The Potential Biomedical Application of NiCu Magnetic Nanoparticles

Magnetic nanoparticles became increasingly interesting in recent years as a result of their tailorable size-dependent properties, which enable their use in a wide range of applications. One of their emerging applications is biomedicine; in particular, bimetallic nickel/copper magnetic nanoparticles (NiCu MNPs) are gaining momentum as a consequence of their unique properties that are suitable for biomedicine. These characteristics include stability in various chemical environments, proven biocompatibility with various cell types, and tunable magnetic properties that can be adjusted by changing synthesis parameters. Despite the obvious potential of NiCu MNPs for biomedical applications, the general interest in their use for this purpose is rather low. Nevertheless, the steadily increasing annual number of related papers shows that increasingly more researchers in the biomedical field are studying this interesting formulation. As with other MNPs, NiCu-based formulations were examined for their application in magnetic hyperthermia (MH) as one of their main potential uses in clinics. MH is a treatment method in which cancer tissue is selectively heated through the localization of MNPs at the target site in an alternating magnetic field (AMF). This heating destroys cancer cells only since they are less equipped to withstand temperatures above 43 °C, whereas this temperature is not critical for healthy tissue. Superparamagnetic particles (e.g., NiCu MNPs) generate heat by relaxation losses under an AMF. In addition to MH in cancer treatment, which might be their most beneficial potential use in biomedicine, the properties of NiCu MNPs can be leveraged for several other applications, such as controlled drug delivery and prolonged localization at a desired target site in the body. After a short introduction that covers the general properties of NiCu MNPs, this review explores different synthesis methods, along with their main advantages and disadvantages, potential surface modification approaches, and their potential in biomedical applications, such as MH, multimodal cancer therapy, MH implants, antibacterial activity, and dentistry.

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NiCu magnetic nanoparticles: review of synthesis methods, surface functionalization approaches, and biomedical applications

Nanotechnology Reviews ◽

10.1515/ntrev-2017-0193 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 187-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Irena Ban ◽

Janja Stergar ◽

Uroš Maver

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Parameter Tuning ◽

Magnetic Hyperthermia ◽

The Body ◽

General Interest ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Promising Application ◽

And Chemical Properties

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted extensive interest in recent years because of their unique magnetic, electronic, catalytical, optical, and chemical properties. Lately, research on bimetallic MNPs based on nickel and copper (NiCu MNPs) gained momentum owing to their desired properties for use in biomedicine, such as their chemical stability, biocompatibility, and highly tunable magnetic properties by means of synthesis parameter tuning. The general interest of using NiCu MNPs in biomedical applications is still low, although it is steadily increasing as can be deduced from the number of related publications in the last years. When exposed to an alternating magnetic field (AMF), superparamagnetic particles (such as NiCu MNPs) generate heat by relaxation losses. Consequently, magnetic hyperthermia in cancer treatment seems to be their most promising application in medicine, although others are emerging as well, such as their use to guide potent drugs to the targeted site or to prolong their localization at a desired site in the body. This review is the first, to the best of our knowledge, that covers the available knowledge related to the preparation of NiCu MNPs using different methods, their resulting properties, and the already developed functionalization methods and that discusses everything mentioned in relation to their possible applicability in biomedicine.

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Graphene-Based Nanosystems: Versatile Nanotools for Theranostics and Bioremediation

10.5772/intechopen.96337 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marlene Lúcio ◽

Eduarda Fernandes ◽

Hugo Gonçalves ◽

Sofia Machado ◽

Andreia C. Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Quantum Physics ◽

Single Layer ◽

The Body ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Honeycomb Lattice ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Broad Variety ◽

