scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Pavements Manufactured with Glass Waste: Physical and Mechanical Characterization and Its Applicability in Soil Stabilization

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3727
Author(s):  
M. Isabel Más-López ◽  
Eva M. García del Toro ◽  
Alfredo Luizaga Patiño ◽  
L. Jaime Marco García
Keyword(s):  
Glass Powder ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Cement Type ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Structural Capacity

The use of glass waste, which by its nature cannot be recycled, might be a viable alternative in the manufacture of cements and concrete that is also economical and environmentally friendly. This alternative can reduce landfill areas with this inert residue but also limit the use of raw materials employed in the manufacture of cement and concrete and, consequently, contribute to minimize the environmental impact generated by this activity. In this research, the feasibility of using a limestone-type material treated with a binder manufactured with micronized glass powder and basic reagents, in the preparation of a gravel–cement- or soil–cement-type material, was analyzed. For this purpose, the strength, compactability, structural capacity, resistance to the action of water, stiffness and durability of the material obtained were characterized. From the tests that were carried out and the results obtained, it can be concluded that the use of glass powder, with a particle size of 16 μm, is ideal for the production of a gravel–cement- or soil–cement-type material. This material could be used as an environmentally-friendly pavement, especially suitable for peri-urban roads and park roads, where it can be used without coating, or as a base layer or sub-base for road surfaces, with little cracking due to shrinkage.

scholarly journals Use of Waste Glass as A Replacement for Raw Materials in Mortars with a Lower Environmental Impact

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Letelier ◽  
Bastián I. Henríquez-Jara ◽  
Miguel Manosalva ◽  
Camila Parodi ◽  
José Marcos Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Glass Powder ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Powder Size ◽  
Glass Waste

Glass waste used in mortars or concretes behaves similar to cement, with resulting environmental benefits. In this light, the behavior of glass powder of various particle sizes has been analyzed as a cement replacement in mortars, in an attempt to minimize the loss of strength and durability, and maximize the amount of materials replaced. The dry density, water accessible porosity, water absorption by immersion, capillary absorption coefficient, ultrasonic pulse velocity and both compressive and flexural strengths were studied in the mortars. Furthermore, a statistical analysis of the obtained results and a greenhouse gases assessment were also performed. In view of the results obtained, glass powder of 38 microns allows up to 30% of the cement to be replaced, due to the filler effect combined with its pozzolanic activity. Moreover, it has been observed that glass powder size is one of the factors with the greatest influence among the properties of porosity, absorption and capillarity. On the other hand, in the mechanical properties, this factor does not contribute significantly more than the amount of glass powder. Finally, the greenhouse gasses analysis shows that the incorporation of glass powder reduces the CO2 emissions associated with mortar up to 29.47%.

A Study of the Chemical and Physical Characteristics of the Soils from the South of Piauí for Soil-Cement Brick Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Pereira de Araújo ◽  
Edson Cavalcanti Silva Filho ◽  
João Sammy Nery de Souza ◽  
Josy Anteveli Osajima ◽  
Marcelo Barbosa Furtini
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
The South ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Made In

Soil-cement bricks are good examples of environmentally friendly products. This brick is the combination of soil with compacted cement with no combustion in its production. In this work the physical chemical characteristics of the soil from Piaui for producing this material were investigated. Samples of the soil were collected in three potteries from the county of Bom Jesus and pH analysis were carried out, as well as the rate of organic matter, texture, particle density, limits of liquidity and plasticity rates. The results have shown that the soils have acid tones (pH 5,49 a 6,11), which can be neutralized by adding cement, and organic matter percentages up to 1%. The samples have shown predominantly clay-rich textures with adequate plasticity limits, however, values of liquidity limits and particle density above recommended. Altogether, these soils tend to present viability concerning soil-cement brick production, provided that corrections with additives are made in order to minimize this effect.

