scholarly journals High Adherence to the Food Pyramid’s Recommendations Avoids the Risk of Insufficient Nutrient Intake among Farmers in Peri-Urban Kenya

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4470
Author(s):  
Madoka Kishino ◽  
Azumi Hida ◽  
Kenta Hara ◽  
David Nguatha Mungai ◽  
Rose Okoyo Opiyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Target Population ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Food Pyramid ◽  
Micronutrient Intake

This study aimed to investigate whether the Kenyan Food Pyramid (FP) can evaluate excess or insufficient nutrient intake. Participants were farmers (56 men and 64 women, aged 18–60 years) in Wangige Village, Kiambu County—a peri-urban area of Kenya. Cross-sectional data were collected for demographic characteristics, physical measurements, and 2-day and 24-hour dietary recalls. The average adherence level to the FP (hereafter, “FP score”) was 25.0 out of 50.0, with a minimum and maximum of 14.1 and 41.5, respectively. Energy and protein % energy ratio were significantly higher (p for trend < 0.05) in the higher FP score group. A higher FP score was also associated with a higher energy-adjusted micronutrient intake, and it was more likely to meet nutrient requirements. However, the higher FP score group had a higher risk of excess sodium intake (p for trend < 0.001). The Kenyan FP could be a useful tool for avoiding the risk of insufficient nutrient intake, but not for avoiding high energy and sodium intake. It is necessary to include appropriate evaluations to limit energy, sugar, and salt. Food groups and recommendations of the FP should be optimised according to the dietary environment of the target population so as to promote their health.

Dietary Patterns of Men and Women Suggest Targets for Health Promotion: The Framingham Nutrition Studies

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Millen ◽  
Paula A. Quatromoni ◽  
David R. Gagnon ◽  
L. Adrienne Cupples ◽  
Mary M. Franz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cluster Analyses ◽  
Food And Nutrient Intake

Purpose. The goal of the study was to characterize the dietary patterns of adult men and women. Design. The study used a cross-sectional analysis of food consumption behaviors and nutrient intake measured from 1984 through 1988. Setting. The Framingham Offspring/Spouse Study, Framingham, Massachusetts. Subjects. The population-based sample comprised 1831 men and 1828 women between 20 and 70 years of age. Measures. Dietary patterns were defined by cluster analyses, which used the estimates of usual daily food intake from food frequency questionnaires, and the patterns were compared with Food Guide Pyramid recommendations. Nutrient intakes were independently estimated from 24-hour recalls and compared with Year 2000 nutrition recommendations. Results. Cluster analyses identified five groups of men and five groups of women with distinctive dietary patterns. Men differed on intakes of all food groups except vegetables and snacks plus sweetened beverages. Specific dietary behaviors, including low intakes of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and other complex carbohydrates; high intakes of beer and liquor; and high intakes of high-fat animal foods warrant targeted intervention messages for men. Women's patterns differed across all food groups except red meats and fattier poultry and beer. Dietary behaviors of women that deserve attention include low fruit, vegetable, starch, and dairy intakes; chronic dieting; high alcohol intake; and sources of hidden fats. No cluster met the current recommendations for food and nutrient intake. Conclusions. Distinct dietary patterns in Framingham men and women vary in compliance with national nutrition and health policy objectives and provide insights for developing behavioral interventions to improve food and nutrient intake.

scholarly journals Adherence to the Spanish dietary guidelines and its association with obesity in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Granada study

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2425-2435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Molina-Montes ◽  
Irina Uzhova ◽  
Elena Molina-Portillo ◽  
José-María Huerta ◽  
Genevieve Buckland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Pyramid ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Prospective Investigation

