scholarly journals Characterizing Steel Corrosion in Different Alkali-Activated Mortars

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7366
Author(s):  
Nina Gartner ◽  
Miha Hren ◽  
Tadeja Kosec ◽  
Andraž Legat
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Reinforcing Bar ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Steel Bars ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
Eis Measurements ◽  
Alkali Activated

Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) present a promising potential alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The service life of reinforced concrete structures depends greatly on the corrosion resistance of the steel used for reinforcement. Due to the wide range and diverse properties of AAMs, the corrosion processes of steel in these materials is still relatively unknown. Three different alkali-activated mortar mixes, based on fly ash, slag, or metakaolin, were prepared for this research. An ordinary carbon-steel reinforcing bar was installed in each of the mortar mixes. In order to study the corrosion properties of steel in the selected mortars, the specimens were exposed to a saline solution in wet/dry cycles for 17 weeks, and periodic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were performed. The propagation of corrosion damage on the embedded steel bars was followed using X-ray computed microtomography (mXCT). Periodic EIS measurements of the AAMs showed different impedance response in individual AAMs. Moreover, these impedance responses also changed over the time of exposure. Interpretation of the results was based on visual and numerical analysis of the corrosion damages obtained by mXCT, which confirmed corrosion damage of varying type and extent on steel bars embedded in the tested AAMs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Achyranthes aspera Extracts on Mild Steel Corrosion in Industrial Water Medium

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikkur B. Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Kikkeri N. Mohana
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Charge Transfer Resistance ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Achyranthes Aspera ◽  
Eis Measurements

Achyranthes aspera (AA) extracts were studied as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel (MS) in industrial water medium using mass loss and electrochemical techniques. The results of the study revealed that AA extracts inhibit MS corrosion through adsorption process following Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The protection efficiency increased with increase in inhibitor concentration and decreased with temperature. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements showed that the charge transfer resistance increases with increase in the concentration of AA extracts. The polarization curves obtained indicate that AA extracts act as mixed type of inhibitor. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the surface adsorbed film.

Evaluation of corrosion inhibition and adsorption behavior of Thymuszygis subsp. gracilis volatile compounds on mild steel surface in 1 m HCl

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ouknin ◽  
Abderrahmane Romane ◽  
Jean-Pierre Ponthiaux ◽  
Jean Costa ◽  
Lhou Majidi
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Aggressive Medium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Charge Transfer Resistance ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
3D Profilometry ◽  
Eis Measurements

AbstractThe inhibition effect of Thymus zygis subsp. gracilis (TZ) on mild steel corrosion in 1 m hydrochloric acid has been investigated by weight loss measurements, surface analysis [scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), three-dimensional (3D) profilometry, and Fourier transform infrared analysis], potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Gravimetric results indicate that TZ exhibits good inhibition efficiency of 80.40% attained at 3 g/l. Polarization measurements show that the studied inhibitor is a mixed type. EIS measurements revealed that the charge transfer resistance increases with increasing concentration of TZ, which suggests a Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Based on SEM-EDX and 3D profilometry, it appears that the surface is remarkably improved in the presence of TZ oil compared to that exposed to the acid medium without TZ oil. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that this oil is a new natural substance that can be used against material corrosion in aggressive medium.

Evaluation of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles as anti-corrosion pigment in organic coatings for carbon steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.U. Chaudhry ◽  
Vikas Mittal ◽  
M.I. Hashmi ◽  
Brajendra Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Corrosion Layer ◽  
Organic Coatings ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose Inorganic oxide addition can be synergistically beneficial in organic coatings if it can impart anti-corrosion properties and also act as an additive to enhance physical and/or chemical properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-corrosion benefits of nano nickel zinc ferrite (NZF) in the polymer film. Design/methodology/approach The time-dependent anti-corrosion ability of NZF (0.12-1.0 per cent w/w NZF/binder), applied on API 5L X-80 carbon steel, was characterized by electrochemical techniques such as open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic. Characterization of corrosion layer was done by removing coatings after 216 h of immersion in 3.5 per cent w/v NaCl. Optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques were used to characterize the corroded surface. Findings Corrosion measurements confirm the electrochemical activity by metallic cations on the steel surface during corrosion process which results in improvement of anti-corrosion properties of steel. Moreover, surface techniques show compact corrosion layer coatings and presence of different metallic oxide phases for nanocomposite coatings. Originality/value The suggested protection mechanism was explained by the leaching and precipitation of metallic ion on the corroded surface which in turn slowed down the corrosion activity. Furthermore, improvement in barrier properties of rubber-based coatings was confirmed by the enhanced pore resistance. This work indicates that along with a wide range of applications of NZF, anti-corrosion properties can be taken as an addition.

scholarly journals Improving the sustainability of biodiesel by using imidazolium-based ionic liquid

