scholarly journals Magnetofection In Vivo by Nanomagnetic Carriers Systemically Administered into the Bloodstream

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1927
Author(s):  
Artem A. Sizikov ◽  
Petr I. Nikitin ◽  
Maxim P. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Magnetic Nanostructures ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Systemic Injection ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Nanoparticle-based technologies are rapidly expanding into many areas of biomedicine and molecular science. The unique ability of magnetic nanoparticles to respond to the magnetic field makes them especially attractive for a number of in vivo applications including magnetofection. The magnetofection principle consists of the accumulation and retention of magnetic nanoparticles carrying nucleic acids in the area of magnetic field application. The method is highly promising as a clinically efficient tool for gene delivery in vivo. However, the data on in vivo magnetofection are often only descriptive or poorly studied, insufficiently systematized, and sometimes even contradictory. Therefore, the aim of the review was to systematize and analyze the data that influence the in vivo magnetofection processes after the systemic injection of magnetic nanostructures. The main emphasis is placed on the structure and coating of the nanomagnetic vectors. The present problems and future trends of the method development are also considered.

scholarly journals Two-Phase Biofluid Flow Model for Magnetic Drug Targeting

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Boutopoulos ◽  
Dimitrios S. Lampropoulos ◽  
George C. Bourantas ◽  
Karol Miller ◽  
Vassilios C. Loukopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Targeting ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Magnetic Drug Targeting ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Magnetic drug targeting (MDT) is a noninvasive method for the medical treatment of various diseases of the cardiovascular system. Biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles loaded with medicinal drugs are carried to a tissue target in the human body (in vivo) under the applied magnetic field. The present study examines the MDT technique in various microchannels geometries by adopting the principles of biofluid dynamics (BFD). The blood flow is considered as laminar, pulsatile and the blood as an incompressible and non-Newtonian fluid. A two-phase model is adopted to resolve the blood flow and the motion of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The numerical results are obtained by utilizing a meshless point collocation method (MPCM) alongside with the moving least squares (MLS) approximation. The numerical results are verified by comparing with published numerical results. We investigate the effect of crucial parameters of MDT, including (1) the volume fraction of nanoparticles, (2) the location of the magnetic field, (3) the strength of the magnetic field and its gradient, (4) the way that MNPs approach the targeted area, and (5) the bifurcation angle of the vessel.

In Vitro Evaluation of Capturing and Dissolving the Clot by Magnetic Nanoparticles Carrying a Thrombolytic Agents Instead of Temporary Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1623-1632
Author(s):  
Abbas Moghanizadeh ◽  
Fakhreddin Ashrafizadeh ◽  
Jaleh Varshousaz ◽  
Mahshid Kharaziha
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Thrombolytic Agents ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Different Levels

This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of a novel in vitro technique in clot capturing and dissolving them by applying magnetic force on magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) carrying thrombolytic agents. It is a quick and simple method to protect patients from a life-threatening pulmonary embolism in an emergency to provide time for the medical team. To analyze the in vitro efficiency of nano-magnetic capturing and dissolving of clots (NCDC), different levels of process parameter including strength magnetic field (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 T) and fluid flow rate (2.5, 5 and 7 l/min) are exposed to different blood clots sizes from 5 × 10 to 20 × 10 mm2 (length × diameter), in an in vitro flow model. The results show that by increasing the parameters to their maximum values, it is possible to immobilize 100% of the clots and dissolve around 61.4% of clots weight. In addition, the clot-dissolving is directly proportional to the magnetic field strength. NCDC is an efficient technique in immobilizing and dissolving the clots and its efficiency depends on process parameters especially the magnetic field.

scholarly journals Remote manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles using magnetic field gradient to promote cancer cell death

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendran Subramanian ◽  
Arkadiusz Miaskowski ◽  
Stuart Iain Jenkins ◽  
Jenson Lim ◽  
Jon Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Field Gradient ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Magnetic Field Gradient ◽  
Field Source ◽  
Remote Manipulation ◽  
Cancer Cell Death ◽  
The Magnetic Field

