Effective Degradation of Gluten and Its Fragments by Gluten-Specific Peptidases: A Review on Application for the Treatment of Patients with Gluten Sensitivity

To date, there is no effective treatment for celiac disease (CD, gluten enteropathy), an autoimmune disease caused by gluten-containing food. Celiac patients are supported by a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). However, in some cases GFD does not negate gluten-induced symptoms. Many patients with CD, despite following such a diet, retain symptoms of active disease due to high sensitivity even to traces of gluten. In addition, strict adherence to GFD reduces the quality of life of patients, as often it is difficult to maintain in a professional or social environment. Various pharmacological treatments are being developed to complement GFD. One promising treatment is enzyme therapy, involving the intake of peptidases with food to digest immunogenic gluten peptides that are resistant to hydrolysis due to a high prevalence of proline and glutamine amino acids. This narrative review considers the features of the main proline/glutamine-rich proteins of cereals and the conditions that cause the symptoms of CD. In addition, we evaluate information about peptidases from various sources that can effectively break down these proteins and their immunogenic peptides, and analyze data on their activity and preliminary clinical trials. Thus far, the data suggest that enzyme therapy alone is not sufficient for the treatment of CD but can be used as a pharmacological supplement to GFD.

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Musical Anhedonia

Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie ◽

10.1024/1016-264x/a000292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 62-68

Author(s):

Sara E. Holm ◽

Alexander Schmidt ◽

Christoph J. Ploner

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Nucleus Accumbens ◽

Brain Damage ◽

Parietal Cortex ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Precise Information ◽

Exact Localization ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract. Some people, although they are perfectly healthy and happy, cannot enjoy music. These individuals have musical anhedonia, a condition which can be congenital or may occur after focal brain damage. To date, only a few cases of acquired musical anhedonia have been reported in the literature with lesions of the temporo-parietal cortex being particularly important. Even less literature exists on congenital musical anhedonia, in which impaired connectivity of temporal brain regions with the Nucleus accumbens is implicated. Nonetheless, there is no precise information on the prevalence, causes or exact localization of both congenital and acquired musical anhedonia. However, the frequent involvement of temporo-parietal brain regions in neurological disorders such as stroke suggest the possibility of a high prevalence of this disorder, which leads to a considerable reduction in the quality of life.

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Features of Thrombi and Diagnostic Accuracy of Impedance Plethysmography in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Deep Vein Thrombosis

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1649563 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 70 (02) ◽

pp. 266-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Giancarlo Agnelli ◽

Benilde Cosmi ◽

Stefano Radicchia ◽

Franca Veschi ◽

Enrico Boschetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Impedance Plethysmography ◽

Surveillance Programme ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The Mean ◽

Deep Vein

SummaryImpedance plethysmography (IPG) has high sensitivity and specificity in patients with symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) while it fails to detect asymptomatic DVT. The aim of this study was to determine whether the features of thrombi such as location, size and occlusiveness could explain the different accuracy of IPG in symptomatic and asymptomatic DVT patients. One-hundred and seventeen consecutive outpatients with a clinical suspicion of DVT and 246 consecutive patients undergoing hip surgery were admitted to the study. In symptomatic patients IPG was performed on the day of referral, followed by venography, while in asymptomatic patients IPG was performed as a surveillance programme, followed by bilateral venography.A venography proved DVT was observed in 37% of the symptomatic patients and 34% of the asymptomatic limbs. A significantly higher proportion of proximal DVTs was found in symptomatic patients than in asymptomatic patients (78% vs 46%; p = 0.001). The mean Marder score, taken as an index of thrombus size, was significantly higher in symptomatic patients than in asymptomatic patients (19.0 vs 9.6; p = 0.0001). A significantly higher proportion of occlusive DVTs was observed in symptomatic than in asymptomatic patients (69% vs 36%; p = 0.001).We conclude that the unsatisfactory diagnostic accuracy of IPG in asymptomatic DVT is due to the high prevalence of distal, small and non occlusive thrombi. Such thrombi are unlikely to cause a critical obstruction of the venous outflow and therefore to produce a positive IPG.

