scholarly journals Comparison of Mechanical and End-Use Properties of Grey and Dyed Cellulose and Cellulose/Protein Woven Fabrics

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2860
Author(s):  
Eglė Kumpikaitė ◽  
Sandra Varnaitė-Žuravliova ◽  
Indrė Tautkutė-Stankuvienė ◽  
Ginta Laureckienė
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Breaking Force ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Area Density ◽  
Mechanical Breaking ◽  
End Use

The behaviour of textile products made from different fibres during finishing has been investigated by many scientists, but these investigations have usually been performed with cotton or synthetic yarns and fabrics. However, the properties of raw materials such as linen and hemp (other cellulose fibres) and linen/silk (cellulose/protein fibres) have rarely been investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the mechanical (breaking force and elongation at break) and end-use (colour fastness to artificial light, area density, and abrasion resistance) properties of cellulose and cellulose/protein woven fabrics. For all fabrics, ΔE was smaller than three, which is generally imperceptible to the human eye. Flax demonstrated the best dyeability, and hemp demonstrated the poorest dyeability, comparing all the tested fabrics. The colour properties of fabrics were greatly influenced by the washing procedure, and even different fabric components of different weaves lost their colours in different ways. Flax fibres were more crystalline than hemp, and those fibres were more amorphous, which decreased the crystallinity index of flax in flax/silk blended fabric. Unwashed flax fabric was more resistant to artificial light than flax/silk or hemp fabrics. Finishing had a great influence on the abrasion resistance of fabrics. The yarn fibre composition and the finishing process for fabrics both influenced the mechanical (breaking force and elongation at break) and end-use (area density and abrasion resistance) properties of grey and finished fabrics woven from yarns made of different fibres.

scholarly journals Influencing factors analysis of tensile properties of wool yarns with different proportions of polyamide blend

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (04) ◽  
pp. 277-280
Author(s):  
IOAN PAVEL OANA ◽  
OANA DORINA ◽  
TRIPA SIMONA
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Breaking Force ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Mechanical Breaking ◽  
Breaking Work

This paper presents a comparative analysis of three batches of wool yarns with different fineness, twists and compositions and the way in which these characteristics influence the tensile properties of the yarns. We performed the tensile strength tests and the values for the following tensile characteristics were determined: breaking force, elongation at break, tenacity and the mechanical breaking work and were made the diagrams. Stroke for strength and elongation at break – the diagrams give us an idea on the distribution of weak sections along the yarn tested. In order to make this analysis we used the machine USTER® TENSOJET 4. The main conclusions drawn from this analysis are following: the breaking force of the yarns is mainly determined by the value of length density and only after that by the percentage of polyamide and the twisting value, elongation at break is primarily influenced by the percentage of polyamide from the yarns composition and only then by the yarns twisting degree, the toughest yarns are the ones with the smallest fineness, the mechanical work created when stretching the yarns depends mainly by the percentage of polyamide from the yarns composition, by the yarns fineness and only then by their twisting.

scholarly journals Interrelation Between Tensile Properties of Yarns and Woven Fabrics with These Yarns

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-393
Author(s):  
Eglė Kumpikaitė ◽  
Indrė Tautkutė-Stankuvienė ◽  
Dovilė Redeckienė
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Breaking Force ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Natural Silk ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The main parameters of tensile tests for fabrics and yarns are the breaking force and the elongation at break. The aim of this investigation was to find the relation between the tensile properties of yarns and woven fabrics for different natural raw materials. Manmade bamboo, natural single flax, blended plied flax and natural silk yarns, plied combed cotton yarns, blended plied cotton, and polyester yarns were used for the research. The warp of almost all fabrics, except of one fabric, was from flax. This fabric was woven using blended flax and silk yarns in the warp. Weft yarns were more various – yarns of one kind were used in the weft for certain fabrics; yarns of two kinds were used in 1:1 repeats in other fabrics. It was established that the breaking force for both woven fabrics and yarns increases when the elongation at break increases. The relationships between the tensile parameters of yarns and woven fabrics were established. The results showed weak dependence between the tensile parameters of yarns and fabrics because the coefficients of determination of the dependences are small.

scholarly journals Thermal, Morphological and Physic-Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber - CaCO3 Composites Using Jatropha Oil as Softener.