AbstractThe manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) using an external magnetic field, has been demonstrated to be useful in various biomedical applications. Some techniques have evolved utilizing this non-invasive external stimulus but the scientific community widely adopts few, and there is an excellent potential for more novel methods. The primary focus of this study is on understanding the manipulation of MNPs by a time-varying static magnetic field and how this can be used, at different frequencies and displacement, to manipulate cellular function. Here we explore, using numerical modeling, the physical mechanism which underlies this kind of manipulation, and we discuss potential improvements which would enhance such manipulation with its use in biomedical applications, i.e., increasing the MNP response by improving the field parameters. From our observations and other related studies, we infer that such manipulation depends mostly on the magnetic field gradient, the magnetic susceptibility and size of the MNPs, the magnet array oscillating frequency, the viscosity of the medium surrounding MNPs, and the distance between the magnetic field source and the MNPs. Additionally, we demonstrate cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells in vitro. This was induced by incubation with MNPs, followed by exposure to a magnetic field gradient, physically oscillating at various frequencies and displacement amplitudes. Even though this technique reliably produces MNP endocytosis and/or cytotoxicity, a better biophysical understanding is required to develop the mechanism used for this precision manipulation of MNPs, in vitro.

BIREFRINGENCE AND MAGNETO-OPTICAL PROPERTIES IN OLEIC ACID COATED Fe3O4 NANOPARTICLES: APPLICATION FOR OPTICAL SWITCH

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
SI-HUA XIA ◽  
JUN WANG ◽  
ZHANG-XIAN LU ◽  
FEIYAN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticle ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Nanoparticle Chains ◽  
The Magnetic Field

We report magneto-optical properties in a kerosene colloidal suspension of oleic acid coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (~14 nm). The magnetic colloids (fluids) show birefringence under a magnetic field. Systematical studies of the on–off switch times upon application of the on–off magnetic field with varied experimental parameters indicate that the switch response time depends strongly on the strength of the magnetic field and the concentration of the magnetic nanoparticles in the fluid. The data can be explained in terms of the formation of magnetic nanoparticle chains under a magnetic field. The important magneto-optical properties of the magnetic fluids allow us to design a tunable optical switch.

Targeting Magnetic Nanoparticles in High Magnetic Fields for Drug Delivery Purposes

2004 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Asmatulu ◽  
Richard.O. Claus ◽  
Judy S. Riffle ◽  
Michael Zalich
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Magnetic Guidance ◽  
The Magnetic Field

AbstractBiodegradable magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized using Poly(L-Lactic Acid) and magnetite nanoparticles (∼14 nm) at different dosages, and then these nanaoparticles (nanocomposites) and pure magnetic particles were targeted in external magnetic fields by changing the test parameters. The magnetic field test results showed that magnetic saturation, fluid speed, magnetic field distance and particle size were extremely effective for a magnetic guidance system that is needed for an effective drug delivery approach. Thus, it is assumed that such nanoparticles can carry drugs (chemotherapy) to be able to cure cancer tumors as well as many other diseases.

Field-Induced Columnar and Bent-Wall-Like Patterns in a Ferrofluid Emulsion

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (14n16) ◽  
pp. 2093-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Flores ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
M. Mohebi ◽  
N. Jamasbi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Structural Transitions ◽  
Tuning Parameters ◽  
Average Complexity ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Field Application

Using optical microscopy, we studied magnetic-field-induced structures in a confined ferrofluid emulsion. Disks, "worms" and branch-like patterns are observed in 2-D, reflecting columnar, bent-wall-like and labyrinthine structures in 3-D. These structures are controlled by varying either the thickness of the cell used to confine the sample, the particle concentration, or the rate of the magnetic field application. The induced structures are characterized by both the ratio of "worms" vs. total aggregates and the average complexity of the aggregates. "Phase" diagrams are obtained between these tuning parameters to characterize columnar to bent-wall structural transitions.