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Menopausal hormone therapy and uterine cancer: the acceptability of the tandem

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/20795696.2018.6.180113 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 42-47

Author(s):

O V Yakushevskaya ◽

S V Yureneva ◽

A E Protasova ◽

G N Khabas ◽

M R Dumanovskaya

Keyword(s):

Hormone Therapy ◽

Uterine Cancer ◽

Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽

Medical Rehabilitation ◽

Cytostatic Treatment ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Strict Adherence ◽

Patient Profile ◽

The Past

The aim of the work is to conduct a systematic analysis of the available research results on the possibility of using menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in patients who successfully completed the treatment of endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and methods. The review includes data from foreign articles published in PubMed and Medline, and domestic works published on elibrary.ru over the past 40 years. Results. The results obtained allow us to consider MHT as an independent method of medical rehabilitation for women who have undergone EC. A clear patient profile should be established, allowing the use of this method, with strict adherence to health monitoring. Conclusion Patients who have successfully completed the treatment of EC require the creation of special rehabilitation conditions in the interests of maintaining health and quality of life and should be under the close attention of the doctor. Argumented approaches to the appointment of MHT in such patients will avoid complications associated with estrogen deficiency after surgery, radiation with or without systemic (cytostatic) treatment methods.

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Analysis of the monitoring study of the antibiotic-resistance of the agents of purulent-inflammatory processes of soft tissue

Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University ◽

10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2018-22(2)-10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 285-288

Author(s):

A.P. Prevar ◽

A.V. Kryzshanovskaya ◽

V.A. Radionov ◽

V.M. Mrug

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissues ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Drugs ◽

Strict Adherence ◽

E Coli ◽

Monitoring Study ◽

Treatment Measures ◽

Inflammatory Processes ◽

Main Factor

The main factor in the treatment of suppurative and inflammatory processes is the timely optimization of treatment measures taking into account the nature of the microflora and its susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs. The purpose of the study is to monitor the spectrum of microorganisms – pathogens of purulent-inflammatory processes of soft tissues in surgical patients; study of the sensitivity of isolated strains to antibiotics. The material was collected in accordance with aseptic rules. The identification of a pure culture of bacteria was carried out according to morphological, culture, biochemical properties, and the presence of virulence enzymes. Sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics was determined by the standard disks method (by Kirby-Bauer’s). 255 patients with purulent-inflammatory processes of soft tissues were examined for the period from 2014 to 2017. 229 strains of isolated bacteria were included to Escherichia coli, Citrobacer freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, E.aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, S.epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, S.viridians, S.agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The main cause of purulent-inflammatory processes of soft tissues is Staphylococci (67,2%). Compared to previous studies, the number of P.aeruginosa isolated cultures increased (7.9%). In monoculture and in association with other microorganisms, E. coli (9.6% of cases), E.cloacae et aerogenes (3.9% of cases), P.vulgaris (3.9% of cases), C.freundi (2.5% of cases), S.agalactiae, S.pyogenes, S.viridans (3.5%). The number of associated sows reaches 12%. Clinical strains of microorganisms remain most sensitive to fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, and also retains high sensitivity to gentamicin, lincomycin, rifampicin, which is important for empirical antibiotic therapy. To increase the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy, strict adherence to the mode of appointment of antibiotics, justification of indications, a combination of antibiotics of different spectrum of action, mandatory correction after determining the sensitivity of the pathogen.

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The experience of using a diode laser in the herpes labial treatment

Periodontology ◽

10.33925/1683-3759-2020-25-1-43-46 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 43-46

Author(s):

S. L. Blashkova ◽

E. V. Krikun ◽

Yu. V. Fazylova ◽

Yu. V. Blashkova

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Allergic Reactions ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Dental Diseases ◽

Simplex Virus

Relevance. The relevance of the problem is in the high prevalence of the herpes simplex virus. According to WHO, nearly 90% of the population are carriers. Relapses can occur several times a year, which leads to disability and impairs the quality of life. Currently, there are a large number of drugs for general and local treatment. However, they are toxic and can cause allergic reactions. In recent years, a large number of studies have been devoted to the use of lasers in the treatment of dental diseases. Therefore, the question of the use of a laser in the treatment of herpetic lesions of the oral cavity remains relevant.Purpose. The research purpose was to determine the effectiveness of the use of a diode laser in the treatment of herpetic lesions of the lips.Materials and methods. We conducted a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the use of a diode laser in monotherapy of herpetic lip lesions in 18 patients. The comparison group consisted of 18 patients, in the local treatment of which antiviral ointments were used.Results. The results of the study showed that the use of a diode laser can reduce treatment time, accelerate the epithelization of foci.Conclusion. The results of our study allow us to recommend the use of a diode laser in the complex treatment of herpetic lesions of the oral cavity.

