scholarly journals Association of Night-Time Screen-Viewing with Adolescents’ Diet, Sleep, Weight Status, and Adiposity

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 954
Author(s):  
Chelsea L. Kracht ◽  
J. Gracie Wilburn ◽  
Stephanie T. Broyles ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Amanda E. Staiano
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Screen Viewing ◽  
Food Recalls

Night-time screen-viewing (SV) contributes to inadequate sleep and poor diet, and subsequently excess weight. Adolescents may use many devices at night, which can provide additional night-time SV. Purpose: To identify night-time SV patterns, and describe differences in diet, sleep, weight status, and adiposity between patterns in a cross-sectional and longitudinal manner. Methods: Adolescents (10–16 y) reported devices they viewed at night and completed food recalls. Accelerometry, anthropometrics, and imaging were conducted to measure sleep, weight status, and adiposity, respectively. Latent class analysis was performed to identify night-time SV clusters. Linear regression analysis was used to examine associations between clusters with diet, sleep, weight status, and adiposity. Results: Amongst 273 adolescents (12.5 ± 1.9 y, 54% female, 59% White), four clusters were identified: no SV (36%), primarily cellphone (32%), TV and portable devices (TV+PDs, 17%), and multiple PDs (17%). Most differences in sleep and adiposity were attenuated after adjustment for covariates. The TV+PDs cluster had a higher waist circumference than the no SV cluster in cross-sectional analysis. In longitudinal analysis, the primarily cellphone cluster had less change in waist circumference compared to the no SV cluster. Conclusions: Directing efforts towards reducing night-time SV, especially TV and PDs, may promote healthy development.

scholarly journals The Associations between Screen Time and Sleep Duration, and Body Mass Index (BMI) in under Five-Year-Old Children

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Sourtiji ◽  
Mehdi Rassafiani ◽  
Seyed Ali Hosseini ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
Mehdi Noroozi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Screen Viewing

Today, due to recent developments in technology, children devote plenty of time for screen viewing. However, its harmful effects are not yet clear. The purpose of present study was to examine the associations among screen viewing and sleep duration, and body mass index (BMI) in under-five years old children. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 322 under-five healthy children that were selected using multistage stratified cluster sampling method in 2017. The data that were gathered by time-use diary method were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Spearman correlation tests, multiple linear regression analysis, one-way ANCOVA, two-way ANCOVA. There was a negative correlation between screen time and sleep duration (rs = -0.42, p = 0.00), positive correlation between screen time and BMI (rs = 0.38, p = 0.00) and sleep duration negatively correlated with BMI (rs = -0.22, p = 0.00). screen viewing was a predictive factor for both sleep duration (β = -0.26, p = 0.00) and BMI (β = -0.26, p = 0.00). screen viewing had a significant impact on sleep duration (4, 314) = 5.02, P = 0.001) and BMI (F (4, 314) = 1.16, P=0.298). Results of this study indicated that screen viewing is related to sleep duration and BMI in under-five children. furthermore, screen time has an impact on sleep duration and BMI scores of children. findings of our study suggest that sleep duration negatively is associated with BMI in under-five-year-old children.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study: Predicting Health Risks Among Female University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 316-322
Author(s):  
Qassim I. Muaidi ◽  
Mohammad Ahsan
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist Height Ratio

Background: Good health is very important in our lives and plays a significant role. Many health risks are associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. These risks are responsible for raising the risk of chronic heart diseases and other health complications. Females are not exempted from these issues. Objective: To identify the obesity-associated health risks of female students by using selected anthropometric measurements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including 300 females aged 20.82 ± 5.23 years from the college of applied medical sciences, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University. The anthropometric measurements (body mass index, percentage of body fat, visceral fat area, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio,and waist-height ratio) were taken with the help of an auto-calibrated bioelectric impedance device. The waist-height ratio was determined by dividing waist circumference with height. Cross tabulation was done to scrutinize the participant’s levels at risk and high risk. Linear regression analysis was done to see the relationship and prediction between selected anthropometric measurements. Results: The finding showed that BMI level was high in 55% of participants, Waist-height ratio over the average level was 46.67% and 21% of participants had a visceral fat area on risk. Linear regression analysis showed a strong association among body mass index, percentage of body fat, visceral fat area, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio,and waist-height ratio and statistically significant to each other at the 0.01 level. Conclusion: The selected anthropometric measurements can be used to identify health-related risks. Though, when any anthropometric measurement dichotomized as standard or high, BMI is the best measure to predict health risk.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Body Mass Index and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents in a Country of the African Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanica Lyngdoh ◽  
Bharathi Viswanathan ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden ◽  
Gary J. Myers ◽  
Pascal Bovet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

