Favorable Lip and Oral Cancer Mortality-to-Incidence Ratios in Countries with High Human Development Index and Expenditures on Health

Background: The incidence rates of lip and oral cancer have continued to increase, and prognosis is associated with a country’s socioeconomic status. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) is a reasonable indicator of disparities in cancer screening and treatment. In this study, we aimed to understand the association between economic status and cancer prognosis. Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The MIRs were compared to evaluate the correlation with the human development index (HDI), the current health expenditure (CHE), and the ratio of CHE over gross domestic product (CHE/GDP) disparities via Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed that Asia had the most cases and deaths. In addition, they showed a significant association (p < 0.001, p = 0.005, and p < 0.001, respectively) of the crude rate (CR) of incidence with the HDI, the CHE, and the CHE/GDP. However, their associations with mortality rate (p = 0.303, p = 0.997, and p = 0.101) were not significant. Regarding the correlation of the MIRs, the results revealed a significant association with the HDI, the CHE, and the CHE/GDP (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Countries with higher HDI, CHE per capita, and CHE/GDP tend to have lower MIRs, which indicates favorable clinical outcomes.

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Favorable Lip and Oral Cancer Mortality-To-Incidence Ratios in Countries With High Human Development Index and Expenditures On Health

10.21203/rs.3.rs-145593/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wen-Wei Sung ◽

Yong-Chen Hsu ◽

Ying-Ching Chen ◽

Yu-Chi Chao ◽

Chih-Jung Chen

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Economic Status ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Cancer Prognosis ◽

World Health ◽

Development Index ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: The incidence rate of lip and oral cancer is increasing in recent years, the prognosis of which is associated with a country’s socioeconomic status. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) is a reasonable indicator of disparities in cancer screening and treatment. We aim to understand the association between economic status and cancer prognosis.Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The MIR was applied to evaluate the correlation to healthcare expenditures and the human development index (HDI) disparities via Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.Results: The results showed that Asia has the most cases and deaths. The association of the HDI, current health expenditure (CHE), and ratio of CHE to the percentage of gross domestic product (CHE/GDP) to the crude rate (CR) of incidence show significant results (p<0.001, p=0.005, and p<0.001, respectively). However, their association with the mortality rate (p=0.303, p=0.997, and p=0.101) is not significant. In the correlation of the MIRs, the results revealed a significant association with the HDI, CHE, and CHE/GDP with the MIR (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively).Conclusion: Countries with a higher HDI, more CHE per capita, and higher CHE/GDP tend to have a lower MIR, which indicates a favorable clinical outcome.

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Erratum to “Relationship between the Human Development Index and its Components with Oral Cancer in Latin America” [J Epidemiol Global Health 9(4), 2019, 223–232]

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health ◽

10.2991/jegh.k.200123.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 112

Author(s):

Brenda Yuliana Herrera-Serna ◽

Edith Lara-Carrillo ◽

Victor Hugo Toral-Rizo ◽

Regiane Cristina do Amaral ◽

Raul Alberto Aguilera-Eguía

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Global Health ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Development Index

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UV-Related Melanoma Cancer and Its Association with the Human Development Index (HDI): GLOBOCAN Sources and Methods

Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal ◽

10.5812/ircmj.103605 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Seraji ◽

Zaher Khazaei ◽

Victoria Momenabadi ◽

Reza Beiranvand ◽

Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Population Attributable Fraction ◽

World Health ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Development Index ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Melanoma Cancer