Magnetic Assistance for Suppressing Cross-Reactions Between Biomolecules in Immunoassay

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Yih Hong ◽  
Shieh-Yueh Yang ◽  
Herng-Er Horng ◽  
Hong-Chang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Centrifugal Force ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Cross Reactions ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Alternative Current ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Current Magnetic Field

A method involving the use of magnetic nanoparticles to suppress the cross-reactions in immunoassay is developed. Antibodies are coated onto magnetic nanoparticles. These antibodies bind with target and non-target molecules. Once an alternative-current magnetic field is applied, magnetic nanoparticles oscillate with the magnetic field. The target and non-target molecules attached onto magnetic nanoparticles via antibodies experience a centrifugal force, which is against the association between antibodies and target/non-target molecules. Theoretically, the centrifugal force is proportional to the square of the frequency of the applied magnetic field. Thus, the strength of the centrifugal force can be manipulated by changing the frequency of the applied magnetic field. By well controlling the frequency of applied magnetic field, the centrifugal force can be stronger than the binding between antibodies and non-target molecules, but still weaker than that of target molecules. Consequently, the binding between antibodies and non-target molecules is broken by the centrifugal force.

Hydrodynamic Behavior of Magnetic Nanocomposite Spheres Under Magnetic Fields

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Wamocha ◽  
R. Asmatulu ◽  
T. S. Ravigururajan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Magnetic Nanocomposite ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hydrodynamic Behavior ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Pump Speed ◽  
In Vivo Tests ◽  
The Magnetic Field

In the present study, drug carrying magnetic nanocomposite spheres were fabricated using oil-in-oil emulsion/solvent evaporation method and characterized via different techniques. The spheres with a diameter of 200 nm and 3 μm consist of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), a drug and magnetic nanoparticles (e.g., Fe3O4 or Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4). The spheres were initially dispersed in both deionized (DI) water and viscous glycerol solutions, and pumped in a magnetic field at different tube diameters, pump speeds and concentrations to study the hydrodynamic behavior of drug-carrying magnetic nanocomposite spheres. The test results showed that the magnetic field, tube diameter, pump speed and magnetic nanoparticle concentrations in the spheres drastically changed the capturing efficiency of the spheres. In the in vivo tests of the spheres, these parameters should be considered in order to increase the efficiency of the drug delivery systems.

Oscillatory Angular Dependence of Exchange Bias for Epitaxial NiO-Co (001) Bilayers

2001 ◽  
Vol 674 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dubourg ◽  
J.F. Bobo ◽  
B. Warot ◽  
E. Snoeck ◽  
J.C. Ousset
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Exchange Bias ◽  
Magnetic Hysteresis ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Zero Field ◽  
Sign Change ◽  
Realistic Description ◽  
Sputter Deposited ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACTWe have sputter-deposited NiO-Co bilayers on MgO (001) substrates. NiO grows epitaxially on MgO at 900°C and subsequently the room deposited 80 Åthick Co films have a fcc crystal structure in epitaxy with the oxide underlayer. These samples were warmed up to 300° C and then zero-field or field cooled through the NiO Néel temperature (a 300 Oe magnetic field was applied along the [100] or the [110] MgO axis). Magnetic hysteresis loops were obtained by magneto-optical Kerr effect, the magnetic field being oriented in the plane of the substrate for various angles α with respect to the [100] direction. The usually expected behavior for such experiments is a smooth angular α dependence of the exchange bias HE close to a cosine with only one sign change over 180°. The high crystallographic coherence of our NiO/Co bilayers induces a very unusual oscillatory HE (α) dependence with several sign changes according to the NiO axis field application. Despite of the Co magnetization switching mechanism which is not a pure coherent rotation, we propose a Stoner-Wohlfhart model including four fold anisotropy and unidirectional exchange anisotropy giving a realistic description of these typical magnetic properties.

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