We assessed the association between several cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) (blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and glucose) in 390 young adults aged 19-20 years in Seychelles (Indian Ocean, Africa) and body mass index (BMI) measured either at the same time (cross-sectional analysis) or at the age of 12–15 years (longitudinal analysis). BMI tracked markedly between age of 12–15 and age of 19-20. BMI was strongly associated with all considered CRFs in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, with some exceptions. Comparing overweight participants with those having a BMI below the age-specific median, the odds ratios for high blood pressure were 5.4/4.7 (male/female) cross-sectionally and 2.5/3.9 longitudinally (P<0.05). Significant associations were also found for most other CRFs, with some exceptions. In linear regression analysis including both BMI at age of 12–15 and BMI at age of 19-20, only BMI at age of 19-20 remained significantly associated with most CRFs. We conclude that CRFs are predicted strongly by either current or past BMI levels in adolescents and young adults in this population. The observation that only current BMI remained associated with CRFs when including past and current levels together suggests that weight control at a later age may be effective in reducing CRFs in overweight children irrespective of past weight status.

scholarly journals Associations between Parent–Child Nature Visits and Sleep, Physical Activity and Weight Status among Finnish 3–6-Year-Olds

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12426
Author(s):  
Juuli-Mari Kokkonen ◽  
Henna Vepsäläinen ◽  
Anna Abdollahi ◽  
Hanna Paasio ◽  
Samuli Ranta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children’S Sleep ◽  
Parent Child

Nature visits and nature exposure have been shown to be favorably associated with children’s health and development, but the research regarding their associations with Children’s lifestyle habits is limited. The current study aimed to investigate the associations between the frequency of parent–child nature visits and sleep, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and weight status among three- to six-year-old Finnish preschoolers. Parents and their children (n = 864) participated in a cross-sectional DAGIS (increased health and wellbeing in preschools) study, which was conducted between 2015 and 2016 in Finland. In total, 798 parents answered a questionnaire on the frequency of parent–child nature visits, which also included questions on sociodemographic factors and their Children’s sleep habits. Parents also reported Children’s bedtimes and wake-up times and children wore an accelerometer for seven days. Trained researchers measured Children’s weight and height. Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted. More frequent parent–child nature visits were associated with Children’s longer sleep duration at night, higher amounts of MVPA outside preschool time and, among girls, good sleep consistency. The frequency of parent–child nature visits was not significantly associated with whether children were overweight or obese or not. Promoting parent–child nature visits could be a cost-effective way to increase young Children’s MVPA and enhance night-time sleep.

scholarly journals Association of dietary patterns with BMI and waist circumference in a low-income neighbourhood in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 908-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Barbosa Cunha ◽  
Renan Moritz Varnier Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Rosely Sichieri ◽  
Rosangela Alves Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Cross Sectional

Traditional analysis of food intake usually fails to show an association between energy and nutrient intake and indicators of obesity. The analysis of food patterns can contribute to the understanding of the association between eating habits and anthropometric indicators. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out on a low-income neighbourhood in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, and 1009 subjects between 20 and 65 years of age completed an FFQ. Dietary patterns were identified by means of factor analysis, and their associations with BMI and waist circumference (WC) were ascertained by applying a linear regression analysis. Three main dietary patterns were identified: a mixed pattern, which included cereals, fish and shrimp, vegetables, roots, fruits, eggs, meat and caffeinated beverages; a Western pattern, which consisted of ‘fast foods’, soft drinks, juices, cakes, cookies, milk and dairy, sweets and snacks; a traditional pattern, which included rice, beans, bread, sugar, fats and salad dressings. After adjusting for age and energy intake, we found that the traditional dietary pattern was inversely associated with BMI (β = − 1·14, P < 0·001) and WC (β = − 14·9, P = 0·002) among females. Additionally, a positive association between the Western pattern and WC (β = 12·8, P = 0·02) was observed for females. A diet based on rice and beans may have a protective role against weight gain in women.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Arterial Stiffness and Cardiovascular Risk Scores Predicted by 2 Different Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-227
Author(s):  
Ting-jun Wang ◽  
Xiao-qi Cai ◽  
Ling-yu Zhang ◽  
Yi-hua Shen ◽  
Qun-fang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Receiver Operation Characteristic ◽  
Ascvd Risk