Background: Exposure to radiation is a major risk factor for skin cancer so that 65 to 90% of skin cancers can be attributed to the exposure with sunlight. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the association between the human development index and the incidence of UV-related melanoma. Methods: This is an ecological study. Data on the incidence of UV-induced melanoma were extracted from the GLOBOCAN estimates (GLOBOCAN 2012), and data on the human development index were extracted from the World Health Organization (WHO) database. Data analysis was conducted by Stata software (Ver. 14). The descriptive analysis involved mean and standard deviation. The correlation method was used to evaluate the association between the population attributable fraction (PAF) of melanoma for ultraviolet (UV) and the HDI components. A P value < 0.005 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The results revealed a significant positive association between UV-attributable melanoma cancer and HDI in women (r = 0.401, P < 0.0001), men (r = 0.488, P < 0.0001), and both sexes (r = 0.455, P < 0.0001). In Americas (r = 0.452, P < 0.05) and Europe (r = 0.740, P < 0.05), a significant positive correlation was observed between UV-induced melanoma and HDI, but this association was not significant in Asia (P > 0.05). In Africa, a negative correlation was observed, though it was not statistically significant (r = -0.301, P > 0.05). The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant statistical relationship between the incidence of UV-related melanoma and the levels of development (F = 25.1, P < 0.0001) so that the higher the score of HDI, the higher the incidence of this cancer. Conclusions: Since there is a positive correlation between UV-related melanoma and HDI, further attention should be paid to this risk factor, especially in countries with a high HDI to reduce the UV-induced melanoma cancer.

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Spatial distribution of the human development index, HIV infection and AIDS-Tuberculosis comorbidity: Brazil, 1982 - 2007

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400060017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (suppl 2) ◽

pp. 204-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Antonio Luiz Rodrigues-Júnior ◽

Antonio Ruffino-Netto ◽

Euclides Ayres de Castilho

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Development Index ◽

Aids Epidemic ◽

Hiv Aids

INTRODUCTION: AIDS epidemic has given visibility to the incidence of tuberculosis, for being the most frequent opportunistic infection. It is known that individuals who are socially vulnerable are more susceptible to HIV transmission and tuberculosis as well. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to conduct a geoepidemiological study on HIV/AIDS, AIDS-Tuberculosis co-infection and social vulnerability. METHOD: This is an ecological study using incidence rates and the human development index to produce thematic maps and a descriptive analysis of epidemiology. The records of reported cases of HIV/AIDS from 1982 to 2007 were used, considering as cases of AIDS-Tuberculosis those records that were positively diagnosed with tuberculosis and those records with unknown diagnosis of tuberculosis, but showing compatible signs and symptoms with tuberculosis (fever, cough, cachexia and asthenia). RESULTS: The maps allowed the identification of areas with social differences and different patterns of incidence of HIV/AIDS and AIDS-Tuberculosis; regional differences were similar to those found by Josué de Castro, in 1940; regions with higher human development index values also showed higher incidence HIV/AIDS and AIDS-Tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: The prevention of HIV infection must be geographically specific, given socioeconomic and cultural differences. Although official records show decline in AIDS-TB co-infection, treatment of cases of HIV/AIDS should observe the occurrence of opportunistic diseases, which should be notified and/or updated.

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In the Pursuit of Conceptualizing a Sustainable Human Development Index in a Globalized World: An Analysis of the Evidence from Assam and Meghalaya

Sustainability Agri Food and Environmental Research ◽

10.7770/safer-v0n0-art1960 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ayan Rudra

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Policy Implications ◽

World Health ◽

Multiple Sources ◽

Development Index ◽

North East ◽

Sustainable Human Development ◽

Globalized World

There is worldwide consensus today that problems relating to the environment have reached immense proportions and that immediate drastic steps should be taken by nations and the authorized global community to arrest the decline of our environment. The World Health Organization estimates that roughly 25 percent of the disease burden in the developing world is due to environmental factors. For this paper Environmental Human Development Index (EHDI) has been measured, which is a modified version of Human Development Index (HDI) in the pursuit of Conceptualizing a Sustainable Human Development Index in a Globalized World by Evidence from Assam and Meghalaya. This study is based on secondary data obtained from multiple sources. These are like- Census 2011, Central Pollution Control Board, India stat, World Bank, etc. The paper concludes with policy implications for the topic at hand. This study tries to search for development situation regarding the environmental condition of two sister states of North East India. After including the ecological parameters and household status, the shape of the development index is changing. Both states are increasing the development index value. But here Meghalaya increased its development value more than the state Assam. This study portrays with increasing environmental pollutants of particular state morbidity, especially cardiac diseases are growing.