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ASSECSSING MOCA TEST IN SUBACUTE STROKE PATIENTS AND COMPARE MOCA VERSUS MMSE

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2016.2.17 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 120-127

Author(s):

Dinh Toan Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Human Life ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Age ◽

Subacute Stroke ◽

Duration Of Illness ◽

Dsm Iv

Background: Dementia after stroke, particularly subacute period is often overlooked. Today the quality of human life is increasingly high, finding scales that have high value for detection of dementia in patients with stroke is increasingly interested. MoCA test is high sensitivity with mild dementia and identify more abnormalities of awareness caused by vascular, but MoCA have not been studied much in Vietnam. Objective: Assessing MoCA test in subacute stroke patients and compare MoCA versus MMSE in these patients. Subjects: 90 patients with subacute stroke period, these people are being treated at Department of cardiovascular internal medicine at Hue Central Hospital, from 7/2014 - 7/2015. Methods: cross-sectional description and analysis. Results: The mean age is 65.57 ± 13.38, accounting for 54.4% male and 45.6% female. Age, duration of illness has weak correlation with MoCA. The risk factors: hypertension, stroke ischemic transient, alcoholism, smoking, heart disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia related no statistical significance with MoCA. The proportion of dementia in subacute stroke according MoCA is 82.2%. The concordance between MoCA and MMSE was good (kappa = 0.684). Using DSM-IV criteria as the gold standard we found MoCA more valuable in the dementia diagnosis than MMSE (AUC 0.864 versus 0.774, p <0.05). Conclusion: The rate of dementia in stroke subacute period according MoCA is quite high. MoCA is valuable than MMSE in detecting dementia in patients with stroke subacute period, this scale is short, easy to implement so should put into using widely in clinical practice. Key words: MoCA test, subacute stroke, dementia

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Neglected femoral neck fractures in cerebral palsy: a narrative review

EFORT Open Reviews ◽

10.1302/2058-5241.5.190019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 58-64

Author(s):

Giuseppe Toro ◽

Antimo Moretti ◽

Marco Paoletta ◽

Annalisa De Cicco ◽

Adriano Braile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Femoral Neck ◽

Motor Function ◽

Treatment Options ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Fibular Graft ◽

Motor Impairments ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Neck Fracture

Hip fractures are severe conditions with a high morbidity and mortality, especially when the diagnosis is delayed, and if formulated over 30 days after the injury, is termed a ‘neglected femoral neck fracture’ (NFNF). Cerebral palsy (CP) is probably one of the major risk factors for NFNF in Western countries, mainly because of both cognitive and motor impairments. However, considering the high prevalence of fractures in these patients, the incidence of NFNF in this population is probably underestimated, and this condition might result in persistent hip or abdominal pain. Several techniques are available for the treatment of NFNF (i.e. muscle pedicle bone graft, fixation with fibular graft, valgisation osteotomy), but most of them could affect motor function. Motor function must be preserved for as long as possible, in order to enhance the quality of life of CP patients. After discussing published NFNF cases in CP patients and available treatment options, a practical approach is proposed to facilitate the orthopaedic surgeon to both early identify and appropriately manage these challenging fractures. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:58-64. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190019

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Thermal Physics and Glaucoma II: Preliminary Evidences for a Thermophysical Design of a Possible Visible-Light-Photons Therapy

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11146301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (14) ◽

pp. 6301

Author(s):

Giulia Grisolia ◽

Mariarosa Astori ◽

Antonio Ponzetto ◽

Antonio Vercesi ◽

Umberto Lucia

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Thermodynamic Approach ◽

Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽

Pharmacological Treatments ◽

Light Stimulation ◽

Cell Behaviour ◽

Thermal Physics ◽

Starting Point

Recently, a non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach has been developed in order to model the fundamental role of the membrane electric potential in the cell behaviour. A related new viewpoint is introduced, with a design of a photobiomodulation treatment in order to restore part of the visual field. Here, a first step in experimental evidence of the validity of the thermodynamic approach is developed. This result represents the starting point for future experimental improvements for light stimulation in order to improve the quality of life of the patients. The future possible therapy will be in addition to the pharmacological treatments.