AbstractObjectiveDietary guidelines are intended to prevent chronic diseases and obesity. The aim of the present study was to develop a diet quality index based on the Spanish Food Pyramid (SFP) and to further explore its association with obesity in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Granada study.DesignCross–sectional study. The SFP score considered recommendations given for twelve food groups, and for physical activity and alcohol consumption. Obesity was defined as BMI over 30 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity as waist circumference larger than 102 cm (men) and 88 cm (women). Logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratios of obesity by quintiles and by 10-point increment in adherence to the score, controlling for potential confounders.SettingEPIC-Granada study.SubjectsParticipants (n 6717) aged 35–69 years (77 % women).ResultsA 10-point increase in adherence to the SFP score was associated with a 14 % (OR=0·86; 95 % CI 0·79, 0·94) lower odds of obesity in men (P interaction by sex=0·02). The odds of abdominal obesity decreased globally by 12 % (OR=0·88; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·93) per 10-point increase in adherence to this score. The effect of higher adherence to the score on abdominal obesity was stronger in physically inactive men and women (ORper 10-point increase=0·79; 95 % CI 0·68, 0·92 and ORper 10-point increase=0·89; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·95, respectively).ConclusionsThese findings support that the Spanish dietary guidelines might be an effective tool for obesity prevention. However, prospective studies investigating this association are warranted.

scholarly journals Asupan Energi, Protein dan Lemak dengan Kejadian Gizi Kurang pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan di Desa Suci, Gresik

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Shafira Roshmita Diniyyah ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nutritional Problem ◽  
Food Recall

 Background: Undernutrition is still the major of nutritional problem in Indonesia. Toddlers are one of age group that are susceptible to nutritional problems.  One of the direct cause of malnutrition  is nutrient intake.  Low intake of energy, protein and fat causes the utilization of nutrient intake become not optimal and susceptible to infectious diseases. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between energy, protein and fat intake with underweight toddlers aged 24-59 months. Methods: This research used a cross sectional study design with a sample size of 62  toddlers that living in the Suci Village Gresik. Data were collected by interview with questionnaires that related to the characteristic of toddlers and parents, form food recall 2x24 hours and measurement of weight toddlers based on WAZ index.  Data were analyzed using fisher exact test. Results: Underweight toddlers have lower intake of energy, protein and fat intake than non underweight toddlers. The results showed that there are 79.0% non underweight toddlers and 21.0% underweight, most of toddlers have adequate levels of energy, protein and fat intake. There was a correlation between energy (p=0.007), protein(p=0.039) and fat intake(p=0.010) with nutritional status of toddlers based on WAZ index.  Conclusions: It was suggested to increase the varied  and  food sources of  high energy, protein and fat, so the malnutrition can’t getting worse.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang:  Gizi kurang masih menjadi masalah gizi utama di Indonesia. Balita merupakan salah satu kelompok usia yang rentan mengalami masalah gizi. Penyebab langsung terjadinya gizi kurang salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh asupan zat gizi. Asupan energi, protein dan lemak yang rendah menyebabkan pemanfaatan zat gizi tidak optimal dan rentan mengalami penyakit infeksi.         Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan asupan energi, protein dan lemak dengan kejadian gizi kurang balita usia 24-59 bulan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional  dengan jumlah sampel 62 balita yang tinggal di wilayah Desa Suci Gresik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dengan kuesioner terk1q`3aq15b`6aait karakteristik balita dan orangtua, form food recall 2x24 jam dan pengukuran berat badan balita menggunakan indikator BB/U. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji fisher exact.Hasil:  Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan balita dengan status gizi baik 79,0% dan balita gizi kurang 21,0%. Sebagian besar balita memiliki tingkat asupan energi, lemak dan protein dalam kategori cukup. Terdapat  hubungan antara asupan energi (p=0,007), protein (p=0,039) dan lemak (p=0,010) dengan status gizi balita berdasarkan indeks BB/U. Kesimpulan: Balita gizi kurang memiliki tingkat asupan energi, protein dan lemak lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan balita gizi baik. Perlu meningkatkan asupan bahan makanan sumber energi, protein dan lemak yang tinggi serta bervariasi agar kondisi gizi kurang tidak semakin memburuk.

scholarly journals Pulse consumption in Canadian adults influences nutrient intakes