Imaging Strategy

Since its revolutionary discovery in 2004, graphene— a two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial consisting of single-layer carbon atoms packed in a honeycomb lattice— was thoroughly discussed for a broad variety of applications including quantum physics, nanoelectronics, energy efficiency, and catalysis. Graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) have also captivated the interest of researchers for innovative biomedical applications since the first publication on the use of graphene as a nanocarrier for the delivery of anticancer drugs in 2008. Today, GBNs have evolved into hybrid combinations of graphene and other elements (e.g., drugs or other bioactive compounds, polymers, lipids, and nanoparticles). In the context of developing theranostic (therapeutic + diagnostic) tools, which combine multiple therapies with imaging strategies to track the distribution of therapeutic agents in the body, the multipurpose character of the GBNs hybrid systems has been further explored. Because each therapy and imaging strategy has inherent advantages and disadvantages, a mixture of complementary strategies is interesting as it will result in a synergistic theranostic effect. The flexibility of GBNs cannot be limited to their biomedical applications and, these nanosystems emerge as a viable choice for an indirect effect on health by their future use as environmental cleaners. Indeed, GBNs can be used in bioremediation approaches alone or combined with other techniques such as phytoremediation. In summary, without ignoring the difficulties that GBNs still present before being deemed translatable to clinical and environmental applications, the purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the remarkable potential of GBNs on health by presenting examples of their versatility as nanotools for theranostics and bioremediation.

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Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology ◽

10.3762/bjnano.6.9 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 84-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

Saban Kalay ◽

Zehra Yilmaz ◽

Ozlem Sen ◽

Melis Emanet ◽

Emine Kazanc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Boron Nitride ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Storage Capacity ◽

Boron Nitride Nanotubes ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Neutron Capture Therapy ◽

Insulation Resistance ◽

Hydrogen Storage Capacity ◽

Resistance To Oxidation ◽

Wide Range

Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) have been increasingly investigated for use in a wide range of applications due to their unique physicochemical properties including high hydrophobicity, heat and electrical insulation, resistance to oxidation, and hydrogen storage capacity. They are also valued for their possible medical and biomedical applications including drug delivery, use in biomaterials, and neutron capture therapy. In this review, BNNT synthesis methods and the surface modification strategies are first discussed, and then their toxicity and application studies are summarized. Finally, a perspective for the future use of these novel materials is discussed.

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Potential of magnetic nano cellulose in biomedical applications: Recent Advances

Biomaterials and Polymers Horizon ◽

10.37819/bph.001.01.0133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 32-47

Author(s):

Anuj Kumar ◽

Ankur Sood ◽

Sung Soo Han

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽

Synergistic Effect ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽

Wearable Electronics ◽

Bacterial Nanocellulose ◽

Renewable Biomass ◽

Potential Efficacy ◽

Wide Range ◽

Nano Cellulose

Biopolymers have attracted considerable attention in various biomedical applications. Among them, cellulose as sustainable and renewable biomass has shown potential efficacy. With the advancement in nanotechnology, a wide range of nanostructured materials have surfaced with the potential to offer substantial biomedical applications. . The progress of cellulose at the nanoscale regime (nanocelluloses) with diverse forms like cellulose nanocrystals, nanofibres and bacterial nanocellulose) has imparted remarkable properties like high aspect-ratio and high mechanical strength, and biocompatibility. The amalgamation of nanocellulose together with magnetic nanoparticles (MNC) could be explored for a synergistic effect. In this review, a brief introduction of nano cellulose , magnetic nanoparticles and the synergistic effect of MNC is described. Further, the review sheds light on the recent studies based on MNCs with their potential in the biomedical area. Finally, the review is concluded by citing the remarkable value of MNC with their futuristic applications in other fields like friction layers for triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), energy production, hydrogen splitting, and wearable electronics.

