scholarly journals Quinolizidine-Based Variations and Antifungal Activity of Eight Lupinus Species Grown under Greenhouse Conditions

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Willy Cely-Veloza ◽  
Diego Quiroga ◽  
Ericsson Coy-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Family ◽  
External Standard

Fusarium oxysporum is an aggressive phytopathogen that affects various plant species, resulting in extensive local and global economic losses. Therefore, the search for competent alternatives is a constant pursuit. Quinolizidine alkaloids (QA) are naturally occurring compounds with diverse biological activities. The structural diversity of quinolizidines is mainly contributed by species of the family Fabaceae, particularly the genus Lupinus. This quinolizidine-based chemo diversity can be explored to find antifungals and even mixtures to address concomitant effects on F. oxysporum. Thus, the antifungal activity of quinolizidine-rich extracts (QREs) from the leaves of eight greenhouse-propagated Lupinus species was evaluated to outline promising QA mixtures against F. oxysporum. Thirteen main compounds were identified and quantified using an external standard. Quantitative analysis revealed different contents per quinolizidine depending on the Lupinus plant, ranging from 0.003 to 32.8 mg/g fresh leaves. Bioautography showed that all extracts were active at the maximum concentration (5 µg/µL). They also exhibited >50% mycelium growth inhibition. All QREs were fungistatic except for the fungicidal QRE of L. polyphyllus Lindl. Angustifoline, matrine, 13α-hydroxylupanine, and 17-oxolupanine were ranked to act jointly against the phytopathogen. Our findings constitute reference information to better understand the antifungal activity of naturally afforded QA mixtures from these globally important plants.

Turmeric

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Mazia Ahmed ◽  
Urvashi Srivastava ◽  
Chitra Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Diverse Field ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a rhizomatous crop found in tropical regions and belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. It was used in the form of a spice, flavoring substance, coloring agent, and as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of several human ailments for centuries. Turmeric, along with its extracts, has a very broad and diverse field of application. It is an exclusive and versatile naturally occurring plant product having properties of not only a spice but also food colorant, medicine or drug, and cosmetics. In ethnic delicacies, turmeric is a commonly used flavoring ingredient. It is also a popularly used natural food color. It exhibits several biological activities such as having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antiparasitic properties. It is well known as a skincare product and a healthy food ingredient. It is found to have the capability to prevent or retard a wide range of ailments.

Naturally occurring furofuran lignans: structural diversity and biological activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1357-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Hui Xu ◽  
Ping Zhao ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Qian Liang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Naturally Occurring

scholarly journals Endocannabinoid-Like Lipid Neuromodulators in the Regulation of Dopamine Signaling: Relevance for Drug Addiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Sagheddu ◽  
Larissa Helena Torres ◽  
Tania Marcourakis ◽  
Marco Pistis
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Family ◽  
Complex Lipid ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Dopamine Signaling

The family of lipid neuromodulators has been rapidly growing, as the use of different -omics techniques led to the discovery of a large number of naturally occurring N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) and N-acyl amino acids belonging to the complex lipid signaling system termed endocannabinoidome. These molecules exert a variety of biological activities in the central nervous system, as they modulate physiological processes in neurons and glial cells and are involved in the pathophysiology of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Their effects on dopamine cells have attracted attention, as dysfunctions of dopamine systems characterize a range of psychiatric disorders, i.e., schizophrenia and substance use disorders (SUD). While canonical endocannabinoids are known to regulate excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs impinging on dopamine cells and modulate several dopamine-mediated behaviors, such as reward and addiction, the effects of other lipid neuromodulators are far less clear. Here, we review the emerging role of endocannabinoid-like neuromodulators in dopamine signaling, with a focus on non-cannabinoid N-acylethanolamines and their receptors. Mounting evidence suggests that these neuromodulators contribute to modulate synaptic transmission in dopamine regions and might represent a target for novel medications in alcohol and nicotine use disorder.