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 05016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasruddin ◽  
Tri Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Natural Rubber Composites

The urgency of green technology in rubber compounding has become a critical issue recently. In this research, the effect of using renewable resources in rubber compounding has been studied. Commercial Calcium Carbonate, Silica and Jatropha Oil were used in natural rubber composite. The research was designed by varying the types of commercial filler namely CaCO3 (47-51) phr, silica (47-51) phr and Jatropha Oil (4-6) phr in natural rubber composites (SIR-20). The formulas were intentionally designed for rubber tips vulcanizates. The samples were characterized by the determination of physic-mechanical, thermal (TGA) and morphological (SEM) properties. From the measured results, there is no significant effect on the tensile strength, specific gravity, and hardness on the loading of commercial CaCO3 and Silica in natural rubber composites using Jatropha Oil. However, a slight difference in elongation at break and abrasion resistance could be detected. Compared to the commercial rubber tips, the rubber tips produced in this research have higher tensile strength, elongation at break and abrasion resistance. Due to the usage of commercial CaCO3 and Silica, the SEM micrographs show rough surface because of the agglomeration. The thermogram shows clearly the compositional analysis of the rubber tips vulcanizates consist of Jatropha Oil and natural rubber, CaCO3, ash and other filler residues such as Silica.

Improved abrasion resistance of textile fabrics due to polymer coatings

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-583
Author(s):  
Martin Wortmann ◽  
Natalie Frese ◽  
Lubos Hes ◽  
Armin Gölzhäuser ◽  
Elmar Moritzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
Technical Textiles

Textile fabrics are often subject to abrasion, starting from exposed parts of garments to a variety of technical textiles. Abrasion protection by usual coatings, however, can significantly decrease the water vapor transport through a fabric which is often not desired, especially in the case of garments. In our paper, we report on an approach to combine increased abrasion resistance with sufficient water vapor transport properties. For this, different polymers (poly(methyl methacrylate), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, or amorphous polyamides) were coated on cotton and polyester woven fabrics. The results of abrasion tests against sandpaper show significantly increased abrasion resistance. The absolute evaporation resistance, measured by a Permetest testing device, was only slightly increased up to values still acceptable for typical garments. Images of all coatings by helium ion microscopy deliver an explanation for the measuring results. Polymer coatings on the polyester fabric resulted in a slight reduction of the hydrophobicity, while coating the cotton fabric severely increased the contact angles of the originally superhydrophilic material.

Damage evaluation of quartz woven fabrics during needle punching process

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372091298
Author(s):  
Peijian Du ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Junbo Xie ◽  
Qingtao Lv ◽  
Xiaoming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Property ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Damage Evaluation ◽  
Breaking Force ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Punching Process ◽  
Straight Fiber

This paper reports an experimental study on the damage evaluation of quartz woven fabrics during needle punching process under different needle punching densities. The straight fiber bundles begin appearing in Z direction at 50 punches · cm−2 and the “U-shaped” fiber bundles begin being observed at 210 punches · cm−2. The retention ratio of mean breaking force (RRMF) of the needle-punched quarts woven fabrics in warp direction decreases from 100% to 49.4% with an increase in needle punching density from 0 to 10 punches · cm−2, and that in weft direction decreases from 100% to 50.21% with the same increments in needle punching density, but the RRMF in warp direction decreases from 49.4% to 0.35% when the needle punching density increases from 10 to 245 punches  ·  cm−2 and that in weft direction decreases from 50.21% to 0.19% with the same increments in needle punching density; obviously, the initial needle punching density increments (0 to 10 punches  ·  cm−2) seem to have weakened tensile property more significantly compared with needle punching density increments from 10 to 245 punches · cm−2. The retention ratios in warp and weft directions are 0.61% and 0.34%, respectively, at 210 punches · cm−2, which are roughly equal with those at 245 punches · cm−2. Therefore, it could be concluded that the tensile property has reached the minimized at 245 punches · cm−2. In addition, there is an obvious paired similarity existing in the macro damage morphologies, the load–displacement curve trend at the adjacent needle punching density from 70 to 245 punches · cm−2 in 35 punches · cm−2 increments, also such similarity exists when the needle punching density is at 10 to 60 punches · cm−2.

Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Mechanical Properties of Rabbit Hair Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 1230-1234
Author(s):  
Qian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Breaking Force ◽  
Breaking Elongation ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Hair Fiber ◽  
Fiber Processing

In this paper, it tests the mechanical properties of rabbit hair fibers in different temperatures and humidity. Contrast and analysis by experiment showed the temperature exerts a great influence on the tensile strain, breaking elongation, breaking force and breaking strength. In wetting condition, the tensile strain and breaking elongation increase, but the breaking force and breaking strength decrease. The rabbit hair fiber processing with too much water will make the structure easier to break and destroy.

Multiaxis three-dimensional weaving for composites: A review

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Bilisik
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Layer Sequence ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
End Use ◽  
3D Woven Fabrics ◽  
3D Weaving

The aim of this study is to review three-dimensional (3D) fabrics and a critical review is especially provided on the development of multiaxis 3D woven preform structures and techniques. 3D preforms are classified based on various parameters depending on the fiber sets, fiber orientation and interlacements, and micro–meso unit cells and macro geometry. Biaxial and triaxial two-dimensional (2D) fabrics have been widely used as structural composite parts in various technical areas. However, they suffer delamination between their layers due to the lack of fibers. 3D woven fabrics have multiple layers and no delamination due to the presence of Z-fibers. However, the 3D woven fabrics have low in-plane properties. Multiaxis 3D knitted fabrics have no delamination and their in-plane properties are enhanced due to the ±bias yarn layers. However, they have limitations regarding multiple layering and layer sequences. Multiaxis 3D woven fabrics have multiple layers and no delamination due to Z-fibers and in-plane properties enhanced due to the ±bias yarn layers. Also, the layer sequence can be arranged based on end-use requirements. However, the multiaxis 3D weaving technique is at an early stage of development and needs to be fully automated. This will be a future technological challenge in the area of multiaxis 3D weaving.

Durability and Aesthetic Properties of Kenaf/Cotton Blend Fabrics

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita N. Ramaswamy ◽  
Elizabeth P. Easter
Keyword(s):  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
End Use ◽  
Kenaf Fibers ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Thread Count ◽  
Made In

To evaluate the serviceability of a new textile product made of an unconventional fiber blend, it is important to determine if the fabric meets the specific standards required for the intended end-use. The value-added textile products of interest are fabrics made of 50/50 kenaf/cotton in the filling direction and 100% cotton in the warp direction, made in sateen, plain, twill, and oxford weaves. The control fabrics are of 100% cotton in only the plain and sateen weaves. The fabrics are characterized and compared based on ten of the most common fabric properties that affect their performance in everyday use: thread count, thickness, weight, breaking strength and elongation, dimensional stability, wrinkle recovery, abrasion resistance, tear strength, staining and stain release, and pilling resistance. Breaking strength of the experimental fabrics compares well with the control fabrics. Elongation at break is greater in the warp direction (19–35%) than in the filling direction (11–15%), but this difference is not significant. Wrinkle recovery for both fabrics is the same and improves over time. Shrinkage is identical in both fabrics. There is no significant difference in the stiffness of the two fabrics, possibly due to the carding step where kenaf fibers are carded to resemble cotton fibers. Abrasion and pilling resistance are good to excellent. Tear resistance is lower for the experimental fabrics compared with the controls, but it does pass the requirements for both upholstery and apparel fabrics. Kenaf/cotton blends perform the same or better than 100% cotton in their ability to release water-based stains, but the oil stain rates between 3 and 4, indicating a residual stain. Stain resistance can be improved by applying a soil-resistant finish. This study demonstrates that kenaf/cotton blend fabrics meet or exceed the performance requirements for both apparel ( i.e., outer wear items such as barn jackets, hunting vests, overalls, and caps) and upholstery fabrics. Additional advantages of the blend fabrics may be luster, interesting texture, and lightness.

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