scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Six Essential Oils Against a Group of Human Pathogens: A Comparative Study

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Man ◽  
Luigi Santacroce ◽  
Romeo Iacob ◽  
Anca Mare ◽  
Lidia Man
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Lemon Oil ◽  
Oregano Oil ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Essential oils are concentrated natural extracts derived from plants, which were proved to be good sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. This study followed the effect of some commonly used essential oils in micellar and aqueous extract on some of the most common pathogenic bacteria. Frankincense, myrtle, thyme, lemon, oregano and lavender essential oils were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Both micellar and aqueous extracts were used for determination of their minimal inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The most active oils were oregano, thyme, lemon and lavender, while the least active were frankincense and myrtle. Oregano oil presented up to 64 times lower MICs/MBCs than ethylic alcohol, if considered as standard, on all bacteria. Most susceptible bacteria were the Gram-positive cocci, including methicillin resistant S. aureus, while the most resistant was P. aeruginosa. With some exceptions, the best activity was achieved by micelles suspension of essential oils, with MICs and MBCs ranging from 0.1% to > 50% v/v. Only oregano and lavender aqueous extracts presented bactericidal activity and only on K. pneumoniae (MIC = 6.3%). Thyme, lemon and oregano oils present significantly lower overall average MICs for their micellar form than for their aqueous extracts. The present results may suggest some formulas of colloid or micelle suspensions of whole essential oils such as oregano, thyme or lemon oil, that may help in antimicrobial fight. Aqueous extracts of oregano or thyme oil with good antibacterial activity could also be used in selected cases.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of the volatile phase of essential oils and their constituents on Legionella pneumophila

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Lucia Bićanić ◽  
Silvestar Mežnarić ◽  
Ivana Gobin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Atypical Pneumonia ◽  
Pontiac Fever

Abstract Pathogenic bacteria of the genus Legionella cause atypical pneumonia known as Legionnaires’ disease and flu – like disease known as Pontiac fever. As pathogens of the respiratory system, these bacteria represent a public health problem and there is a need for examine new alternative ways to inactivate them. These bacteria live naturally in water and are transmitted by infectious aerosols. To purify the air, essential oils that show antimicrobial properties are widely used. The anti-Legionella activity of five exotic essential oils and five Mediterranean essential oils characteristic for coastal Croatia was examined. Model organism used in experiments was L. pneumophila (strain 130b). This experiment was conducting with modified version of sealed plate method using a BCYE medium. The exotic essential oil with highest anti-Legionella activity was Niaouli essential oil, and the best anti-Legionella activity among Mediterranean essential oils showed Immortelle essential oil. Anti- Legionella activity of four main chemical compounds was examined and compound that show significant highest anti-Legionella activity was α – pinene. Volatile components of essential oils have a great potential as anti-Legionella agents and further research are needed.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Semi-Processed Frozen Prickly Pear Juice as Affected by Cultivar and Harvest Time

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Palmeri ◽  
Lucia Parafati ◽  
Elena Arena ◽  
Emanuela Grassenio ◽  
Cristina Restuccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Prickly Pear ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

Consumer interest toward natural ingredients is creating a growing trend in the food industry and research for the development of natural products such as colorants, antimicrobials and antioxidants. Semi-processed frozen prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.) juices (PPJs), obtained from three cultivars with white, red and yellow pulp, with different harvest times (“Agostani” and “Bastardoni”), were characterized for betalains, total phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, antioxidant capacity (by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH)) and antimicrobial potential against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Through chemical assays, PPJs showed high contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids and betalains and marked antioxidant capacity. PPJs from the first harvest (“Agostani”) revealed the significantly highest amount of polyphenols in white cultivar and of betacyanin and betaxanthin in yellow and red cultivars; antioxidant capacity was significantly higher in “Agostani” PPJs than in “Bastardoni” ones. Regarding antimicrobial potential, all PPJs revealed good antibacterial activity, particularly against Salmonella enterica as evidenced by the widest inhibition haloes. These results encourage the suitability of the first flowering prickly pear fruits, with low market value as fresh fruit but with high nutritional features, to be processed as semi-finished product. In particular, its use as ingredient in foods with high risk of Salmonella contamination may act as a natural preservative.

