scholarly journals Increased Placental Cell Senescence and Oxidative Stress in Women with Pre-Eclampsia and Normotensive Post-Term Pregnancies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7295
Author(s):  
Paula J. Scaife ◽  
Amy Simpson ◽  
Lesia O. Kurlak ◽  
Louise V. Briggs ◽  
David S. Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Cell Senescence ◽  
Antioxidant Defences ◽  
Placental Cell ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 4 ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Protein

Up to 11% of pregnancies extend to post-term with adverse obstetric events linked to pregnancies over 42 weeks. Oxidative stress and senescence (cells stop growing and dividing by irreversibly arresting their cell cycle and gradually ageing) can result in diminished cell function. There are no detailed studies of placental cell senescence markers across a range of gestational ages, although increased levels have been linked to pre-eclampsia before full term. This study aimed to determine placental senescence and oxidative markers across a range of gestational ages in women with uncomplicated pregnancies and those with a diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. Placentae were obtained from 37 women with uncomplicated pregnancies of 37–42 weeks and from 13 cases of pre-eclampsia of 31+2–41+2 weeks. The expression of markers of senescence, oxidative stress, and antioxidant defence (tumour suppressor protein p16INK4a, kinase inhibitor p21, interleukin-6 (IL-6), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), glutathione peroxidases 1, 3, and 4 (GPx1, GPx3, and GPx4), placental growth factor (PlGF), and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1)) genes was measured (quantitative real-time PCR). Protein abundance of p16INK4a, IL-6, NOX4, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG), and PlGF was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Placental NOX4 protein was higher in post-term than term deliveries and further increased by pre-eclampsia (p < 0.05 for all). P21 expression was higher in post-term placentae (p = 0.012) and in pre-eclampsia (p = 0.04), compared to term. Placental P16INK4a protein expression was increased post-term, compared to term (p = 0.01). In normotensive women, gestational age at delivery was negatively associated with GPx4 and PlGF (mRNA and protein) (p < 0.05 for all), whereas a positive correlation was seen with placental P21, NOX4, and P16INK4a (p < 0.05 for all) expression. Markers of placental oxidative stress and senescence appear to increase as gestational age increases, with antioxidant defences diminishing concomitantly. These observations increase our understanding of placental health and may contribute to assessment of the optimal gestational age for delivery.

scholarly journals CD40/CD40L contributes to hypercholesterolemia-induced microvascular inflammation

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (3) ◽  
pp. H689-H697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Y. Stokes ◽  
LeShanna Calahan ◽  
Candiss M. Hamric ◽  
Janice M. Russell ◽  
D. Neil Granger
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Scid Mice ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function

Hypercholesterolemia is associated with phenotypic changes in endothelial cell function that lead to a proinflammatory and prothrombogenic state in different segments of the microvasculature. CD40 ligand (CD40L) and its receptor CD40 are ubiquitously expressed and mediate inflammatory responses and platelet activation. The objective of this study was to determine whether CD40/CD40L, in particular T-cell CD40L, contributes to microvascular dysfunction induced by hypercholesterolemia. Intravital microscopy was used to quantify blood cell adhesion in cremasteric postcapillary venules, endothelium-dependent vasodilation responses in arterioles, and microvascular oxidative stress in wild-type (WT) C57BL/6, CD40-deficient (−/−), CD40L−/−, or severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice placed on a normal (ND) or high-cholesterol (HC) diet for 2 wk. WT-HC mice exhibited an exaggerated leukocyte and platelet recruitment in venules and impaired vasodilation responses in arterioles compared with ND counterparts. A deficiency of CD40, CD40L, or lymphocytes attenuated these responses to HC. The HC phenotype was rescued in CD40L−/− and SCID mice by a transfer of WT T cells. Bone marrow chimeras revealed roles for both vascular- and blood cell-derived CD40 and CD40L in the HC-induced vascular responses. Hypercholesterolemia induced an oxidative stress in both arterioles and venules of WT mice, which was abrogated by either CD40 or CD40L deficiency. The transfer of WT T cells into CD40L−/− mice restored the oxidative stress. These results implicate CD40/CD40L interactions between circulating cells and the vascular wall in both the arteriolar and venular dysfunction elicited by hypercholesterolemia and identify T-cell-associated CD40L as a key mediator of these responses.

Treatment of hyperglycaemia in newly diagnosed diabetic patients is associated with a reduction in oxidative stress and improvement inβ-cell function

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 590-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhankar D. Acharya ◽  
Amol J. Pande ◽  
Suyog M. Joshi ◽  
Chittaranjan S. Yajnik ◽  
Saroj S. Ghaskadbi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed

scholarly journals Use of Thiols in the Treatment of COVID-19: Current Evidence

Lung ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Cazzola ◽  
Paola Rogliani ◽  
Sundeep Santosh Salvi ◽  
Josuel Ora ◽  
Maria Gabriella Matera
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Antioxidant Defences ◽  
Antioxidant Molecule ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

