaches and referees. Amateur players (>12 years old), coaches and referees participating in the Burgundy amateur championship were invited to answer an electronic, anonymous questionnaire during the 2017–2018 sport season. Among the 683 subjects (gender ratio M/F = 0.9), 176 (25.8%) were current smokers, including 32.4% of the referees and 28.2% of the coaches. The prevalence of smokers was higher in females (37.5%) than in males (24.6%). Most (86.4%) smoked within 2 h before/after a rugby session. Only 28 subjects (4.1%) usually vaped; 21 of them (75%) vaped within 2 h before/after a rugby session. Other tobacco or nicotine products were infrequent. The awareness about the risks of smoking before/after sport was incomplete, including in coaches and referees. The prevalence of cigarette smoking is alarming across the whole spectrum of rugby amateur actors. Education programs are urgently needed to reduce tobacco consumption in this at-risk population.

scholarly journals Tobacco-related risk behaviors among amateur rugby players, coaches and referees: targets for prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Chague ◽  
J Israel ◽  
J P Guinoiseau ◽  
G Garet ◽  
E Reboursiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Educational Role ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nicotine Consumption ◽  
Public Grant ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
Chronic Risk

Abstract Background High prevalence of smoking has been documented in France and new patterns of tobacco and nicotine consumption are emerging, especially in some sports. In amateur rugby population, such attitudes could be harmful, but data are scarce as well as their knowledge of the risk. Purpose We analyzed tobacco consumption in French amateur players, coaches and referees. Methods Each amateur players [>12-y/o], coaches and referees licensed in the French Rugby Federation and participating in the Burgundy amateur championship was invited to answer to an electronic anonymous questionnaire during the 2017–2018 sport season. Results 683 [sex ratio M/F = 0.9] answers were obtained and fit for analysis. Among them, 559 (81.8%) were players, 167 (24,5%) were coaches and 74 (10.8%) were referees. 176 subjects (25.8%) were current smokers, 126 (18.4%) daily smokers, 54 (37% of usual smokers) smoked more than 10 cigarettes a day and 97 (14.2%) were ex-smokers. Moreover, 24 referees (32.4%) and 47 coaches (28.2%) were current smokers. Most smoked 2 hours before or after a rugby session (86.4% of smokers), including coaches (89.4%) and referees (89%). Although 109 smokers (61.9%) considered quitting, only 27 (24.8%) considered vaping to aid them. Only 28 subjects (4.1%) usually vaped, of whom 15 daily (1.9%); 21 of them (75%) vaped in the 2 hours before or after a rugby session. Number of cigarettes in the 19 dual users was not different compared with non-vaping smokers. Among the 28 vapers, motivation to vape included lower risk than smoking (13), consider to quit (12), cheaper than smoking (8), festive and socializing (6), avoid to smoke (3), respect the performance (2). Other tobacco or nicotine products were infrequent: waterpipe (7), dry snuff (1) and none used snus. The knowledge about risk was incomplete: 35 (5.1%) subjects do not know that smoking is dangerous for their health and 12 (1.8%) think it is not. 246 (36%) and 195 (28.6%) do not know if smoking is more dangerous in the 2 hours before or after sport; 45 (6.6%) and 18 (2.6%) think it is not. Moreover, 27.5% of coaches were unaware on the risk of smoking before a sport session and 19.2% on the risk after. 244 subjects (35.7%) do not know if vaping is less dangerous than smoking; 272 (39.8%) are not informed of the potential risk of nicotine when vaping. Conclusion Despite information, prevalence of smoking remains high in the French amateur rugby players, coaches and referees. Smokers usually smoke in the 2 hours before or after the sport session. This is dangerous for them and for their peers. The low knowledge about the CV risk is of great concern, especially when considering the coaches and referees considering both their symbolic position and their educational role. Vaping and other patterns of nicotine exposure are infrequent; none of them use snus. Targeted education programs are urgently needed to reduce acute and chronic risk of tobacco consumption in this population. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): CHU Dijon Bourgogne ARS Bourgogne Franche Comté

scholarly journals Patterns of Periodontal Destruction among Smokeless Tobacco Users in a Central Indian Population

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Pradeep S. Anand ◽  
Supriya Mishra ◽  
Deepti Nagle ◽  
Namitha P. Kamath ◽  
Kavitha P. Kamath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Periodontal Destruction ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits

Background: Findings of studies testing the association between smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and periodontal health have shown varying results in different populations. Considering the high prevalence of SLT use in India, the present study was conducted to understand the pattern of periodontal destruction within different areas of the dentition among SLT users. Methods: Age, gender, oral hygiene habits, the frequency and duration of SLT consumption, the type of SLT product used, and the site of retention of the SLT product in the oral cavity were recorded among 90 SLT users. Probing depth (PD), recession (REC), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) at SLT-associated and non SLT-associated teeth of the mandibular arch were compared based on the site of retention of the SLT product, the type of product used, and the duration of the habit. Results: REC and CAL were significantly higher at the SLT-associated zones compared to non SLT-associated zones and at both interproximal and mid-buccal sites of SLT-associated teeth. Among individuals who had the habit for more than 5 years and also among those who had the habit for 5–10 years, PD, REC, and CAL were significantly higher at SLT-associated teeth than at non SLT-associated teeth. Significantly greater periodontal destruction was observed at SLT-associated teeth among khaini users and gutkha users. Conclusions: Smokeless tobacco consumption resulted in greater destruction of periodontal tissues. The severity of periodontal destruction at SLT-associated sites differed depending on the type of smokeless tobacco used, the site of retention of the SLT, and the duration of the habit.

scholarly journals Preservation Effect: Cigarette Smoking Acts on the Dynamic of Influences Among Unifying Neuropsychiatric Triple Networks in Schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1242-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liao ◽  
Yun-Shuang Fan ◽  
Siqi Yang ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
Xujun Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Granger Causality Analysis ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Objective The high prevalence of cigarette smoking in schizophrenia (SZ) is generally explained by the self-medication theory. However, its neurobiological mechanism remains unclear. The impaired dynamic of influences among unifying neuropsychiatric triple networks in SZ, including the central executive network (CEN), the default mode network (DMN), and the salience network (SN), might explain the nature of their syndromes, whereas smoking could regulate the dynamics within networks. Therefore, this study examined whether cigarette smoking could elicit a distinct improvement in the dynamics of triple networks in SZ and associated with the alleviation of symptoms. Methods Four groups were recruited, namely, SZ smoking (n = 22)/nonsmoking (n = 25), and healthy controls smoking (n = 22)/nonsmoking (n = 21). All participants underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The dynamics among unifying neuropsychiatric triple networks were measured using Granger causality analysis on the resting-sate fMRI signal. Interaction effects between SZ and smoking on dynamics were detected using 2-way analysis of covariance, correcting for sex, age, and education level. Results Whereas smoking reduced SN→DMN dynamic in healthy controls, it preserved the dynamic in SZ, thus suggesting a preservation effect. Moreover, smoking additionally increased DMN→CEN dynamic in SZ. Conclusions This finding from neural pathways shed new insights into the prevailing self-medication hypothesis in SZ. More broadly, this study elaborates on the neurobiological dynamics that may assist in the treatment of the symptomatology of SZ.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption among women of Rural Telangana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murali Lingala ◽  
Sneha Simon ◽  
Bhagath . ◽  
Kavitha .
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Tobacco kills approximately 1 million people annually in India and is responsible for almost half of all cancers in men and quarter of all cancers in women. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) is one such form that is culturally and socially acceptable by women especially in rural India. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among women, prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke and to determine the factors associated with it.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done among 190 women in the rural field practice area of department of community medicine of Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal during the period of October 2019 to December 2019. Data was collected using simple random sampling. A semi structured questionnaire was prepared with the help of global adult tobacco survey proforma. The data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 20.00.Results: Prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption was 57% and the most common form of tobacco being consumed was tobacco with pan (40.3%). The prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke at home was 61%. The most common reason for initiation was peer pressure. High prevalence of consumption of smokeless tobacco was seen in unemployed and illiterate women.Conclusions: The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption is higher among women in this study and this indicates the lack of awareness and the need for better strategies to reduce the burden.

scholarly journals Prevalence of carotid and femoral artery atherosclerosis among the Ivanovo Oblast population: data from the ATEROGEN-Ivanovo study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2994
Author(s):  
A. I. Ershova ◽  
T. V. Balakhonova ◽  
A. N. Meshkov ◽  
V. A. Kutsenko ◽  
E. B. Yarovaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Very High ◽  
Low Cardiovascular Risk

Aim. To study the prevalence of carotid (CA) and femoral artery (FA) atherosclerosis among Russian population, mainly in middle age group, using a representative sample of one of the Central Russian regions.Material and methods. The analysis included participants of the ATEROGEN-Ivanovo study (sub-study of the ESSE-RF conducted in the Ivanovo region) aged 40-67 years, who were invited for CA and FA ultrasound to assess plaque presence. A total 1102 people were examined, which was >80% of the original sample.Results. The age of subjects was 54 [48; 60] years (men, 28%). Only 11,2% of participants took statins; 30,9% had low cardiovascular risk (CVR), 35,6% — moderate CVR, 21,8% — high CVR, and 11,8% — very high CVR. The incidence of at least one plaque in CA or FA was 73,6%. The prevalence of CA atherosclerosis was 76,4% in men and 59,1% in women, FA atherosclerosis — 54,9% and 28,3%, respectively. Furthermore, plaques were detected already at the age of 40. The incidence of plaques significantly increased with age, with the exception of carotid atherosclerosis in men, a significant increase in the incidence of which stopped at 45 years of age.Conclusion. Among the Ivanovo population aged 40-67 with a predominance of low-to-moderate CVR patients, there is a high prevalence of carotid and femoral atherosclerosis, which indicates a high potential for using ultrasound for diagnosing subclinical atherosclerosis in assessing CVR in people of this age range.