New sustainable mortars for stone restoration in the context of climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Diaz-Basteris
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Salt Crystallization ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
James Bond ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Environmental Agents

<p>Restoration mortars are a designated group of products made to repair damaged masonry. They must be compatible with the former support of stones and bricks, and protect original materials from environmental agents; aesthetical and historic aspects must not be neglected. </p><p>To improve the ecological footprint of the restoration mortars while keeping their efficiency, we have tested several combinations of lime with aggregates and additives. Recycled and natural materials were used as additives such as pinecone resin, semi-milled cones of pine, milled glass waste, brick production residue.</p><p>For research purposes different physical properties have been measured in prepared mortars: porosity, density, capillarity absorption, moisture absorption, water vapour permeability. We have also tested the mechanical properties and the P and S waves velocities (from which dynamic Young's modulus and Poisson’s ratio were inferred). The durability of mortars has been estimated by salt crystallization and frost/thaw cycles.</p><p>The life cycle analysis (LCA) of such mortars allows us to understand the carbon footprint of each manufacturing process. Considering this we selected the raw materials, from an environmental and commercial point of view, to produce mortars fulfilling sustainability requirements. As a result, the developed mortars are compatible with aged stones, minimize environmental impact, and use minimum natural resources.</p><p> Twenty mortar formulations with three different types of limes (NHL5, NHL3.5, CL90) and two different aggregates (siliceous and calcareous) have been studied using the LCA. Currently, five new formulations are being selected to be tested on Euville limestone. Adhesive strength (James Bond test), and physical properties will be measured on these mortars. </p>

Innovative Materials for Sustainable Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 1023 ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Berenice Zúñiga-Torres ◽  
Ramiro Correa-Jaramillo ◽  
Francisco Hernández-Olivares ◽  
Francisco Fernandez-Martinez ◽  
Alonso Zúñiga-Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Griffith Criterion ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Simple Compression ◽  
Husk Rice ◽  
And Control

The construction industry has focused on trying to minimize and control the environmental impacts caused within the process of production and manufacture of fired bricks, for this reason the present research proposes five different alternative mixtures for the elaboration of ecological bricks, four of these based on soil-cement and one obtained through a geopolymerization process, using raw materials from the amazon region and the southern highlands of Ecuador, such as soil from the Centza mine (MC), sand from the Quiringue mine (MQ), organic correctors of husk rice (RH ), peanut shell (PS), natural gypsum (G) from the Malacatos sector and fired brick residues from the same sector. The raw materials were characterized (analysis: physicochemical and mineralogical); the soil-cement-based combinations used different percentages of substitution of organic correctors and gypsum, the optimum percentage of water and cement was determined through the compaction test and resistance to simple compression respectively, the samples were cured and tested at ages of 7, 14 and 28 days. In the geopolymerization process, an alkaline solution NaOH was used in different concentrations of molarity and solution contents, the specimens were cured at temperatures of 90 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, 180 °C and 200 °C. The different combinations were subjected to indirect traction with the purpose to determine the optimal mixture and subsequent estimation of the compressive strength of bricks applying the Griffith criterion, the results were validated by the finite element method, obtaining strengths of 4 MPa in the combination soil-cement sand (SC_Ar1), in soil-cement rice husk (SC_RH2) and soil-cement peanut shell (SC_PS2) mixtures its resistance is 3 MPa, while in the soil-cement gypsum (SC_G4) mixture the resistance is 6.90 MPa and finally the resistance in geopolymeric mixture (GBW) is 13.75 MPa; In this way, the optimal combinations comply and increase the resistance to simple compression of bricks by 35% the SC_Ar1 mixture, 130% in the SC_G mixture with respect to the spanish standard and 129% the GBW mixture with respect to the ecuadorian standard.

Monitoring of Chemical Resistance of New Grouting Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Petr Figala ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka ◽  
Vit Černý ◽  
Radek Hermann ◽  
Jiří Kolísko
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Sulphate Solution ◽  
Sulphate Attack ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand ◽  
Grouting Materials

This paper deals with the study of chemical resistance of new cement-based grout for invert grouting. The aim of this work is to verify new mixtures with specific admixtures. The study monitors resistance to external sulphate attack. Specimens were placed into sulphate solution 29.8 g∙l-1 (44 g∙l-1 Na2SO4) according to DIN19753 standard. Based on the results gained, new mixtures will be designed and optimized by addition of suitable secondary raw materials (fly ash, waste foundry sand, waste glass, waste filers).

scholarly journals Alkali activated materials based on glass waste and slag for thermal and acoustic insulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (335) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stoleriu ◽  
I. N. Vlasceanu ◽  
C. Dima ◽  
A. I. Badanoiu ◽  
G. Voicu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Waste Glass Powder ◽  
Alkali Activated

