scholarly journals Exclusive and Dual Cigarette and Hookah Smoking Is Associated with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes among Pregnant Women in Cairo, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 12974
Author(s):  
Omar El-Shahawy ◽  
Kareem Labib ◽  
Elizabeth Stevens ◽  
Linda G. Kahn ◽  
Wagida Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Prenatal Smoking ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Hookah Smoking ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery ◽  
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide

This study assessed the prevalence of prenatal smoking, factors associated with prenatal smoking, and its association with birth outcomes in a sample of pregnant women in Egypt. Pregnant women were recruited during their last trimester from antenatal clinics in Cairo from June 2015 to May 2016. Participants completed an interviewer-administered survey that assessed tobacco use and attitudes, and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) was measured. Gestational age at delivery and offspring birth weight were collected via a postnatal phone interview. Two hundred pregnant women ages 16–37 years participated. More than a quarter (29.0%) of women reported smoking (cigarettes, hookah, or both) during their current pregnancy, and hookah was more popular than cigarettes. Most women who smoked prior to their current pregnancy either maintained their current smoking habits (46.6%) or switched from dual to hookah-only smoking (46.6%). Current smokers during pregnancy had a higher mean (±SD) exhaled CO level (2.97 ± 1.45 vs. 0.25 ± 0.60 ppm, p < 0.001) and had babies with a lower mean birth weight (2583 ± 300 vs. 2991 ± 478 g, p < 0.001) than non-smokers. Smokers during pregnancy had greater odds of premature birth and/or low birth weight babies compared to non-smokers. Dual cigarette-hookah smokers had the highest risk. Additional focused programs are required to prevent women of childbearing age from initiating tobacco use and empower women to stop tobacco use during the preconception and gestational periods.

The relationship between maternal and umbilical cord adropin levels with the presence and severity of preeclampsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Dincgez Cakmak ◽  
Betul Dundar ◽  
Abdullah Serdar Acikgoz ◽  
Gulten Ozgen ◽  
Tayfur Cift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAim:To investigate both maternal and umbilical cord adropin levels in patients with preeclampsia and the possible relations with its severity and perinatal outcomes.Materials and methods:In this study, a total of 38 preeclamptic and 40 age-matched healthy pregnant women between January and June 2016 were included. Serum and cord adropin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:The maternal and umbilical cord adropin levels were significantly lower in the preeclamptic group compared to controls [71.19±22.21 vs. 100.76±27.02 ng/L and 92.39 (59.77:129.89) vs. 106.20 (74.42:208.02) ng/L, P<0.001, respectively]. While maternal adropin levels were significantly lower in the severe preeclampsia group as compared to the mild preeclamptic group [66.45 (21.49:98.02) vs. 76.17 (58.06:109.58), P=0.007], umbilical cord adropin levels did not differ between each group [91.32 (59.77:113.34) vs. 92.87 (63.12:129.89), P=0.750]. Maternal adropin level was negatively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressures (r=−0.60, P<0.001 and r=−0.58, P<0.001, respectively) and positively correlated with platelet count (r=0.27, P=0.016). Moreover, umbilical cord adropin levels were weakly correlated with gestational age at delivery (r=0.28, P=0.012) and birth weight (r=0.28, P=0.014).Conclusion:The present study is the first to demonstrate a significant association between maternal and umbilical adropin levels and the presence and severity of preeclampsia. Adropin might be a useful parameter for predicting the presence and severity of preeclampsia.

HPV Prevalence and its Association with Perinatal Outcomes among Singleton Mothers: Analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) Data, 2004-2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpriya Kaur ◽  
Delf Schmidt-Grimminger ◽  
Baojiang Chen ◽  
K.M. Monirul Islam ◽  
Steven W. Remmenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pregnancy Risk