Naturally occurring prenylated chalcones from plants: structural diversity, distribution, activities and biosynthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Zhou ◽  
Song Yang ◽  
Shu-Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Prenylated Chalcones

This review covers the literature until July 2020 on structures, biological activities, distribution and biosynthesis of prenylated chalcones in plants.

scholarly journals Arylnaphthalene lactones: structures and pharmacological potentials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyoung Park ◽  
Seungsu Kim ◽  
Dongyun Shin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Anti Hiv

AbstractNatural arylnaphthalene lactones are representative lignans that are found in various dietary and medicinal plants. Their unique structural features and significant pharmacological activity have attracted considerable attention from both synthetic and medicinal chemists. Owing to their unique structural features such as relative rigid tetracyclic skeleton, structural diversity of more than five substituents, and no chiral center, arylnaphthalene lactones are recognized as a valuable scaffold for drug discovery, in addition to their significant pharmacological activities. This review covers the structures and isolation of all naturally occurring arylnaphthalene lactone congeners reported. Based on the aryl substituents, they were categorized as Type I and Type II and further classified according to the oxidation state of the ring and glycosylation level. Special attention has been paid to natural arylnaphthalene lactones owing to their broad spectrum of biological activities such as cytotoxic, antiplatelet, antiviral, anti-HIV, antifungal, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. All the products were reorganized based on their biological activities, and selected data are presented.

scholarly journals Screening of Lactobacillus plantarum with broad-spectrum antifungal activity and its application in preservation of golden-red apples

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
Kangning Li ◽  
Wenyi Zhang ◽  
Lai-Yu Kwok ◽  
Bilige Menghe
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Overlay Method

Fungal food spoilage is a common problem that leads to both great economic losses and serious health problems. This study screened the antifungal activity of 137 Lactobacillus plantarum isolates against six common food spoilage indicator fungi using an overlay method and indicator strains of the species Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium moniliforme, Penicillium expansum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Aspergillus niger. Among Lactobacillus plantarum isolates, strain IMAU80174 was selected as the most effective based on the results of mycelium growth inhibition by its cell-free supernatant (CFS) and tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal juices and bile. The CFS of Lactobacillus plantarum IMAU80174 showed heat and protease resistance, and it was active only in a low pH environment. The application of the CFS to golden-red apples could slow down spoilage caused by inoculation of Penicillium expansum.

Synthesis and Antifungal Activities of Drimane-Amide Derivatives from Sclareol

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 501-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaofeng Ma ◽  
Jili Feng ◽  
Dezhi Wang ◽  
Shu-Wei Chen ◽  
Hui Xu
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Amide Derivatives

Aim and Objective: Plant diseases are caused by fungal pathogens lead to severe economic losses in many agriculture crops. And the increasing resistance of many fungi to commonly used antifungal agents necessitates the discovery and development of new fungicides. So this study was focused on synthesizing novel skeleton compounds to effectively control plant diseases. Materials and Methods: A series of drimane-amide derivatives were designed, synthesized by aminolysis reaction of amine with intermediate sclareolide which was prepared from sclareol. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS (ESI) spectroscopic data. Their in vitro antifungal activity were preliminarily evaluated by using the mycelium growth rate method against five phytopathogenic fungi: Botrytis cinerea, Glomerella cingulata, Alternaria alternate, Alternaria brassicae, and Fusarium graminearum. Results: 23 target compounds were successfully obtained in yields of 52-95%. Compounds A2 and A3 displayed favorable inhibitory potency against B. cinerea, G. cingulata and A. brassicae with IC50 values ranging from 3.18 to 10.48 µg/mL. These two compounds displayed higher fungicidal activity than sclareol against all the tested phytopathogenic fungi, and were more effective than the positive control thiabendazole against A. alternate and A. brassicae. The structure-activity relationship studies of compounds A1-10 indicated that both the position and type of substituent on the phenyl ring had significant effects on antifungal activity. Conclusion: The drimane-amide derivatives A2 and A3 were the most promising derivatives and should be selected as new templates for the potential antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of Posttranslational Modifications of CXCL8/Interleukin-8 on CXCR1 and CXCR2 Internalization and Signaling Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Vacchini ◽  
Anneleen Mortier ◽  
Paul Proost ◽  
Massimo Locati ◽  
Mieke Metzemaekers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Family ◽  
Truncated Isoforms ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Gαi Protein