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Association between Gastric Cancer Mortality-to-Incidence Ratio and Human Development Index: Evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Archives of Iranian Medicine ◽

10.34172/aim.2021.130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 869-875

Author(s):

Maryam Nouri ◽

Farid Zayeri ◽

Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari ◽

Maryam Khayamzadeh ◽

Farid Moradian

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Human Development ◽

Burden Of Disease ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Economic Status ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Global Burden Of Disease ◽

Global Burden ◽

Development Index

Background: Gastric cancer has been one of the major causes of death in the past decades. It is the fifth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of neoplasm death worldwide. Thus, to know more about this health problem, assessing the burden of this cancer and its association with socioeconomic status of countries is of great importance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mean trend of gastric cancer mortality-to-incidence ratio (GCMIR) in different super regions defined by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) and investigate the relationship between GCMIR and Human Development Index (HDI) in the period 2000-2016. Methods: We used the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2016 study to calculate GCMIR for 185 world countries in the period 2000–2016. We also extracted the HDI data for each year under study from the Updates of the UNDP website. To attain the analytic aims, marginal modeling and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were utilized. Results: Sub-Saharan Africa was the only super region with a positive slope of GCMIR, and high-income countries had the greatest decreasing slope of GCMIR during the study period. Moreover, there was a negative association between GCMIR and HDI in these years. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that gastric cancer could be thought not only as a biological disease but also as a social event that will be more controllable with the improvement of economic status and other social determinants of health.

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Estimates of global HIV/AIDS mortality, prevalence and incidence rates, and their association with the Human Development Index

Biomedical Research and Therapy ◽

10.15419/bmrat.v4i06.181 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (06) ◽

pp. 1399

Author(s):

Kamyar Mansori ◽

Erfan Ayubi ◽

Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani ◽

Shiva Mansouri Hanis ◽

Somayeh Khazaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Development Index ◽

Life Expectancy At Birth ◽

Global Age ◽

Hiv Aids ◽

Years Of Schooling

Background: HIV/AIDS is one of greatest global public health concerns today due to the high incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. The aim of this research was investigate and estimate the global HIV/AIDS mortality, prevalence and incidence rates, and explore their associations with the Human Development Index. Methods: The global age-standardized rates of mortality, prevalence and incidence of HIV/AIDS were obtained from the UNAIDS for different countries in 2015. The human development indexes (HDIs) were obtained from the World Bank database. The surveyed countries were divided into four groups according to the HDI distribution. The Spearman correlation coefficient and one-way ANOVA test were used for assessing the association of HIV/ AIDS indicators and HDI. Results: The highest rates of HIV/AIDS prevalence and incidence, and associated mortality in East and Southern Africa countries were 51.73%, 46.33% and 42.3%, respectively. Moreover, the highest and lowest global age-standardized rates of incidence and prevalence of HIV/AIDS was seen in adults ranging from 15-49 years of age for both low and high HDI countries. The prevalence and incidence rates of HIV/AIDS each had an inverse correlation with HDI and its four indicators (life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and GNI per capita). Conclusion: Less developed countries with lower HDI show greater severity of the AIDS epidemic. Thus, it is essential to pay more attention to HIV/AIDS control and prevention programs in these countries.