Background: Pregnancy may increase the risk of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection because of pregnancy induced immune suppression. The objective of this study was to use a large population-based dataset to estimate the prevalence of HPV infection and its association with adverse outcomes among pregnant women. Methods: We analyzed Pregnancy Risk Monitoring System data from 2004-2011 (N=26,085) to estimate the self-reported HPV infection. Survey logistic procedures were used to examine the relationship between HPV infection and adverse perinatal outcomes. Results: Approximately 1.4% of women were estimated to have HPV infection during their pregnancy. The prevalence of adverse outcomes in this sample was preterm birth (8.4%), preeclampsia (7.5%), low birth weight (6.3%) and premature rupture of membranes (2.8%). Compared to women without HPV infection, HPV infection positive women were much more likely to have had other infections such as chlamydia (9.23% vs. 2.12%, p-value <.0001), Group B Strep (21.7% vs. 10.04%, p-value <.0001), and herpes (7.17% vs. 1.07%, p-value <.0001). After adjusting for other risk factors including other infections, HPV infection was significantly associated with low birth weight (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.14-3.30). Conclusion: The study indicated a potential association between HPV infection and low birth weight. Because pregnant women with HPV infection are at higher risk of other infections, future research may focus on the roles of co-infection in the development of adverse perinatal effects.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Haji Makassar

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Hatijar Hatijar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

Low birth weight babies are babies born with a weight less than 2500 grams. LBW (low birth weight) affects the high mortality rate in infants and is at risk of experiencing obstacles in growth and development. LBW is generally caused due to lack of nutrition and nutritional needs from mother to fetus while pregnant women aged less than 20 years and more than 35 years have the risk of giving birth to LBW. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors that cause LBW based on maternal age and nutritional status. The research method used was observational with a cross sectional study approach. The sampling technique was random sampling at the Regional Haji Makassar General Hospital in the January to July 2015 period with a total sample of 65 people. Analysis using the Chi Square Test. The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal age, nutritional status of LBW with a value (p value = 0.00 <α = 0.05). Maternal age and nutritional status are factors that influence low birth weight where the results of the study indicate that there is a relationship between maternal age and nutritional status on the incidence of low birth weight. To reduce the incidence of low birth weight, it is necessary to increase counseling about the causes of low birth weight babies by health workers, especially midwives to pregnant women to prevent the risk of low birth weight birth.

scholarly journals Perinatal Outcomes of Babies Born with Fresh or Frozen-Thawed Testicular Sperm in Patients with Azoospermia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet AK ◽  
Nur Dokuzeylul Gungor
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Testicular Sperm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

Aim: To compare the perinatal outcomes of pregnancies obtained with fresh or frozen-thawed sperm in patients who underwent surgical sperm extraction for the diagnosis of azoospermia. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, data were collected on couples who conceived following Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection using surgically retrieved fresh or frozen-thawed sperm. Participants were divided into two equal groups as follows. Group 1 (n = 100) consisted of patients who underwent ICSI and subsequent embryo transfer using fresh testicular sperm and Group 2 (n = 100) consisted of patients who underwent ICSI by using frozen-thawed testicular sperm. Perinatal outcome was compared according to the use of fresh or frozen-thawed sperm. Primary outcome measures included clinical pregancy, miscarriage, live birth, congenital abnormality, birthweight, gestational age at delivery, stillbirth and neonatal death. Results: Live birth and clinical pregnancy rates were found to be significantly higher in patients who underwent ICSI/ET with frozen-thawed testicular sperm compared to fresh sperm group. The miscarriage rates were significantly lower in the frozen-thawed sperm group compared to the fresh testicular sperm group. Clinical pregnancy was detected in 18 cases, while no pregnancy was detected in 82 cases undergoing ICSI with fresh sperm. In the group where ICSI/ET was applied with frozen sperm, clinical pregnancy was detected in 51 cases, whereas pregnancy was not detected in 49 cases. In the frozen sperm group, in addition to C/S and multiple pregnancy rates, the number of babies with a birth weight below 2500 g was significantly higher than in the fresh sperm group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of minor and major congenital anomalies, birth weight, gestational age at delivery, stillbirth and neonatal death. Conclusion: Using fresh or frozen testicular sperm does not have a significant effect on perintal outcome in patients with azoospermia.