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (S1) ◽  
pp. S27-S36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana N. Mudryj ◽  
Nancy Yu ◽  
Terryl J. Hartman ◽  
Diane C. Mitchell ◽  
Frank R. Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Pulses (dry beans, peas, lentils) are nutrient-dense foods that are recommended as good choices in either the vegetable or meat and alternative food groups in Canada's Food Guide. To examine the prevalence and the effect of pulse consumption on nutrient intake in Canadian adults ( ≥ 19 years), we analysed cross-sectional data (n 20 156) from the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2·2. Participants were divided into non-consumers and quartiles of pulse intake. Sample weights were applied and logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association of nutrient intakes and pulse consumption, with cultural background, sex, age and economic status included as covariates. On any given day, 13 % of Canadians consume pulses, with the highest consumption in the Asian population. The pulse intake of consumers in the highest quartile was 294 (se 40) g/d and, compared with non-consumers, these individuals had higher intakes of carbohydrate, fibre and protein. As well, the micronutrient intake of pulse consumers was enhanced, resulting in fewer individuals who were below the estimated average requirement for thiamin, vitamin B6, folate, Fe, Mg, P and Zn, compared with non-consumers. Although pulses are generally low in Na, its intake also was higher in pulse consumers. Among the higher quartiles of pulse consumers, fruit and vegetable intake was one serving higher. These data indicate that pulse consumption supports dietary advice that pulses be included in healthful diets. Further studies elucidating the sources of increased Na in pulse consumers will be necessary so that dietary advice to increase consumption of pulses will maximise their nutritional benefits.

Abstract P048: Sodium Intake is Associated with Weight Status in Australian Schoolchildren Aged 4-12 Years

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carley A Grimes ◽  
Janet Baxter ◽  
Lynn Riddell ◽  
Karen Campbell ◽  
Feng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
High Sodium

Introduction: A high sodium intake stimulates thirst and in turn may promote greater consumption of high energy sugary beverages, which are linked to obesity risk in children. In this study we assessed the hypothesis that sodium intake, as measured by 24-hr urinary sodium excretion, would be positively associated with weight status in primary school-aged children. Methods: Cross-sectional study completed within a convenience sample of Victorian primary schools (n=43). Sodium intake was assessed via one 24-hr urine collection. Fourteen percent of samples were deemed invalid and excluded. BMI was calculated from measured weight and height and converted to BMI z-scores using the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference growth charts. Participants were grouped into weight categories using the International Obesity Task Force cut-points. Differences in sodium intake and weight status were assessed using multi-level linear and logistic regression analysis with adjustment for random effects (gender, age) and fixed effect (school cluster). Results: Of the 667 children with valid urine samples 55% were male and the average age was 9.3±(SD) 1.8 years. Ten percent were classified as underweight, 73% healthy weight, 14% overweight and 3% obese. Average sodium intake differed across weight categories, underweight 82±29 mmol/day (salt equivalent 4.8±1.7 g/day); healthy weight 102±43 mmol/day (salt 6.0±2.5 g/day); overweight 125±55 mmol/day (salt 7.3±3.2 g/day); obese 148±97 mmol/day (salt 8.7±5.7 g/day) (p=0.001). In the fully adjusted model sodium intake (mmol/d) was significantly associated with BMI z-score (b=0.006, P<0.001). A 17 mmol/day increase in sodium intake (salt 1 g/day) was associated with a 23% (OR: 1.23; 95% CI 1.16, 1.31) greater risk of being overweight or obese, adjusted for age and gender. Conclusions: Higher sodium intake is associated with overweight and obesity in Victorian schoolchildren. This may be related to increased energy intake, and this association should be explored further.

scholarly journals How much is too much? A case report of nutritional supplement use of a high-performance athlete

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 1724-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Carlsohn ◽  
Michael Cassel ◽  
Karsten Linné ◽  
Frank Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Nutrient