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Prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in poor children from Mato Grosso do Sul

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1980-5497201500020014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 466-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Diego Augusto Santos Silva ◽

Heloyse Elaine Gimenes Nunes

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The State ◽

World Health ◽

Transfer Program ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Development Index ◽

Bolsa Familia ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among children who were beneficiaries of the Brazil's conditional cash transfer program Bolsa Família during 2010, according to gender and health in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive epidemiological study was conducted with a secondary database of Datasus/Sisvan. The data from 19,289 children (9,451 girls and 9,838 boys), aged 5 to 10 years, who benefited from the program Bolsa Família in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul in 2010 were collected. The variables were body weight and height. Body mass index was analyzed with Z-scores of normative tables from the World Health Organization. RESULTS: The prevalence of underweight was 4.8% among female and 5.6% among male participants. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was, respectively, 14.8 and 9.1% for female participants and 16.1 and 11.9% for male participants. The prevalence of underweight and obesity was lower in cities/towns with a lower Human Development Index, for female and male individuals. The prevalence of overweight in cities/towns with a lower Human Development Index was lower among female participants and higher among male participants. CONCLUSIONS: The higher prevalence of overweight among individuals of lower socioeconomic status indicates the need for understanding macro-factors that can influence the children's nutritional status.

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Report Card Grades on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth Comparing 30 Very High Human Development Index Countries

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2018-0431 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (s2) ◽

pp. S298-S314 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Salomé Aubert ◽

Joel D. Barnes ◽

Nicolas Aguilar-Farias ◽

Greet Cardon ◽

Chen-Kang Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

High Rate ◽

Children And Youth ◽

Report Cards ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Development Index ◽

Very High

Background: To better understand the childhood physical inactivity crisis, Report Cards on physical activity of children and youth were prepared concurrently in 30 very high Human Development Index countries. The aim of this article was to present, describe, and compare the findings from these Report Cards. Methods: The Report Cards were developed using a harmonized process for data gathering, assessing, and assigning grades to 10 common physical activity indicators. Descriptive statistics were calculated after converting letter grades to interval variables, and correlational analyses between the 10 common indicators were performed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. Results: A matrix of 300 grades was obtained with substantial variations within and between countries. Low grades were observed for behavioral indicators, and higher grades were observed for sources of influence indicators, indicating a disconnect between supports and desired behaviors. Conclusion: This analysis summarizes the level and context of the physical activity of children and youth among very high Human Development Index countries, and provides additional evidence that the situation regarding physical activity in children and youth is very concerning. Unless a major shift to a more active lifestyle happens soon, a high rate of noncommunicable diseases can be anticipated when this generation of children reaches adulthood.

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Incidence and mortality of kidney cancer and its relationship with HDI (Human Development Index) in the world in 2012

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-691 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

pp. 286-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maryam Mohammadian ◽

Reza Pakzad ◽

Farhad Towhidi ◽

Behnam Reza Makhsosi ◽

Abbas Ahmadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Human Development ◽

Kidney Cancer ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Developed Countries ◽

World Health ◽

Development Index ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The World

Background and aims. Kidney cancer is among the cancers that have the highest growth rate in all age and racial groups in the world and is as the most deadly type of urinary tract cancer. Since awareness about this cancer incidence status and mortality is essential for better planning, this study aimed to investigate the incidence and mortality rate of kidney cancer and its relationship with the development index in the world in 2012.Method. This study was an ecological study conducted based on GLOBOCAN project of the World Health Organization (WHO) for the countries in the world. The correlation between Standardized Incidence Rates (SIRs) and Standardized Mortality Rates (SMRs) of kidney cancer with HDI and its components was assessed using SPSS18.Results. In total, 337,860 incidence cases (213,924 were men and 123,936 women) and 143,406 deaths (90,802 cases in men and 52,604 in women) of kidney cancer were recorded in 2012. A positive correlation of 0.731 was seen between SIR of kidney cancer and HDI (p≤0.001). Also, a negative correlation of 0.627was seen between SMR of kidney cancer and HDI (p≤0.001). Conclusion. The incidence and mortality rate of kidney cancer is higher in developed countries. A significant positive correlation has been seen between the standardized incidence and mortality rate of kidney cancer with the Human Development Index and its components. We need more studies to examine variation in incidence and mortality of kidney cancer and its related factors in the world.

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