Abstract Background To investigate the relationship between arterial stiffness and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk predicted by models of pooled cohort equations (PCEs) or ASCVD risk in China (China-PAR). Methods A cross-sectional clinical study was carried out, in which clinical data were collected from 1,090 subjects aged 30–75 years who were admitted to a university affiliated hospital from 2016 to 2018. Arterial stiffness was examined by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). All subjects were divided into 2 groups: normal arterial stiffness (cfPWV &lt;10 m/second) and elevated arterial stiffness (cfPWV ≥10 m/second). Ten-year ASCVD risk was predicted by either PCE or China-PAR. Results ASCVD risks predicted by 2 models in the elevated arterial stiffness group were higher than those in the normal arterial stiffness group [PCE: 16.5% (8.6%–28.3%) vs. 6.3% (2.7%–12.3%); China-PAR: 8.8% (6.1%–12.4%) vs. 3.9% (2.1%–6.6%), both P &lt; 0.001]. The correlation coefficient between cfPWV and ASCVD risk predicted by China-PAR was greater than that by PCE (0.573 vs. 0.503, z = 5.272, P &lt; 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that 10-year ASCVD risk predicted by PCE model (β = 0.475, P &lt; 0.001) and waist circumference (β = 0.092, P = 0.001) correlated with cfPWV. However, when PCE was replaced by China-PAR, only ASCVD risk (β = 0.573, P &lt; 0.001), not waist circumference, was associated with arterial stiffness. Receiver operation characteristic curve showed that the discrimination of 10-year ASCVD risk predicted by China-PAR for arterial stiffness was better than PCE (area under curve 0.814 vs. 0.767, z = 4.992, P &lt; 0.001). A stratification analysis revealed that the better discrimination by China-PAR mainly came from males. Conclusions Ten-year ASCVD risks predicted by either China-PAR or PCE are associated with arterial stiffness. The association is stronger when the risk is predicted by China-PAR, especially in males.

The Triglycerides and Glucose Index is Negatively Associated with Insulin Secretion in Young Adults with Normal Weight

2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Luis E. Simental-Mendía ◽  
Rita Gómez-Díaz ◽  
Niels H. Wacher ◽  
Fernando Guerrero-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Tyg Index

AbstractSeveral studies have supported the usefulness of the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index as a surrogate measure of insulin resistance; however, it has not been evaluated in insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the TyG index and insulin secretion in young adults with normal weight. Apparently healthy non-pregnant women and men, aged 18 to 23 years, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Overweight, obesity, pregnancy, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, liver disease, renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and neoplasia were the exclusion criteria. Normal weight was defined by a body mass index (BMI)≥18.5<25.0 kg/m2 and the TyG index was calculated as the Ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dl) x fasting glucose (mg/dl)]/2. A total of 1676 young adults with normal-weight, 1141 (68%) women, and 535 (32%) men were enrolled. Of them, 269 (16%) individuals exhibited insulin resistance; 213 (12.7%) women and 56 (3.3%) men. The linear regression analysis adjusted by gender, BMI, and waist circumference showed a significant association between the TyG index and HOMA-B (B=−35.90; 95% CI:−68.25 to−3.54, p=0.03) in the overall population. An additional analysis adjusted by BMI and waist circumference revealed that the TyG index is significantly associated with HOMA-B in subjects with and without insulin resistance (B=−104.73; 95% CI:−204.28 to−5.18, p=0.03 and B=−74.72; 95% CI:−108.04 to−41.40, p<0.001). The results of this study showed that the TyG index is negatively associated with insulin secretion in young adults with normal weight.

scholarly journals Investigating associations between the built environment and physical activity among older people in 20 UK towns

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Hawkesworth ◽  
Richard J Silverwood ◽  
Ben Armstrong ◽  
Triantafyllos Pliakas ◽  
Kiran Nanchalal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Older People ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Environmental

BackgroundPolicy initiatives such as WHO Age Friendly Cities recognise the importance of the urban environment for improving health of older people, who have both low physical activity (PA) levels and greater dependence on local neighbourhoods. Previous research in this age group is limited and rarely uses objective measures of either PA or the environment.MethodsWe investigated the association between objectively measured PA (Actigraph GT3x accelerometers) and multiple dimensions of the built environment, using a cross-sectional multilevel linear regression analysis. Exposures were captured by a novel foot-based audit tool that recorded fine-detail neighbourhood features relevant to PA in older adults, and routine data.Results795 men and 638 women aged 69–92 years from two national cohorts, covering 20 British towns, were included in the analysis. Median time in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was 27.9 (lower quartile: 13.8, upper quartile: 50.4) minutes per day. There was little evidence of associations between any of the physical environmental domains (eg, road and path quality defined by latent class analysis; number of bus stops; area aesthetics; density of shops and services; amount of green space) and MVPA. However, analysis of area-level income deprivation suggests that the social environment may be associated with PA in this age group.ConclusionsAlthough small effect sizes cannot be discounted, this study suggests that older individuals are less affected by their local physical environment and more by social environmental factors, reflecting both the functional heterogeneity of this age group and the varying nature of their activity spaces.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Arterial Stiffness and Cardiovascular Risk Scores Predicted by 2 Different Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-300
Author(s):  
Ting-jun Wang ◽  
Xiao-qi Cai ◽  
Ling-yu Zhang ◽  
Yi-hua Shen ◽  
Qun-fang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Receiver Operation Characteristic ◽  
Ascvd Risk