AbstractThere is a possible role for oxidative stress, a state characterized by an altered balance between the production of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defences, in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the genesis of which is quite complex. Excessive oxidative stress could be responsible for the alveolar damage, thrombosis, and red blood cell dysregulation observed in COVID-19. Apparently, deficiency of glutathione (GSH), a low-molecular-weight thiol that is the most important non-enzymatic antioxidant molecule and has the potential to keep the cytokine storm in check, is a plausible explanation for the severe manifestations and death in COVID-19 patients. Thiol drugs, which are considered mucolytic, also possess potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. They exhibit antibacterial activity against a variety of medically important bacteria and may be an effective strategy against influenza virus infection. The importance of oxidative stress during COVID-19 and the various pharmacological characteristics of thiol-based drugs suggest a possible role of thiols in the treatment of COVID-19. Oral and intravenous GSH, as well as GSH precursors such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), or drugs containing the thiol moiety (erdosteine) may represent a novel therapeutic approach to block NF-kB and address the cytokine storm syndrome and respiratory distress observed in COVID-19 pneumonia patients

scholarly journals QSYQ Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Induced Heart Remodeling Rats through Different Subtypes of NADPH-Oxidase

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Chun Li ◽  
Yuli Ouyang ◽  
Tianjiao Shi ◽  
Xiaomin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 4

We aim to investigate the therapeutic effects of QSYQ, a drug of heart failure (HF) in clinical practice in China, on a rat heart failure (HF) model. 3 groups were divided: HF model group (LAD ligation), QSYQ group (LAD ligation and treated with QSYQ), and sham-operated group. After 4 weeks, rats were sacrificed for cardiac injury measurements. Rats with HF showed obvious histological changes including necrosis and inflammation foci, elevated ventricular remodeling markers levels(matrix metalloproteinases-2, MMP-2), deregulated ejection fraction (EF) value, increased formation of oxidative stress (Malondialdehyde, MDA), and up-regulated levels of apoptotic cells (caspase-3, p53 and tunnel) in myocardial tissue. Treatment of QSYQ improved cardiac remodeling through counter-acting those events. The improvement of QSYQ was accompanied with a restoration of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) pathways in different patterns. Administration of QSYQ could attenuate LAD-induced HF, and AngII-NOX2-ROS-MMPs pathway seemed to be the critical potential targets for QSYQ to reduce the remodeling. Moreover, NOX4 was another key targets to inhibit the p53 and Caspase3, thus to reduce the hypertrophy and apoptosis, and eventually provide a synergetic cardiac protective effect.

Matrine Protects PC12 Cells Against Aβ25–35-Induced Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Neuronal Apoptosis and Cell Senescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1691-1697
Author(s):  
Huanli Zhang ◽  
Zhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Neuronal Apoptosis ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Cell Senescence ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
Amyloid A

Background and Objectives: Beta-amyloid (Aβ) has pivotal functions in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The main purpose of this study is to explore the protective role and possible mechanisms of matrine against Aβ25–35-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Materials and Methods: A vitro model that involved Aβ25–35-induced neuronal damage in PC12 cells was adopted in the present study. Cell viability and apoptosis of PC12 cells were determined by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. Intracellular ROS levels were determined by DCFH-DA probe and levels of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β were assessed by ELISA assay. In addition, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) levels were determined by ELISA assay and telomere lengths were examined by real-time quantitative PCR analysis to assess telomerase activities. Furthermore, vital proteins related to cell apoptosis and hallmarks of senescence were detected by western blot analysis. Results: Matrine (10, 20, 50 μg/ml) dose-dependently protected cell viability against Aβ25–35 cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Meanwhile, matrine at 10, 20, 50 μg/ml markedly reduced ROS production and downregulated the levels of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β in Aβ25–35-injuried PC12 cells. The results also proved that matrine may restore telomerase activities and telomere lengths in Aβ25–35-injuried PC12 cells by inhibiting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Neuronal apoptosis induced by Aβ25–35 were reversed upon cotreatment with matrine. Moreover, matrine markedly mitigated Aβ25–35 induced cell senescence in a concentration-dependentmanner. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that matrine protected PC12 cells against Aβ25–35-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, neuronal apoptosis and cell senescence.

Short-term high-fat feeding exacerbates degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa by promoting retinal oxidative stress and inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (43) ◽  
pp. e2100566118
Author(s):  
Oksana Kutsyr ◽  
Agustina Noailles ◽  
Natalia Martínez-Gil ◽  
Lucía Maestre-Carballa ◽  
Manuel Martinez-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Inflammatory State

A high-fat diet (HFD) can induce hyperglycemia and metabolic syndromes that, in turn, can trigger visual impairment. To evaluate the acute effects of HFD feeding on retinal degeneration, we assessed retinal function and morphology, inflammatory state, oxidative stress, and gut microbiome in dystrophic retinal degeneration 10 (rd10) mice, a model of retinitis pigmentosa, fed an HFD for 2 to 3 wk. Short-term HFD feeding impaired retinal responsiveness and visual acuity and enhanced photoreceptor degeneration, microglial cell activation, and Müller cell gliosis. HFD consumption also triggered the expression of inflammatory and oxidative markers in rd10 retinas. Finally, an HFD caused gut microbiome dysbiosis, increasing the abundance of potentially proinflammatory bacteria. Thus, HFD feeding drives the pathological processes of retinal degeneration by promoting oxidative stress and activating inflammatory-related pathways. Our findings suggest that consumption of an HFD could accelerate the progression of the disease in patients with retinal degenerative disorders.

scholarly journals Evidence of oxidative stress-induced and gestational age-dependent senescence in pathological and post-mature human placentas

Placenta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
Tereza Cindrova-Davies ◽  
Carolyn P. Jones ◽  
Norah ME. Fogarty ◽  
John Kingdom ◽  
Graham J. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Age Dependent
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