scholarly journals Potential of Vasoprotectives to Inhibit Non-Enzymatic Protein Glycation, and Reactive Carbonyl and Oxygen Species Uptake

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 10026
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bednarska ◽  
Izabela Fecka
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Reactive Carbonyl Species ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reactive Carbonyl

Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) such as methylglyoxal (MGO) or glyoxal (GO) are the main precursors of the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are a major factor in the development of vascular complications in diabetes. Vasoprotectives (VPs) exhibit a wide range of activities beneficial to cardiovascular health. The present study aimed to investigate selected VPs and their structural analogs for their ability to trap MGO/GO, inhibit AGE formation, and evaluate their antioxidant potential. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UHPLC-ESI-MS) and diode-array detector (UHPLC-DAD) was used to investigate direct trapping capacity and kinetics of quenching MGO/GO, respectively. Fluorimetric and colorimetric measurements were used to evaluate antiglycation and antioxidant action. All tested substances showed antiglycative effects, but hesperetin was the most effective in RCS scavenging. We demonstrated that rutin, diosmetin, hesperidin, and hesperetin could trap both MGO and GO by forming adducts, whose structures we proposed. MGO-derived AGE formation was inhibited the most by hesperetin, and GO-derived AGEs by diosmetin. High reducing and antiradical activity was confirmed for quercetin, rutin, hesperetin, and calcium dobesilate. Therefore, in addition to other therapeutic applications, some VPs could be potential candidates as antiglycative agents to prevent AGE-related complications of diabetes.

Profiling and Quantification of the Key Phytochemicals from the Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleifera) and Dietary Supplements by UHPLC-PDA-MS

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer I. Fantoukh ◽  
Yan-Hong Wang ◽  
Abidah Parveen ◽  
Mohammed F. Hawwal ◽  
Gadah A. Al-Hamoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Drumstick Tree

Abstract Moringa oleifera is known as a drumstick tree and is cultivated in the subtropics and tropics. It exhibits antihypertensive and antidiabetic effects. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the determination of 9 phytochemicals in M. oleifera leaves and marketed products. The efficient separation was achieved within 7 min with a temperature of 45 °C by using a C-18 column as the stationary phase and water/acetonitrile with 0.05% formic acid as the mobile phase. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, limits of detection, and limits of quantification. The limits of detections of phenolic compounds 1 – 9 were as low as 0.2 µg/mL. The photodiode array detector at 220 and 255 nm wavelengths was recruited for quantification. The key phytochemicals were detected in the range of 0.42 to 2.57 mg/100 mg sample weight in 13 dietary supplements. This study considers the quantitative analysis for lignans in M. oleifera for the first time. Isoquercitrin (5) and quercetin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl)-β−D-glucopyranoside (6) predominates the leaves of M. oleifera with inherent degradable nature detected for compound 6. Niazirin (2) was detected in amounts between 0.010 – 0.049 mg/100 mg while compound 1 was undetectable and potentially an artifact because of the fractionation process. The characterization and confirmation of components were achieved by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry with extractive ion monitoring for the positive and negative ion modes. The developed and validated method is robust and rapid in the conclusive quantification of phytochemicals and authentication of the Moringa samples for quality assurance.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Extraction Optimization and Analysis of Flavonoids from the Flowers of Tabernaemontana heyneana by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Diode Array Detector and Electron Spray Ionization/Mass Spectrometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiyagarajan Sathishkumar ◽  
Ramakrishnan Baskar ◽  
Mohan Aravind ◽  
Suryanarayanan Tilak ◽  
Sri Deepthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Diode Array Detector