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Deyab ◽  
Q. Mohsen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Fuel Tanks

AbstractCorrosion of biodiesel-filled fuel tanks has become a major problem in the use of biodiesel as a new green energy source. The ionic liquid 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [C10H19N2]+[C2F6NO4S2]− was used to control corrosion of C-steel in non-edible biodiesel to resolve this problem. The anti-corrosion and antioxidant properties of the [C10H19N2]+[C2F6NO4S2]− were characterized using weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, total acid number measurements beside SEM and EDX analysis. The findings show that [C10H19N2]+[C2F6NO4S2]− plays an important role in preventing C-steel corrosion in biodiesel with an efficiency close to 99 percent. The adsorption capability and antioxidant properties of [C10H19N2]+[C2F6NO4S2]− are the major contributors to the ionic liquid's anti-corrosion properties. We anticipate that this work will help to sustainable expand the use of biodiesel as a renewable energy source.

scholarly journals Synthesis and evaluation of corrosion inhibitory and adsorptive properties of N-(β-ethoxypropionitrile-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethylethoxy) fatty amide

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulmira Rakhymbay ◽  
Raigul Jumanova ◽  
Khaisa Avchukir ◽  
Yeldana Bakhytzhan ◽  
Akmaral Argimbayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Property ◽  
Fatty Amide ◽  
Condensation Process ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Eis Measurements ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The present study reports a synthetic condensation process of a vegetable oil (waste) reacted with triethanolamine, maleic anhydride and acrylonitrile in (1 : 1.2 : 2 : 1) mole ratios to obtain N-(β-ethoxypropionitrile)-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethylethoxy) fatty amide as a major inhibitory product. Corrosion property of steel in a 3% NaCl solution in the presence of a potential inhibitor was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. These methods gave consistent results, from which it is noticeable that inhibition efficiency increases with the increasing concentration of the inhibitor. Gravimetric studies show an increase in the sample mass at an inhibitor concentration of 10 mM, indicative of adsorbed film formation on the surface. The polarization curve results showed that the compound demonstrates itself as an anodic-type inhibitor. A rise in polarization resistance values in the EIS measurements also confirmed that the compound acts as an effective inhibitor of steel corrosion. Furthermore, the R(CR)(QR) equivalent circuit was used to interpret the results obtained in the investigation of the corrosion behaviour of steel in solution with an inhibitor. The standard adsorption free energies calculated from the Langmuir isotherm indicate that adsorption takes place by physical and chemical mechanisms. The presence of adsorbed protective film was confirmed by FT-IR spectrum and SEM micrographs.

Electrochemical corrosion study of Pb-free solders

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.Y. Wu ◽  
Y.C. Chan ◽  
M.O. Alam ◽  
W. Jillek
Keyword(s):  
Acid Solution ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Linear Polarization Resistance ◽  
Eis Measurements

This paper presents an investigation on the corrosion behavior of five solders by means of polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The Sn–9Zn and Sn–8Zn–3Bi solder, in comparison with the Sn–3.5Ag–0.5Cu and Sn–3.5Ag–0.5Cu–9In solder, were tested in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution and 0.1 wt% adipic acid solution, respectively. The Sn–37Pb solder was for reference in this work. The polarization curves indicated that the Sn–9Zn and Sn–8Zn–3Bi solder showed the worst corrosion resistance both in the salt and acid solutions, in terms of corrosion-current density, corrosion potential, linear polarization resistance, and passivation-current density. Meanwhile, the Sn–3.5Ag–0.5Cu solder remained the best corrosion characteristics in both solutions. It was found that due to microstructure alteration, Bi additive to the Sn–9Zn solder improved the corrosion behavior in the salt solution, whereas decreased that in the acid solution. However, the additive of In degraded the Sn–3.5Ag–0.5Cu solder in both solutions. The EIS results agreed well with the noble sequence of the five solders subjected to the two solutions with polarization. The equivalent circuits were also determined. Nevertheless, the four Pb-free solders exhibited acceptable corrosion properties since there was not much difference of key corrosion parameters between them and the Sn–37Pb solder.

scholarly journals Correlation of Surface Cracks of Concrete due to Corrosion and Bond Strength (between Steel Bar and Concrete)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charis Alk. Apostolopoulos ◽  
Konstantinos F. Koulouris ◽  
Alkiviadis Ch. Apostolopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Surface Cracks ◽  
Reinforcing Bar ◽  
Steel Bar ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Cover Thickness

The current experimental study presents the results of bond strength loss (steel bar concrete) due to the corrosion damage of steel bar specimens, semiembedded in concrete, at various times of exposure to corrosive environment. In this case, a correlation was made between the width of the surface cracks of concrete caused by reinforcing steel corrosion and bond strength for different distances between stirrups and different cover thickness of concrete. The study indicates close relationship between the width of surface cracking, the percentage mass loss of embedded reinforcing bar, the distance between stirrups, and the cover thickness. In addition, mathematical predictive models of bond strength loss of corroded specimens were proposed. The model outcomes showed that the cracking development on concrete surface up to a width of 1.6 mm is accompanied by an exponential reduction of bond strength loss between steel reinforcement and concrete. Furthermore, the investigation has shown that the increase of transverse reinforcement (stirrups) percentage and the cover thickness play a significant role in durability of reinforced concrete elements and in bond strength maintenance between rebar and concrete.