Results of vitamin and mineral complexes’ use during pregnancy (literature review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
I. V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Intrauterine Abnormalities ◽  
Citation System

The purpose of this review was to study the effect of the intake of vitamin and mineral complexes (VMC) by pregnant women on obstetric and perinatal outcomes. To carry out the analysis, a search was carried out in foreign and domestic publications in the international citation system PubMed, published over the past 15 years. The results of the analysis showed that the use of VMC within 3 months before conception and during pregnancy reduces the risks of intrauterine abnormalities and improves the prognosis of postnatal development of offspring. In addition, taking VMC during gestation reduces the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnant women, preeclampsia, macrosomia, low birth weight, premature birth and postpartum hemorrhage. The use of multicomponent VMC has advantages over taking only folic acid and iron. Conclusion. Taking an VMC during pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. The use of complex drugs is especially important at the stage of preconception and early pregnancy, but it is advisable to continue until the end of pregnancy and lactation.

scholarly journals Perinatal Biochemical Confirmation of Smoking Status by Trimester

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Ashford ◽  
Amanda Wiggins ◽  
Emily Rayens ◽  
Sara Assef ◽  
Amanda Fallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Prenatal Smoking ◽  
Urine Cotinine ◽  
Biochemical Validation ◽  
Misclassification Rates

Abstract Introduction: Tobacco use during pregnancy is the most modifiable risk factor associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. Self-reported tobacco use has been demonstrated to have high misclassification rates. The aims were to examine misclassification rates of perinatal tobacco use during each trimester of pregnancy and 8 weeks postpartum, and to evaluate characteristics associated with misclassification of tobacco use status. Methods: This is secondary analysis of a prospective, multicenter trial of pregnant women, and it includes participants who were biochemically identified as tobacco users during their first trimester (N = 103). Each trimester and once postpartum, tobacco use was assessed via self-report and validated using a cutoff of 100 ng/mL for urine cotinine via NicAlert test strips to indicate current use. Those who self-reported as nonusers but were identified as users via urine cotinine were considered misclassified; misclassification rates were determined for each time period. Logistic regression assessed maternal factors associated with misclassification status. Results: Misclassification rates declined from 35.0% at first trimester to 31.9% and 26.6% at the second and third; the postpartum rate was 30.4%. These rates did not differ significantly from each other at the 0.05 level. Race/ethnicity was associated with misclassification status; white/non-Hispanic women were 87% less likely to be misclassified (p &lt; .001). Conclusion: Misclassification of prenatal smoking status decreases as pregnancy progresses, though the observed rate change was not significant. Minority women may be at particular risk for non-disclosure of tobacco use. Biochemical validation should be considered when assessing perinatal tobacco use via self-report, given high misclassification rates throughout the perinatal period. Implications: These results demonstrate that regardless of trimester, more than one-quarter of tobacco-using pregnant women may not disclose tobacco use throughout pregnancy and early postpartum. Although the rate of misclassification decreased from first to third trimester and then increased in the immediate postpartum, these changes in misclassification rates were not significant. Minority groups may be at particular risk of misclassification compared with white/non-Hispanic women. Biochemical validation is warranted throughout pregnancy to encourage cessation as tobacco use is one of the most easily-modified risk factors for poor birth outcomes.

scholarly journals Prospective study of perinatal outcome in pregnancies with primary antiphospholipid syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 742-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Cetkovic ◽  
Biljana Kastratovic ◽  
Ivana Novakovic
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Neonatal Complications ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