scholarly journals A brief review on cigarette induced cellular damage

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Sudip Dey ◽  
◽  
Pokhraj Guha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Immunoglobulin Level ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin Level ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Chronic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protein Response

Cigarette smoking has become one of the most common addictions in context to the present scenario of tobacco consumption. Comprising of nearly 7000 chemicals, cigarette smoke have both free radicals and oxidizing agents in both smoke tar and gas phase, both of which can cause oxidative stress in human health. Long time smoking causes decreased serum immunoglobulin level but increased level of auto– antibodies. During chronic oxidative stress resulting from cigarette smoking, cells secrete mucus and increased viscosity of mucus in airways makes it susceptible to bacterial infection. Furthermore, chronic exposure of lungs to tobacco smoke causes unfolded protein response, ER stress and altered ceramide metabolism. Apart from the above mentioned facts, Cigarette smoking can also cause senescence resulting in abnormal wound healing that exaggerates pathogenesis of COPD. Although there are several management therapies available for COPD management, but the permanent cellular damages due to smoking are irreparable and results in disease exaggeration and suffering.

scholarly journals The prevalence of clinical signs of ankle instability in club rugby players

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
E Mellet ◽  
A Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Mechanical Instability ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
Balance Error ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Background. Ankle injuries are one of the most common injuries in sport and have a high recurrence rate.Aim. To determine the prevalence of clinical signs of ankle injuries in club rugby players in South Gauteng.Methods. Institutional ethical clearance was obtained for the study. Of the 180 players from 9 clubs who were eligible for participation in thestudy, 76% (n=137) were recuited. Informed consent was obtained before players were asked to complete a battery of tests. Each player wasasked to complete a demographic questionnaire and the Olerud and Molander questionnaire to determine the prevalence of clinical signs ofperceived instability. The prevalence of clinical signs of mechanical instability was determined by the anterior drawer test (ADT) and talartilt test (TTT). Balance and proprioception were assessed by the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and this was used to determine theprevalence of clinical signs of functional instability.Results. The prevalence of perceived instability was 44%. The prevalence of clinical signs of mechanical ankle instability was 33%. There was anincreased prevalence of mechanical instability in players who had a history of previous ankle injuries: ADT left (p=0.003); ADT right (p=0.01);TTT left (p=0.001); TTT right (p=0.08), both tests positive left (p=0.001) and both tests positive right (p=0.03). The prevalence of clinical signsof functional ankle instability depended on the surface and visual input, and was greater as the challenge or perturbation increased.Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of clinical signs of ankle instability in club rugby players for perceived, mechanical and functionalinstability. Those with previously injured ankles were more likely to have unstable ankles.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking Habits among University Students: Prevalence and Associated Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Junaid Jamshed ◽  
Muhammad Mushtaq Khan ◽  
Zahid Latif
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Smoking is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world and is estimated to kill 5 million people each year worldwide. If current patterns of tobacco consumption continue, smoking will kill more than 8 million people each year globally by the year 2030, with 80% of these deaths in the developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of cigarette smoking among male university students in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 male students at University of Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir in Muzaffarabad from July to December 2015. The socio-demographic characteristics and cigarette smoking behavior of the students were measured by using a standardized pre-tested self-administrated validated questionnaire in English. The overall prevalence of cigarette smoking among students was found to be 49.4%. The mean age of starting cigarette smoking was 19.2 2.73 years. Age, marital status and education were found significantly associted with cigarette smoking behavior (<em>p</em>-value&lt;0.05). The most common reason for cigarette smoking was stress alleviation (35.0%) followed by peer pressure (24.5%). As cigarette smoking is considerably higher among students. There is a need to develop effective tobacco control measures among university students in Muzaffarabad.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Public Awareness About Measures to Combat Tobacco and Nicotine-Containing Products in the Russian Federation in 2019-2021

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
O. O. Salagay ◽  
◽  
G. M. Sakharova ◽  
N. S. Antonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Internet Surveys ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Nicotine Consumption

The article examines the results of a three-year monitoring of public opinion on public awareness about measures to reduce the prevalence of tobacco consumption in the Russian Federation, which was conducted on the basis of Internet surveys (SLOP research) using a questionnaire developed in accordance with the objectives of the study in 2019-2021. The questionnaire also included questions about the knowledge of the respondents about the prohibition of the sale and using of tobacco and nicotine-containing products in public places, as well as about the sources of information they noticed. The purpose of the monitoring was to identify trends and new trends in tobacco and nicotine consumption, knowledge of tobacco control measures and information sources of the population. This article describes a study of the dynamics of awareness among survey respondents about bans on the sale and use of tobacco and nicotine-containing products in public places, and also analyzes the sources of information that respondents noticed.

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