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Symptom Burden of Patients with Advanced Pancreas Cancer (APC): A Provincial Cancer Institute Observational Study

Current Oncology ◽

10.3390/curroncol28040244 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 2789-2800

Author(s):

Stephanie Lelond ◽

Julie Ward ◽

Pascal J. Lambert ◽

Christina A. Kim

Keyword(s):

Cox Regression ◽

Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Symptom Burden ◽

Distress Score ◽

Ambulatory Oncology ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Associated Symptoms ◽

Report Symptom

Patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) experience many disease-related symptoms. ESAS-r measures the severity of 9 symptom domains and has been validated for use in the ambulatory oncology setting. We aimed to describe symptom burden at baseline for patients with APC treated with modern chemotherapy (CT), and to determine whether symptom burden at baseline is prognostic. Patients diagnosed with APC between 2012–2016, treated with ≥1 cycle of CT, who completed ≥1 ESAS-r were identified. Descriptive statistics were used to report symptom burden and common moderate-to-severe symptoms. A joint model was used to describe the trajectory of ESAS-r during follow-up while controlling for death. Multivariable Cox regression was used to identify independent predictors of death. Of 123 patients identified, the median age was 65 and 61% had metastatic disease. The median baseline ESAS-r total symptom distress score (TSDS) was 24. A total of 86% of patients had at least one symptom score of ≥4 at baseline, with the most common being: fatigue, nausea, anxiety, and shortness of breath. Median overall survival was 10.2 months. Baseline TSDS was not predictive for worse survival in the era of modern CT. Patients with APC have a high burden of cancer-associated symptoms and a high prevalence of moderate-to-severe symptoms. Early intervention has the potential to improve quality of life in this group of patients and should be investigated.

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AB0050 A NOVEL METHOD FOR ISOLATION OF EXOSOMES FROM SYNOVIAL FLUID

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1996 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1057.2-1057

Author(s):

Y. Liu ◽

Y. Huang ◽

Q. Huang ◽

S. Sun ◽

Z. Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Synovial Fluid ◽

Western Blot ◽

Biological Fluid ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Protein Distribution ◽

Sds Page ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Novel Method ◽

Low Levels

Background:Exosomes in synovial fluid (SF) has a close relationship with the pathogenesis of rheumatiod arthritis. As a complex biological fluid, SF presents challenges for exosomes isolation using standard methods, such as ExoquickTM kit and ultracentrifugation.Objectives:The study aims to compared the quality of exosomes separated by ExoquickTM kit (TM), ExoquickTM kit+ExoquickTC kit (TM-TC), ultracentrifugation (UC) and TM-TC+UC(TM-TC-UC) from SF.Methods:Exosomes was separated by TM, TM-TC, UC and TM-TC-UC respectively. The size and concentrations of exosomes were detected by high sensitivity flow cytometry for nanoparticle analysis. Total protein and RNA were extracted from exosomes. SDS-PAGE was used to detect the protein distribution of exosomes. Western blot was used to examine the level of albumin and exosomes marker (TSG101 and CD81).Results:There was no statistic difference in the diameters of exosomes separated by the four methods. The concentrations of exosomes in TM, TM-TC, TM-TC-UC and UC were (5.65±0.93), (3.02±1.19), (1.67±0.25) and (4.61±0.73) *109Particles/mL. The protein concentrations of exosomes separated by the four methods were consistent with the concentrations of exosomes. SDS-PAGE showed that the protein distribution of exosomes separated by the four methods were different. Low levels of albumin were detected in TM-TC and TM-TC-UC, while high levels of albumin in TM and UC. Total RNA concentrations from exosomes in TM-TC was higher than other groups.Conclusion:TM-TC can be used to obtain higher quality exosomes from SF for the study of exosome-enriched components.References:[1]Helwa I, et al, A Comparative Study of Serum Exosome Isolation Using Differential Ultracentrifugation and Three Commercial Reagents. PloS one, 2017. 12(1): p. e0170628-e0170628.Figure 1.A: SDS-PAGE showed the protein distribution of exosomes; B: the detection of albumin, TSG101 and CD81 by western blot.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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