CXCL8 or interleukin (IL)-8 directs neutrophil migration and activation through interaction with CXCR1 and CXCR2 that belong to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Naturally occurring posttranslational modifications of the NH2-terminal region of CXCL8 affect its biological activities, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are only partially understood. Here, we studied the implications of site-specific citrullination and truncation for the signaling potency of CXCL8. Native CXCL8(1-77), citrullinated [Cit5]CXCL8(1-77) and the major natural isoform CXCL8(6-77) were chemically synthesized and tested in internalization assays using human neutrophils. Citrullinated and truncated isoforms showed a moderately enhanced capacity to induce internalization of CXCR1 and CXCR2. Moreover, CXCL8-mediated activation of Gαi-dependent signaling through CXCR1 and CXCR2 was increased upon modification to [Cit5]CXCL8(1-77) or CXCL8(6-77). All CXCL8 variants promoted recruitment of β-arrestins 1 and 2 to CXCR1 and CXCR2. Compared to CXCL8(1-77), CXCL8(6-77) showed an enhanced potency to recruit β-arrestin 2 to both receptors, while for [Cit5]CXCL8(1-77) only the capacity to induce β-arrestin 2 recruitment to CXCR2 was increased. Both modifications had no biasing effect, i.e., did not alter the preference of CXCL8 to activate either Gαi-protein or β-arrestin-dependent signaling through its receptors. Our results support the concept that specific chemokine activities are fine-tuned by posttranslational modifications.

scholarly journals Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities of Meroterpenoids from Marine Derived-Fungi: A Comprehensive Update

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Amr El-Demerdash ◽  
Decha Kumla ◽  
Anake Kijjoa
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Interesting Class ◽  
Terpenoid Pathway ◽  
Biological And Pharmacological Activities

Meroterpenoids are a class of hybrid natural products, partially derived from a mixed terpenoid pathway. They possess remarkable structural features and relevant biological and pharmacological activities. Marine-derived fungi are a rich source of meroterpenoids featuring structural diversity varying from simple to complex molecular architectures. A combination of a structural variability and their myriad of bioactivities makes meroterpenoids an interesting class of naturally occurring compounds for chemical and pharmacological investigation. In this review, a comprehensive literature survey covering the period of 2009–2019, with 86 references, is presented focusing on chemistry and biological activities of various classes of meroterpenoids isolated from fungi obtained from different marine hosts and environments.

Current Advances in the Biological Activity of Polysaccharides in Dendrobium with Intriguing Therapeutic Potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1663-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ting Lee ◽  
Heng-Chun Kuo ◽  
Yung-Hsiang Chen ◽  
Ming-Yen Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

The polysaccharides in many plants are attracting worldwide attention because of their biological activities and medical properties, such as anti-viral, anti-oxidative, antichronic inflammation, anti-hypertensive, immunomodulation, and neuron-protective effects, as well as anti-tumor activity. Denodrobium species, a genus of the family orchidaceae, have been used as herbal medicines for hundreds of years in China due to their pharmacological effects. These effects include nourishing the Yin, supplementing the stomach, increasing body fluids, and clearing heat. Recently, numerous researchers have investigated possible active compounds in Denodrobium species, such as lectins, phenanthrenes, alkaloids, trigonopol A, and polysaccharides. Unlike those of other plants, the biological effects of polysaccharides in Dendrobium are a novel research field. In this review, we focus on these novel findings to give readers an overall picture of the intriguing therapeutic potential of polysaccharides in Dendrobium, especially those of the four commonly-used Denodrobium species: D. huoshanense, D. offininale, D. nobile, and D. chrysotoxum.

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