Abstract Background To investigate the relationship between arterial stiffness and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk predicted by models of pooled cohort equations (PCEs) or ASCVD risk in China (China-PAR). Methods A cross-sectional clinical study was carried out, in which clinical data were collected from 1,090 subjects aged 30–75 years who were admitted to a university affiliated hospital from 2016 to 2018. Arterial stiffness was examined by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). All subjects were divided into 2 groups: normal arterial stiffness (cfPWV &lt;10 m/second) and elevated arterial stiffness (cfPWV ≥10 m/second). Ten-year ASCVD risk was predicted by either PCE or China-PAR. Results ASCVD risks predicted by 2 models in the elevated arterial stiffness group were higher than those in the normal arterial stiffness group [PCE: 16.5% (8.6%–28.3%) vs. 6.3% (2.7%–12.3%); China-PAR: 8.8% (6.1%–12.4%) vs. 3.9% (2.1%–6.6%), both P &lt; 0.001]. The correlation coefficient between cfPWV and ASCVD risk predicted by China-PAR was greater than that by PCE (0.573 vs. 0.503, z = 5.272, P &lt; 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that 10-year ASCVD risk predicted by PCE model (β = 0.475, P &lt; 0.001) and waist circumference (β = 0.092, P = 0.001) correlated with cfPWV. However, when PCE was replaced by China-PAR, only ASCVD risk (β = 0.573, P &lt; 0.001), not waist circumference, was associated with arterial stiffness. Receiver operation characteristic curve showed that the discrimination of 10-year ASCVD risk predicted by China-PAR for arterial stiffness was better than PCE (area under curve 0.814 vs. 0.767, z = 4.992, P &lt; 0.001). A stratification analysis revealed that the better discrimination by China-PAR mainly came from males. Conclusions Ten-year ASCVD risks predicted by either China-PAR or PCE are associated with arterial stiffness. The association is stronger when the risk is predicted by China-PAR, especially in males.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY AMONG ADULT AT THE KAMPUNG KOLAM, EAST COAST MALAYSIAN PENINSULA-A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
San San Oo ◽  
U. S. Mahadeva Rao ◽  
Thant Zin
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Metabolic Complication

Objective: This study assesses the prevalence of obesity and its associated factors among adults aged 18 y and above at the Kampaung kolam, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.Methods: This cross-sectional survey comprised of a semi-structured face to face interview questionnaire and collected anthropometric measurements and sex specific waist circumference in cm. The study population was 70 in total with 21 (30%) males and 49 (70%) females aged 18 y and above were selected by universal sampling. Body mass index (BMI) was used for weight status and sex specific waist circumference (WC) in cm was used for assessment of abdominal or central obesity at risk of metabolic complications associated with obesity.Results: Among men, the prevalence of underweight was 9.5%, normal weight 57.1%, overweight 14.3% and obesity 19.1%, while among women, the prevalence of underweight was 12.2%, normal weight 53.1%, overweight 14.3% and obesity 20.4%. Overall, 18 (25.7%) was obese and 52 (74.3%) was non-obese while sex specific WC in cm 19 (27.1%) was abdominal obese who were at risk of metabolic complication associated with obesity and 51 (72.9%) was not at risk. In chi-square association tests revealed that among respondents, currently married, unemployed and having family history with obesity were associated with generalized obesity while respondents who were currently married and having fast food frequently were associated with abdominal obesity and respondents who being currently married, unemployed and having fast food frequently were more likely to obese in generalized as well as abdominally.Conclusion: There was no association between generalized, abdominal and generalized and abdominal obesity with age, gender, education, flat floor structure, dietary patterns and habits, physical activities, sleep pattern and knowledge and attitude level towards obesity but those factors can be utilized in effective health promotion programmers of weight management strategies by targeting those factors in design for prevention of hypertension, diabetes and related cardio vascular diseases CVD.

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