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A brief review on hydroxyapatite production and use in biomedicine

Cerâmica ◽

10.1590/0366-69132019653742706 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (374) ◽

pp. 282-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

D. S. Gomes ◽

A. M. C. Santos ◽

G. A. Neves ◽

R. R. Menezes

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Chemical Similarity ◽

Drug Controlled Release ◽

Precise Control ◽

Metallic Implants ◽

Wide Range ◽

Biomedical Field ◽

Size And Morphology

Abstract Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioceramic widely studied due to its chemical similarity with the mineral component of bones. Besides, it is biocompatible, bioactive and thermodynamically stable in the body fluid what poses it as an attractive material for a wide range of applications in the biomedical field. Several efforts have been focused on the synthesis of particles of this material aiming to the precise control of size and morphology, porosity and surface area. HAp is widely used as an implant for bone tissue regeneration, as a coating for metallic implants and in a drug-controlled release. In this sense, the objective of this review is to gather information related to HAp, providing readers with information about synthesis methods, material characteristics and their applications.

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Semt-Solid Processing of Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-55-361 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Toloui ◽

J. V. Wood

Keyword(s):

Titanium Alloys ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

The Body ◽

Basic Process ◽

Corrosion Properties ◽

Forged Parts ◽

Wide Range ◽

Mechanical And Corrosion Properties ◽

Semi Solid ◽

Powder Titanium

ABSTRACTAmong metallic systems, titanium alloys are prime candidate materials for biomedical applications in view of their apparent properties in the body environment. While machined and forged parts of CPTi, or Ti-6Al-4V, are suitable for many applications, they are not economical for one-off objects or artefacts of extreme intricacy. Titanium castings are an obvious solution to the problem but these are extremely difficult to process without contamination. Alloying allows a lowering of the melting point and significantly reduces the risk of contamination but the resultant alloys are normally brittle due to networks of intermetallics forming. This paper describes a process of semi-solid casting using a powder titanium feedstock for making one-off castings of artefacts like those required in dentistry. The process will be described and the mechanical and corrosion properties of several alloys which are compatible with this technique are assessed. The basic process is relatively inexpensive and provides a useful tool for examining a wide range of potential titanium base alloys.

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TiO2–Graphene Quantum Dots Nanocomposites for Photocatalysis in Energy and Biomedical Applications

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11030319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 319

Author(s):

Anuja Bokare ◽

Sowbaranigha Chinnusamy ◽

Folarin Erogbogbo

Keyword(s):

Quantum Dots ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Graphene Quantum Dots ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Widespread Application ◽

Wide Range ◽

Multifunctional Nanocomposites ◽

Energy Conversion Devices

The focus of current research in material science has shifted from “less efficient” single-component nanomaterials to the superior-performance, next-generation, multifunctional nanocomposites. TiO2 is a widely used benchmark photocatalyst with unique physicochemical properties. However, the large bandgap and massive recombination of photogenerated charge carriers limit its overall photocatalytic efficiency. When TiO2 nanoparticles are modified with graphene quantum dots (GQDs), some significant improvements can be achieved in terms of (i) broadening the light absorption wavelengths, (ii) design of active reaction sites, and (iii) control of the electron-hole (e−-h+) recombination. Accordingly, TiO2-GQDs nanocomposites exhibit promising multifunctionalities in a wide range of fields including, but not limited to, energy, biomedical aids, electronics, and flexible wearable sensors. This review presents some important aspects of TiO2-GQDs nanocomposites as photocatalysts in energy and biomedical applications. These include: (1) structural formulations and synthesis methods of TiO2-GQDs nanocomposites; (2) discourse about the mechanism behind the overall higher photoactivities of these nanocomposites; (3) various characterization techniques which can be used to judge the photocatalytic performance of these nanocomposites, and (4) the application of these nanocomposites in biomedical and energy conversion devices. Although some objectives have been achieved, new challenges still exist and hinder the widespread application of these nanocomposites. These challenges are briefly discussed in the Future Scope section of this review.