Flavonoids are exploited as antioxidants, antimicrobial, antithrombogenic, antiviral, and antihypercholesterolemic agents. Normally, conventional extraction techniques like soxhlet or shake flask methods provide low yield of flavonoids with structural loss, and thereby, these techniques may be considered as inefficient. In this regard, an attempt was made to optimize the flavonoid extraction using orthogonal design of experiment and subsequent structural elucidation by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electron spray ionization/mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) techniques. The shake flask method of flavonoid extraction was observed to provide a yield of 1.2±0.13 (mg/g tissue). With the two different solvents, namely, ethanol and ethyl acetate, tried for the extraction optimization of flavonoid, ethanol (80.1 mg/g tissue) has been proved better than ethyl acetate (20.5 mg/g tissue). The optimal conditions of the extraction of flavonoid were found to be 85°C, 3 hours with a material ratio of 1 : 20, 75% ethanol, and 1 cycle of extraction. About seven different phenolics like robinin, quercetin, rutin, sinapoyl-hexoside, dicaffeic acid, and two unknown compounds were identified for the first time in the flowers of T. heyneana. The study has also concluded that L16 orthogonal design of experiment is an effective method for the extraction of flavonoid than the shake flask method.

scholarly journals Analysis of Polyphenolic Composition of a Herbal Medicinal Product—Peppermint Tincture

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bodalska ◽  
Adam Kowalczyk ◽  
Maciej Włodarczyk ◽  
Izabela Fecka
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
European Pharmacopoeia ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Essential Parameter ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

The pharmacological activity of peppermint leaf (Menthae piperitae folium) for medical use is mainly attributed to the presence of essential oil, which, according to the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.), should constitute not less than 12 mL/kg of raw material. The content of polyphenols in peppermint-based preparations, except peppermint leaf dry extract, has not yet been considered as an essential parameter in the pharmacopeial assessment of peppermint quality. This study concerns the evaluation of the presence of representatives of polyphenolic compounds in 23 commercial peppermint tinctures (ethanolic extracts) purchased in pharmacies in Poland. The non-volatile polyphenolic fraction was investigated, and the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids was quantified. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) and an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (U(H)PLC-ESI-MS) were used in the experiment. The study showed that eriocitrin, luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, and rosmarinic acid were the main polyphenolic components of the peppermint tinctures, as previously reported for peppermint leaf. Despite this, the research shows the extremely diverse content of the mentioned compounds in analyzed commercial medicinal products. In light of these results, it seems that the pharmacopeial assessment for the peppermint leaf (Ph. Eur.) and peppermint tincture (Polish Pharmacopoeia (FP)) requires correction and supplementation.

scholarly journals Comparison of Flavonoid Profiles in Sprouts of Radiation Breeding Wheat Lines (Triticum aestivum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1489
Author(s):  
Ah-Reum Han ◽  
Min Jeong Hong ◽  
Bomi Nam ◽  
Bo-Ram Kim ◽  
Hyeon Hwa Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Wheat Sprout ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Wheat Mutant

Wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.; Poaceae), one of the most popular food crops worldwide, contains basic and essential nutrients and various health benefiting phytochemicals. Among them, flavonoids have attracted significant interest owing to their various health-promoting properties. In this study, 35 wheat mutant lines were developed via gamma-irradiated mutation breeding from the original cultivar. The effects of radiation breeding on the endogenous phytochemical production in the sprouts of these mutant lines were investigated using high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESIMS) with multivariate analysis for the first time in this study. Fourteen characteristic peaks, including eleven flavone C-glycosides, two flavone O-glycosides, and one flavone, were identified. In addition, the contents of three flavone C-glycosides, namely, isoschaftoside, isoorientin, and isoscoparin, in 37 wheat sprout samples from the original cultivar, certificated cultivar, and the mutant lines were determined. A heat map combined with hierarchical clustering showed variation in the relative content for the flavonoids between the 37 wheat sprout samples, clustering into three groups. On principal component analysis scores scatter and loading plots, significant differences in the levels of flavonoids were found between the samples and several markers responsible for group separation were detected. These results provide a scientific reference for the phytochemical variation in wheat mutant lines, thereby aiding in further mutation mechanism studies and for the quality control of the improved wheat cultivars.