Although dietary nutrient intake is often adequate, nutritional supplement use is common among elite athletes. However, high-dose supplements or the use of multiple supplements may exceed the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of particular nutrients or even result in a daily intake above tolerable upper limits (UL). The present case report presents nutritional intake data and supplement use of a highly trained male swimmer competing at international level. Habitual energy and micronutrient intake were analysed by 3 d dietary reports. Supplement use and dosage were assessed, and total amount of nutrient supply was calculated. Micronutrient intake was evaluated based on RDA and UL as presented by the European Scientific Committee on Food, and maximum permitted levels in supplements (MPL) are given. The athlete's diet provided adequate micronutrient content well above RDA except for vitamin D. Simultaneous use of ten different supplements was reported, resulting in excess intake above tolerable UL for folate, vitamin E and Zn. Additionally, daily supplement dosage was considerably above MPL for nine micronutrients consumed as artificial products. Risks and possible side effects of exceeding UL by the athlete are discussed. Athletes with high energy intake may be at risk of exceeding UL of particular nutrients if multiple supplements are added. Therefore, dietary counselling of athletes should include assessment of habitual diet and nutritional supplement intake. Educating athletes to balance their diets instead of taking supplements might be prudent to prevent health risks that may occur with long-term excess nutrient intake.

scholarly journals Investigating Risk of Suboptimal Macro and Micronutrient Intake and Their Determinants in Older Danish Adults with Specific Focus on Protein Intake—A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Rønnow Schacht ◽  
Mads Vendelbo Lind ◽  
Rasmus Bechshøft ◽  
Grith Højfeldt ◽  
Søren Reitelseder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Record

Suboptimal intake of nutrients is associated with adverse health outcomes. The current study investigated the risk of suboptimal macro and micronutrient intake and their potential determinants in a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older Danish adults (65–81 years). Nutrient intake was obtained through a 3-day weighted dietary record and information on personal characteristics and attitudes towards specific foods and dietary habits and nutrition through questionnaires. Dietary Reference Values (DRV) from the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations were used for the assessment. Among 157 participants, 68% and 66% had risk of suboptimal intake of dietary fiber and saturated fatty acids (SFA). For mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), the numbers were 47% and 62%, respectively. Increased risk of suboptimal protein intake was estimated in 3 to 45% of the participants, depending on the criteria used for the DRV and of the mode of expressing protein intake. Fifty percent had intakes of alcohol above the maximum recommended intake. Risk of micronutrient inadequacy was particularly high for vitamin D and thiamine (80 and 45%, respectively). Total energy intake and attitude regarding healthy eating were associated with lower nutrient intake. The current study illustrates that there is room for improvements in the dietary quality of community dwelling older Danish adults.

Contribution of away-from-home food to the energy and nutrient intake among Brazilian adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ilana N Bezerra ◽  
Hituanna BN Medeiros ◽  
Amanda de Moura Souza ◽  
Rosely Sichieri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Main Portion ◽  
Energy And Nutrient Intake

Abstract Objective: To compare the contribution of different food consumption places to the energy and nutrient intake among Brazilian adolescents. Design: We analysed data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents – ERICA, carried out in 2013–2014. Foods were categorised into thirty-three food groups. Energy, nutrients and food groups were analysed according to home, public and private schools, and other places of foods consumption. Linear regression models were used to test the association between eating away from home and nutrient intake. Setting: Brazilian public and private schools. Participants: All adolescents who had undergone anthropometric evaluation and provided information through the questionnaires, including the 24-h recall (n 71 740). Results: The main portion of energy intake per day was consumed within the adolescent households (8112·776 kJ (1939 kcal), 95 % CI 1892, 1985). Away-from-home eating was reported by 52 % of students in a given day, but it contributed to only 15 % of total energy intake. This contribution was mainly due to high energy-dense food intake. The percentage contribution of foods consumed at public school and other places was very similar with respect to nutrients. However, food consumption at other places meant less intake of protein, fibre and Fe, in addition to increasing the intake of added sugar and fats. Conclusions: The frequency of food consumption outside the home by adolescents is high, although the main contribution to energy intake occurs at home, and despite the similarity of nutrients consumed in school and restaurants, the latter tends to worsen the nutritional quality of meals.