Porous alkali activated materials (AAM), can be obtained from waste glass powder and slag mixtures by alkali activation with NaOH solution. To obtain an adequate porous microstructure, the hardened AAM pastes were thermally treated at temperatures ranging between 900°C and 1000°C, for 60 or 30 minutes. Due to the intumescent behaviour specific for this type of materials, an important increase of the volume and porosity occurs during the thermal treatment. The partial substitution of waste glass powder with slag, determines the increase of compressive strength assessed before (up to 37 MPa) and after (around 10 MPa) thermal treatment; the increase of slag dosage also determines the increase of the activation temperature of the intumescent process (above 950°C). The high porosity and the specific microstructure (closed pores with various shapes and sizes) of these materials recommend them to be utilised as thermal and acoustical insulation materials.

scholarly journals Kuat Tekan Beton Mutu Tinggi dengan Memanfaatkan Fly Ash dan Bubuk Kaca Sebagai Bahan Pengisi

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Siska Apriwelni ◽  
Nugraha Bintang Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

(ID) Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh kuat tekan beton mutu tinggi dengan memanfaatkan limbah fly ash dan limbah kaca. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton pada masing-masing variasi, mengetahui persentase campuran beton untuk menghasilkan kuat tekan maksimum, dan mengetahui apakah fly ash dan serbuk kaca efektif digunakan secara bersamaan sebagai bahan campuran beton. Komposisi fly ash terdiri dari 5 variasi yaitu persentase 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Sedangkan untuk komposisi serbuk kaca terdiri dari 2 variasi yaitu persentase 5% dan 10%. Jumlah benda uji 30 buah silinder berukuran diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm dengan 3 benda uji untuk setiap variasi. Perencanaan campuran beton menggunakan SNI 03-2834-2000 yang dimodifikasi. Pengujian kuat tekan diuji pada umur beton 28 hari. Beton dengan fly ash 0% dan serbuk kaca 10% memiliki kuat tekan paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan beton dengan tambahan fly ash, yaitu 46,77%. Selain itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin bertambahnya jumlah persentase serbuk kaca yang digunakan menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan beton semakin bertambah juga. Penambahan fly ash pada campuran beton mempengaruhi kuat tekan beton yang dihasilkan. Pada variasi fly ash 0% memiliki kuat tekan tertinggi baik pada saat campuran serbuk kaca 5%dan 10%. Variasi fly ash 15% adalah kondisi optimum campuran beton dengan kuat tekan beton yaitu 43,31 Mpa. Kedua limbah ini dapat dikombinasikan dan dimanfaatkan dengan baik dan digunakan dalam pembuatan beton mutu tinggi. (EN) This study discusses the effect of high quality concrete by utilizing fly ash and glass waste. The purpose of this study is to determine the compressive strength of concrete in each variation, to determine the contribution of concrete to produce compressive strength, and to find out that fly ash and glass powder are effectively used in full as a concrete admixture. Fly ash composition consists of 5 variations, namely the percentage of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. While for the composition of glass powder consists of 2 variations, namely the percentage of 5% and 10%. The number of specimens is 30 cylinders with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 30 cm with 3 specimens for each variation. Concrete mixture planning using SNI 03-2834-2000 was developed. Compressive strength testing on concrete age 28 days. Concrete with 0% fly ash and 10% glass powder have the highest compressive strength compared to concrete with additional fly ash, which is 46.77%. In addition, it can increase the amount of glass powder addition that is used to show the concrete compressive strength is increasing as well. The addition of fly ash in the concrete mixture has an effect on the compressive strength of the concrete produced. In the variation of 0% fly ash has the highest compressive strength when the glass powder mixture of 5% and 10%. The 15% fly ash variation is the optimal concrete mixture with compressive strength of 43.31 MPa. These two wastes can be combined and utilized properly and are used in making high quality concrete.  

scholarly journals Potensi Minyak Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Bahan Baku Busa Pemadam Kebakaran Lahan Gambut di Indonesia: Suatu Tijauan Pustaka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwo Subekti
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fire Extinguisher ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials ◽  
Peat Fires

This researchs aims to to find out about the potential of palm oil as a raw material of foam firefighting peat fires in Indonesia.By using the method of literature approach to previous researchers, can be in the know that the vegetable raw materials with thepotential to be developed in Indonesia as a raw material of foam extinguishing peat fires is palm oil. In addition to theavailability of environmentally friendly palm oil is also guaranteed and sustained since 2015, Indonesia produced palm oil andits derivatives amounted to 32.5 million tons, to meet the domestic demand of 18.77% while exports amounted to 81.23%..Utilization of palm oil as a raw material foam fire extinguisher is one form of support to the Indonesian government in order toincrease the downstream and value-added palm oil products as well as reduce the level of risk of peat fires

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