Comparison of different anion-exchange chromatography resins for the purification of cyanobacterial microcystins

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theerasak Somdee ◽  
Anchana Somdee
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wide Range

For the first time, different types of diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) anion-exchange resins, widely used in previous studies, were investigated to determine the most effective resin for the purification of microcystins (MCs). MCs were extracted from freeze-dried Microcystis aeruginosa cells that had been harvested from the Bueng Nong Khot reservoir, Khon Kaen, Thailand. The toxins were precipitated with ammonium sulfate and then fractionated using five different anion-exchange chromatography resins, followed by chromatography with a C18 cartridge. The toxins were further identified via liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis, and the yields and purity were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection. DEAE Sephadex A-25 exhibited the best overall performance for MC purification regarding both yield and purity, followed by DEAE cellulose, DEAE Sephacel, DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Toyopearl DEAE. Four MC variants, MC-RR, MC-FR, [Dha7]MC-LR and MC-WR, were obtained, and [Dha7]MC-LR was the major variant, with a total yield of 53.08 mg and a purity of 95% using the Sephadex resin. This study indicates that protein precipitation and single-column chromatography using DEAE Sephadex A-25 constitute an effective method for the purification of a wide range of MC variants.

Characterization of phenolic compounds from inner bark of Betula pendula

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaana Liimatainen ◽  
Maarit Karonen ◽  
Jari Sinkkonen ◽  
Marjo Helander ◽  
Juha-Pekka Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Inner Bark ◽  
First Time

Abstract A method has been developed for the characterization of biologically active silver birch (Betula pendula) inner bark phenolics based on high-performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector (HPLC-DAD)/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). It was demonstrated that the inner bark contains high amounts of flavonoids, arylbutanoids, diarylheptanoids, simple phenolic compounds, phenolic acids, lignans, and procyanidins. Altogether, 30 individual compounds were characterized based on their ultraviolet (UV) and MS data. Structures of 22 compounds were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In addition to previously reported phenolic compounds, 12 compounds were identified in silver birch inner bark for the first time; two of them are novel compounds: 3-β-glucopyranosyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one and 1,7-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-heptanol 3-O-β-ap-iofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-glucopyranoside.

scholarly journals Reactive Carbonyl SpeciesIn Vivo: Generation and Dual Biological Effects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halyna M. Semchyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Reactive Carbonyl Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Direct Toxicity ◽  
Reactive Carbonyl

Reactive carbonyls are widespread species in living organisms and mainly known for their damaging effects. The most abundant reactive carbonyl species (RCS) are derived from oxidation of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Chemical modification of proteins, nucleic acids, and aminophospholipids by RCS results in cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. In addition to their direct toxicity, modification of biomolecules by RCS gives rise to a multitude of adducts and cross links that are increasingly implicated in aging and pathology of a wide range of human diseases. Understanding of the relationship between metabolism of RCS and the development of pathological disorders and diseases may help to develop effective approaches to prevent a number of disorders and diseases. On the other hand, constant persistence of RCS in cells suggests that they perform some useful role in living organisms. The most beneficial effects of RCS are their establishment as regulators of cell signal transduction and gene expression. Since RCS can modulate different biological processes, new tools are required to decipher the precise mechanisms underlying dual effects of RCS.

scholarly journals Fingerprint Analysis of Ginkgo biloba Leaves and Related Health Foods by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1798-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajia Song ◽  
Guozhen Fang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Qiliang Deng ◽  
Shuo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Fingerprint Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract A fingerprint analysis method was developed for Ginkgo biloba leaves and was successfully used for quality evaluation of related health foods by HPLC with electrospray ionization MS. Fifteen samples of G. biloba leaves, which were collected from 15 different locations in China, were analyzed and identified in this study. By both peak analysis and similarity analysis of the fingerprint chromatograms, variation of constituents was easily observed in the leaves from different sources. By comparison with batches of authentic leaves, the authenticity, and quality consistency of related health foods in different matrixes were effectively estimated. It is important to mention that studying a wide range of authentic leaves from various habitats made the quality evaluation of commercial products more convincing and reasonable. The fingerprint-based strategy of the developed method should provide improved QC of G. biloba leaves and products.

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