Standardization of in-vitro methods for determination of antimicrobial properties of essential oils

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Rasooli ◽  
Horieh Saderi ◽  
Reza MohammadSalehi ◽  
Masoud Dadashi ◽  
Parviz Owlia
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Methods

Antimicrobial activity of Commercial essential oils on human pathogens

2021 ◽  
pp. 4440-4444
Author(s):  
B. R. Malathy ◽  
Sweetlin Ajitha P ◽  
Sangeetha K. S ◽  
Swetha Thampy ◽  
Kamala G
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Development Of Resistance

Essential oils (EOs) are natural extracts from the seeds, stems, roots, flowers, bark and other parts of the plant prepared by steam distillation. They are complex, volatile, natural compounds formed by aromatic plants as secondary metabolites. They are known for their bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, sedative, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, spasmolytic and locally anesthetic properties. They are generally composed of a combination of substances like terpenes, phenolics, aldehydes or alcohols. The complex composition and different mechanisms of action of EOs may be an advantage over other antimicrobials to prevent the development of resistance of pathogenic bacteria. With this background, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of five essential oils like basil, lime, rosemary, thyme and canada balsam against 14 microbes. The effects of essential oil on the selected microbes were determined by agar well diffusion method. The zone of inhibition was observed and measured in millimeter. Essential oils which showed inhibitory diameter >15 mm were further tested to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). S. aureus, E. coli, S. mutans, S. sanguinis, C. albicans and M. furfur were inhibited by all essential oils. K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and E .faecalis were inhibited only by thyme and not by other essential oils. The MIC values ranged from 50% to 0.10%. The least MIC value of 0.10% was shown by thyme and basil to S. aureus, thyme to E.coli and all essential oils against C. albicans except lime.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Properties of Plant Essential Oils against Human Pathogens and Their Mode of Action: An Updated Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallappa Kumara Swamy ◽  
Mohd Sayeed Akhtar ◽  
Uma Rani Sinniah
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes

A wide range of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) have been explored for their essential oils in the past few decades. Essential oils are complex volatile compounds, synthesized naturally in different plant parts during the process of secondary metabolism. Essential oils have great potential in the field of biomedicine as they effectively destroy several bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. The presence of different types of aldehydes, phenolics, terpenes, and other antimicrobial compounds means that the essential oils are effective against a diverse range of pathogens. The reactivity of essential oil depends upon the nature, composition, and orientation of its functional groups. The aim of this article is to review the antimicrobial potential of essential oils secreted from MAPs and their possible mechanisms of action against human pathogens. This comprehensive review will benefit researchers who wish to explore the potential of essential oils in the development of novel broad-spectrum key molecules against a broad range of drug-resistant pathogenic microbes.

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro efficacy of eight essential oils as antibacterial agents against pathogenic bacteria isolated from pet-turtles

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
BCJ De Silva ◽  
S. Hossain ◽  
SHMP Wimalasena ◽  
HNKS Pathirana ◽  
PS Dahanayake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria

Essential oils are plant extracts that have been used for their antimicrobial properties for centuries. The keeping of turtles as pets exhibits a growing trend worldwide but these animals are known to harbour a range of pathogenic bacteria. In the current study, we assessed eight essential oils as alternative antibacterial agents against nine species of pet turtle-borne Gram-negative bacteria, namely Aeromonas caviae, A. dhakensis, A. hydrophila, Citrobacter freundii, Morganella morganii, Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica. Except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, all other bacterial species showed high susceptibility to six essential oils, namely oregano, cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, lavender and eucalyptus oils in descending order of efficacy. Minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations values of the essential oils against all tested species except for P. aeruginosa showed low heterogeneity, showing that these essential oils can effectively control the growth of nearly all the tested. However, most of the tested bacteria were multiple-antibiotic-resistant as determined in the antibiotic disc diffusion test, with multiple-antibiotic-resistant index values of ≥ 0.2 for most of the strains. Therefore, with regards to their in vitro activity in controlling growth of multi-drug resistant bacteria, we can classify oregano, cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, lavender and eucalyptus essential oils as effective antibacterial agents. Thus, prospective application of these essential oils in controlling and treating these bacteria should be considered.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Myrcia alagoensis (Myrtaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline do N. Silva ◽  
Ana Paula T. Uetanabaro ◽  
Angélica M. Lucchese
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
North Eastern

The chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils obtained from fresh and dried leaves of Myrcia alagoensis O. Berg, collected in a secondary forest remnant in north-eastern Brazil, was compared. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh and dried leaves, and analysed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The antimicrobial properties of the oils were investigated against five bacteria by determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The essential oils were rich in cyclic sesquiterpenes, such as germacrene B, with antibiotic action against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The drying process after collection interfered with the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the assessed samples.

scholarly journals Bioactive Properties of Nanofibres Based on Concentrated Collagen Hydrolysate Loaded with Thyme and Oregano Essential Oils

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Daniela Berechet ◽  
Carmen Gaidau ◽  
Aleksandra Miletic ◽  
Branka Pilic ◽  
Maria Râpă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysate ◽  
Oregano Oil ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Fibroblastic Cells

This research aimed to obtain biocompatible and antimicrobial nanofibres based on concentrated collagen hydrolysate loaded with thyme or oregano essential oils as a natural alternative to synthesis products. The essential oils were successfully incorporated using electrospinning process into collagen resulting nanofibres with diameter from 471 nm to 580 nm and porous structure. The presence of essential oils in collagen nanofibre mats was confirmed by Attenuated Total Reflectance -Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–VIS) and antimicrobial activity. Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy analyses allowed evaluating the morphology and constituent elements of the nanofibre networks. Microbiological tests performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans showed that the presence of essential oils supplemented the new collagen nanofibres with antimicrobial properties. The biocompatibility of collagen and collagen with essential oils was assessed by in vitro cultivation with NCTC clone 929 of fibroblastic cells and cell viability measurement. The results showed that the collagen and thyme or oregano oil composites have no cytotoxicity up to concentrations of 1000 μg·mL−1 and 500 μg mL−1, respectively. Optimization of electrospinning parameters has led to the obtaining of new collagen electrospun nanofibre mats loaded with essential oils with potential use for wound dressings, tissue engineering or protective clothing.

scholarly journals Polyphenol Rich Sugar Cane Extract Inhibits Bacterial Growth

PRILOZI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Fatah B Ahtesh ◽  
Lily Stojanovska ◽  
Jack Feehan ◽  
Maximilian PJ de Courten ◽  
Matthew Flavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Environmental Pathogens

AbstractPlants that are primarily used as a food source commonly have undervalued biological properties beyond the basic supply of nutrients. One important example of this are the antimicrobial properties of plants. Inclusion of natural and food grade antimicrobial ingredients in recipes to prevent food spoilage and disease transmission, or in cosmetic products to prevent transient and pathogenic bacteria would have world-wide public health implications. A patented natural polyphenol rich sugar cane extract (PRSE), is marketed as a high anti-oxidant and polyphenol ingredient, but its anti-microbial activity has not been reported previously. We determined the anti-bacterial properties of PRSE on common human pathogens relating to a range of diseases including food poisoning, tooth decay, acne and severe skin infections using disc/well diffusion experiments. Our findings indicate that PRSE is an efficient antimicrobial, which could be included at differing dosages to target a range of food borne and environmental pathogens.

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