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A Study of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis by Using Bacteria

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.11.1.13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 01-08

Author(s):

Abdulsahib S. Jubran ◽

Oda M. Al-Zamely ◽

Mahdi H. Al-Ammar

Keyword(s):

Iron Oxide ◽

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

The Body ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Scale Production ◽

Bacillus Sp

Nanotechnology is a multi-disciplinary kind of science that covers many areas of scientific techniques, like biomedical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, materials, general chemistry, general physics, electronics, data sciences and technology, etc.1-4 Nanotechnology is become applied now in the pharmaceutical industry, medicine, electronics, robotics, and tissue engineering. The usage of nanomaterials in the enhancement of delivery systems for various molecules, like DNA, RNA, plasmids, and proteins it is very important today and has been considered widely throughout the last years.2 Nanoparticles have been used to deliver drugs to target tissues and to increase stability against degradation by enzymes.3 Their exclusive size-dependent properties make these materials indispensable and superior in many areas of human activities.3,4 Green synthesis methods are eco-friendly approaches and compatible with pharmaceutical and other biomedical applications, as the toxic chemicals are not used in these methods.5 Iron oxide nanoparticles are most suitable for biomedical applications due to their proven biocompatibility. These particles have an ability to interact with various biological molecules in different ways due to their superparamagnetic properties, high specific area and wide choice of surface functionalization.6 The potential of drug delivery systems based on the use of nano- and microparticles stems from significant advantages such as;7,8 The ability to target specific locations in the body. The reduction of the drug quantity needed to attain a particular concentration approximately the target. The reduction of the concentration of the drug at non-target sites minimizing severe side effects. Living microorganisms, especially Bacillus sp. have a remarkable ability to form exquisite inorganic structures often in nano-dimensions. The development of these eco-friendly methods for the fabrication of nanoparticles is developing into an important division of nanotechnology, especially iron oxide nanoparticles.7,9 Microbes play direct or indirect roles in several biological activities. So use them in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a more demanding approach for the bio-production of nanoparticles via a highly stable, eco-friendly process with no toxic chemical and large scale production.10 Our study aims to investigate and detect iron oxide nanoparticles produced by Bacillusims to Sp. Bacteria. METHODOLOGY Bacillus Identification Large gram-positive rods, often in pairs or chains with rounded or square ends (which may have a single endospore). Some species may be Gram variable. The identification was done by using spore stain method, which used to stain the spores of Bacillus species. Spores were in light green, and vegetative cell walls were pick up the counterstain safranin. The media used with conditions ware blood agar incubated in air/CO2 at 35°C-37°C for 24 – 48-hour.11 ABSTRACT The biosynthesis of nanoparticles by using microorganisms is developing as an ecofriendly method for nanoparticle synthesis because of its cheap, simple and non-toxic. Bacillus sp. can be used for producing iron oxide nanoparticles. In addition, it has the ability for the biosynthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The nanoparticles producing was evaluated by using Ultra Violate-Visible (UV-Visible) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) methods also the production and size of the nanoparticle was confirmed by X-ray Diffraction and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) to confirm the accuracy of iron oxide nanoparticles. pH, Temperature, and Incubation time of production of iron oxide nano-particle also studied.

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Effect of SPIO Nanoparticle Concentrations on Temperature Changes for Hyperthermia via MRI

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2013/467878 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alsayed A. M. Elsherbini ◽

Ahmed El-Shahawy

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Specific Absorption Rate ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Carcinoma Cells ◽

Surrounding Tissue ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Wide Range ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Two Factors

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are being developed for a wide range of biomedical applications. In particular, hyperthermia involves heating the MNPs through exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). These materials offer the potential for selectively by heating cancer tissue locally and at the cellular level. This may be a successful method if there are enough particles in a tumor possessing sufficiently high specific absorption rate (SAR) to deposit heat quickly while minimizing thermal damage to surrounding tissue. The current research aim is to study the influence of super paramagnetic iron oxides Fe3O4(SPIO) NPs concentration on the total heat energy dose and the rate of temperature change in AMF to induce hyperthermia inEhrlichcarcinoma cells implanted in female mice. The results demonstrated a linearly increasing trend between these two factors.

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