Background/Aim. Pregnancies complicated with antiphospholipd syndrome are associated with the increased perinatal mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess perinatal outcome in pregnancies with primary antiphospholipd syndrome. Methods. This prospective study evaluated perinatal outcome in 25 pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome. After establishing vital pregnancy all the patients were treated with low-molecularweight heparin and aspirin. The perinatal outcome was measured by rates of miscarriages, preterm deliveries, live births and neonatal complications. Results. Of the 25 pregnancies, 20 (80%) resulted in live birth, 3 (12%) in spontaneous abortion and 2 (8%) were stillbirths. The mean gestational age at delivery was 37.2 ? 1.0 weeks, mean neonatal birth weight was 2,930.4 ? 428.0 g. Prematurity occurs in 4 (20%) live births, and there were 4 (20%) intrauterine growth restriction with mean birth weight 2,060 ? 210.6 g. Neonatal complications were present in 6 (30%) newborns. Adverse perinatal outcome was significantly associated with anticardiolipin IgG antibodies (p < 0.01) and development of hypertension during pregnancy (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Despite a high incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with primary antiphospholipid syndrome, early treatment with aspirin and low-molecular-weight heparin, combined with meticulous fetomaternal monitoring could be associated with a relatively high probability of favorable perinatal outcome.

scholarly journals A comparison of obstetrics and perinatal outcomes of teenagers and older women: Experiences from rural South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monjurul Hoque ◽  
Shahnaz Hoque
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Chi Square

Background: Teenage pregnancy is a known risk factor for a negative pregnancy outcome and poses a health risk to teenagers; it is thus considered a public health problem. It is also an indicator of problems with the sexual and reproductive health of a country’s young population. In South Africa, most of the adolescent pregnancies are to be found within the context of unstable relationships with the father of the baby and are unplanned or unwanted.Objectives: This study estimates and compares the incidence of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes of teenage women with older women, to identify specific health needs of teenage mothers during pregnancy and delivery.Methods:A retrospective cohort study targeted pregnant women who delivered at Empangeni Hospital from April to December 2005, whilst comparing the obstetric and perinatal outcomes of all teenage (ages < 19 years) pregnant women with those of older pregnant women (ages ≥ 19 years) for this study period. Data were collected from the labour ward delivery registry. Pearson’s chi-square test was performed to measure the level of significance (alpha = 0.05) for association amongst variables. The student t-test was used to find the significance difference between two proportions and the binary logistic regression method was employed to find the significant predictor for outcome variables.Results:There were 7836 deliveries over the study period, of which 1236 (16%) were teenage mothers.The rate of gestational age at delivery (e.g. pre-term delivery of 12%), vaginal and forceps deliveries,foetal presentation at birth, multiple pregnancies, low birth-weight and live births deliveries and mean Apgar scores were similar for both groups. The caesarean delivery rate (20%) and macerated stillbirth rate (1.1%) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) for teenagers than for older women.Conclusion: Although there was a higher rate of teenage pregnancy, it did not appear that it was associated with extra perinatal negative outcome such as preterm delivery, low birth-weight delivery and stillbirth. However, strategies are urgently needed to delay conception and improve the socio-economic development of teenage girls.

scholarly journals Results of Pregnancy Control before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison of Two Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8182
Author(s):  
Javier Llorca ◽  
Carolina Lechosa-Muñiz ◽  
Pelayo Frank de Zulueta ◽  
Sonia López-Gómez ◽  
Victoria Orallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Behaviour

The COVID-19 pandemic placed pregnant women at high risk, but behavioural changes have also led to lower rates of preterm births in high-income countries. The main goal of this article is to study the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnancy control and outcomes; this is a joint analysis of two cohorts. The pre-pandemic cohort includes 969 pregnant women recruited in 2018. The pandemic cohort comprises 1168 pregnant women recruited in 2020. Information on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, reproductive history, characteristics of the current pregnancy and its outcome were obtained from medical records. Birth by Caesarean section was more frequent in the pre-pandemic cohort (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55–0.92). A birth weight lower than 2500 g and higher than 4000 g occurred more frequently in the pre-pandemic cohort (adjusted OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.41–0.93 for lower than 2500 g and adjusted OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.20–0.46 for higher than 4000 g). Exclusive breastfeeding upon hospital discharge was more frequent in the pandemic cohort than in the pre-pandemic cohort (60% vs. 54%, p = 0.005), with adjusted OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.86 for mixed breastfeeding and infant formula. In conclusion, we report reductions in Caesarean sections and reduced numbers of low birth weight babies during the pandemic in a hospital located in northern Spain. Further analysis will clarify if these reductions are related to changes in health-related behaviour or healthcare operation.

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