scholarly journals Distinct Nutrient Intake Style in Inhabitants of Ultra-High-Altitude Areas in North of Tibet, China: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Newly Developed Tibetan Food Frequency Questionnaires

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Xiao ◽  
Xianzhi Sun ◽  
Duoji Zhaxi ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Yuchen Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Food Composition Tables

Dietary pattern is quite distinct among the inhabitants of high-altitude areas because of environmental and geographical uniqueness; hence, it is important to investigate this data as accurately as possible. However, very few data are related to these populations up to now. Based on the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) used in the Chinese population, a revised Tibetan edition was developed with respect to the lifestyle in high-altitude areas. After assessment of validity and reproducibility, a nutrition intake survey was conducted among 1,071 randomly sampled Tibetan people. In addition, the Bland–Altman approach was used to compare the agreement between the two dietary tools. For the reproducibility analysis, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to examine the agreement of food groups and nutrients from the two FFQs (FFQ1 and FFQ2). Nutrient intake was calculated using food composition tables. For the validity analysis, Pearson's correlation of food groups intakes varied from 0.22 to 0.91 (unadjusted). The correlations of nutrients ranged from 0.24 to 0.76 (unadjusted). In the analysis of reliability, the ICC of food groups varied from 0.27 to 0.70 (unadjusted). The ICC of nutrient intakes ranged from 0.22 to 0.87 (unadjusted). The results of nutritional analysis showed that ~25% of foods consumed frequently were traditional Tibetan foods. However, traditional Han foods were frequently consumed. In addition, the energy, iron, and protein intakes for male or female subjects were close to the Chinese Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake (Chinese DRIs); however, fat and sodium intakes were significantly higher than the Chinese DRIs. Interestingly, lower intakes of other types of nutrition, such as vitamin C were detected in people living in high-altitude areas. Our data indicated that excess consumption of fat and sodium and insufficient intake of vitamin C were common among Tibetan people, as compared with the most Chinese people living in the plateau areas. More investigations are needed to reveal the association between the food intake style and high-altitude endemic diseases.

scholarly journals Changes in the nutritional profile of medicine students during the COVID-19 pandemic period and its correlation with anxiety: a prospective cross-sectional observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Gonçalves Carvalho ◽  
Leonardo Watanabe Yamamoto ◽  
Letícia Raiane Fogari ◽  
Maria Eduarda Leati Caparroz ◽  
Murillo Esbrogeo Paggioro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
White Wheat ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Meal Plan ◽  
Northwestern Region

Introduction: Pandemics cause strong social, economic, and political impacts. Social isolation to reduce the virus’ impact and to retard the health system breakdown caused by SARS-Cov-2 have affected the population’s lifestyle, including medical students. Objective: Identity which impacts the daily meal plan has the COVID-19’s Pandemic caused in medical students; Correlate data obtained in different grades of the medical course and present the nutritional profile of the students, who attended the study. Methods: Survey realized in students of a private medical course in the São Paulo northwestern region, with a questionary containing open questions and tests, sent online in conjunction with the Term of Consent. This study was analyzed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee according to a substantiated opinion number 4.373.785, and obtaining the patient's consent through the Informed Consent Form. Results: 117 students, between the 1st and 4th grade of the course, have attended the following study, 75 female, 42 male, allocated in similar proportions in the 4 initial grades of the course, ages between 17 and 31 years old; Most of the students feel more anxiety (78,6%), associated with changes in the nutritional profile, with the increase of high-energy food, highlighted by the bigger propension of this group to the consumption of sweets and white-wheat pasta in the daily meal plan. It is important to notice that many other food groups have suffered an enhancement in consumption as well, such as legumes, dried meat, vegetal oil, olive oil, and greenery. Conclusion: The COVID-19 Pandemic brought impacts to the daily meal plan of the medical students, especially in the ones who feel more anxious. The enhancement of the daily consumption of food by the medical students is notable, in the most diverse food classifications. However, it is concluded in this study that it cannot be said that anxiety and/or self-declared stress is a risk factor for the increase in food consumption observed, as well as a pattern of its impacts on the students' food, cannot be defined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document