Development and characterisation of multifunctional composite coatings using bio-based additives

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Ong ◽  
Ammar Shafaamri ◽  
Iling Aema Wonnie Ma ◽  
Ramesh Kasi ◽  
Ramesh Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mild Steel Corrosion ◽  
Organic Corrosion Inhibitors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop the bio-composite organic coatings by adding the bio-based additives that are extracted from banana peels and henna leaves as the organic corrosion inhibitors. Design/methodology/approach Bioactive constituents with inhibition properties are extracted from banana peels and henna leaves by using ethanol to form the ethanolic extract. The inhibiting efficiency of these bioactive constituents on mild steel corrosion in 3.5% sodium hydroxide (NaCl) solution is investigated. The investigation is performed using electrochemical impedance studies for 30 days. The optical and adhesive properties of the bio-composite coating systems have also been studied. Findings The best protection is obtained as the loading ratio of the banana peels ethanolic extract (BPEE) and henna leaves ethanolic extract (HLEE) are 10 Wt.% and 30 Wt.%, respectively. Overall, the results obtained show that the BPEE and HLEE not only enhance the optical properties but also can serve as an effective inhibitor for corrosion without affecting the adhesiveness of the neat acrylic properties. Originality/value Banana peels and henna leaves consist of bioactive constituents that have anti-corrosion properties which could inhibit corrosion.

Vegetable Extracts as Inhibitors of Carbon Steel Corrosion in Acidic Environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 1139 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Lidia Benea ◽  
Eliza Dănăilă ◽  
Valentin Marian Dumitraşcu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Inhibition Efficiency ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Electrolytic Cell ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Acidic Environment ◽  
Green Inhibitor ◽  
Wide Range

Vegetable extracts have become important as an environmentally acceptable, readily available and renewable source for wide range of inhibitors. They are the rich sources of ingredients which have very high inhibition efficiency. The aim of the present work is to study the corrosion inhibition characteristics of aqueous extract of USINHIB (the abbreviation attributed to garlic extract, derived from romanian language, which was used as vegetable inhibitor), which have been studied as an eco-friendly green inhibitor for corrosion control of carbon steel in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid. The inhibitive effect of naturally available vegetable extract USINHIB toward the corrosion of carbon steel in 0.5 M HCl solution has been investigated by electrochemical techniques. Open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry in presence and absence of vegetable inhibitor were used to provide detailed information about the corrosion of steel surface which occurs in acidic environment. The three electrode electrolytic cell was used. The obtained results showed the increase in the inhibition efficiency.

scholarly journals Corrosion Inhibition Effect of 4-(2-Diethylamino-Ethylsulfonyl)-Phthalonitrile and 4,5-Bis(Hexylsulfonyl)-Phthalonitrile

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esma Sezer ◽  
Belkis Ustamehmetoğlu ◽  
Zehra Altuntaş Bayır ◽  
Kerim Çoban ◽  
Ayfer Kalkan
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Metal Surface ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Double Layer Capacitance ◽  
Tafel Slopes ◽  
Eis Measurements

Inhibition of stainless steel corrosion in a 3.0 M NaCl solution by 4-(2-diethylamino-ethylsulfanyl)-phthalonitrile (DAESPN) and 4,5-bis(hexylsulfonyl)-phthalonitrile (Bis-HSPN) was investigated by polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The values of cathodic (βc) and anodic (βa) Tafel slopes, , , corrosion rate (CR), and inhibition efficiences (IE%) obtained from polarization curves and polarization resistance (), double-layer capacitance (), specific capacitance () values were obtained from EIS. Double-layer capacitance differences in the presence and absence of inhibitors were also obtained from EIS measurements as suggested in the literature in order to investigate the interaction of them with metal surface. Results show that both DAESPN and Bis-HSPN are effective in cathodic reaction. Impedance measurements suggest higher surface coverage for DAESPN. The interaction between the inhibitor and the stainless steel was investigated by the adsorption isotherm. Langmuir adsorption isotherm was applied and values were obtained and found as , and 9.2 kJ, 12.5 kJ for DAESPN and Bis-HSPN, respectively, which suggests the electrostatic interaction between charged metal surface and charged organic molecules.

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