Totipotency of Daucus carota L. Somatic Cells Microencapsulated Using Spray Drying Technology

The carrot is considered a model system in plant cell culture. Spray drying represents a widely used technology to preserve microorganisms, such as bacteria and yeasts. In germplasm conservation, the most used methods are freeze drying and cryopreservation. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of spray drying on the viability and totipotency of somatic carrot cells. Leaf, root and stem explants were evaluated to induce callus with 2 mg/L of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Calli obtained from the stem were cultivated in a liquid medium with 1 mg/L of 2,4-D. Cell suspensions were spray dried with maltodextrin-gum Arabic and maltodextrin-xanthan gum mixtures, two outlet air temperatures (50 and 60 °C) and 120 °C inlet air temperature. Results showed that carrot cells were viable after spray drying, and this viability remained for six months at 8 °C. The totipotency of the microencapsulated cells was proven. Cells that were not spray dried regenerated 24.6 plantlets, while the spray dried cells regenerated 19 plantlets for each gram of rehydrated powder. Thus, spray drying allowed researchers to obtain viable and totipotent cells. This work is the first manuscript that reported the spray drying of plant somatic cells.

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Characterization of powder from the permeate of yacon extract by ultrafiltration and dehydrated by spray drying

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-70542016405013916 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 585-595 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marcela Lazzare Brites ◽

Stela Meister Meira ◽

Adriano Brandelli ◽

Caciano Zapata Noreña

Keyword(s):

Spray Drying ◽

Gum Arabic ◽

Drying Temperature ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Temperature Electron ◽

Uf Membranes ◽

Thermolysis Reaction

ABSTRACT Yacon root is a functional food which contains antioxidants and prebiotics compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical and prebiotic characteristics of a yacon extract powder obtained by ultrafiltration (UF) with membranes of 10 and 30 kDa and encapsulation of the resulting permeate by spray drying. Drying air temperatures of 140 and 160 ºC and concentrations of gum arabic of 10 and 15% were tested. The samples had solubility values greater than 90% while the hygroscopicity decreased with increasing gum concentration and drying temperature. Electron microscopy showed a strong tendency to agglomeration of smaller particles around the larger ones, mainly at a temperature of 140 ºC. Regarding color, the parameter L* showed that drying at 160 ºC produced darker samples and the parameters a* and b* indicated that all samples were greenish yellow. The concentration of inulin decreased during drying, whereas the levels of glucose and fructose increased due to the thermolysis reaction, which led to degradation of inulin chains at drying temperature. The permeates and retentates from the UF membranes had prebiotic activity, while only the encapsulated product from UF-30 membrane, metabolized by Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5(r), presented activity scores without significant difference to that of glucose.

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PROCESS SIMULATION OF PINEAPPLE JUICE SPRAY DRYING

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v75.5159 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aliyu Bello A. ◽

Arshad Ahmad ◽

Adnan Ripin

Keyword(s):

Spray Drying ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Transfer Model ◽

Mass Transfer Model ◽

Drying Process ◽

Pineapple Juice ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Heat Effects ◽

Spray Dried

Pineapple juice is one of the known natural sources of bromelain, a bioactive compound beneficial to health. The dried powder has potential commercial value and is a convenient source of the juice drink. The quality of spray dried pineapple juice is dependent on the powder moisture content. Spray dried pineapple powders with low moisture contents were produced in a lab-scale spray dryer in this study. Powder production of 25% of total solids were obtained by use of DE6 maltodextrin to solids ratio of 0.41:0.59. A heat and mass transfer model of the spray drying process was implemented in Matlab and solved to determine its predictive utility. The simulation results showed agreement with experimental data at high inlet air temperatures but widely diverged at other air temperatures. The error size in predicted product moisture varied from 73% at 165 oC to almost zero at 185 oC while that for the predicted exit air temperatures varied from about 38% to zero over the same temperature range. Accuracy can be improved if transient heat effects, and sub models for the feed drying are included in the model.

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Application of Spray-dried Microcapsules of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Seed Oil Enhances Quality of Mango Juice

The Open Agriculture Journal ◽

10.2174/1874331502115010001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Safaa S. Abozed ◽

Ghada M. Elaraby ◽

Hamdy A. Zahran

Keyword(s):

Spray Drying ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Gum Arabic ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Portulaca Oleracea ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽

Mango Juice ◽

Spray Dried

Introduction: Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) seeds oil are a non-traditional alpha-linolenic acid source (ALA), which is an omega-3 fatty acid. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory properties of mango juice fortified with purslane seed oil (PSO) microcapsules. Materials and Methods: Gum Arabic (GA) and maltodextrin, as wall-materials, were used in the microencapsulation of PSO by spray drying technique. The spray-dried microcapsules were added to the mango juice (200 mL) at the levels of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g, ALA. Physicochemical properties such as viscosity, total soluble solids (TSS), pH and titratable acidity were measured, as well as sensory evaluation, during 28 days' storage at 4.0 ±0.5°C. Results: Our study indicated that the microencapsulation of PSO by spray drying resulted in the best microencapsulation yield (85.17%) as well as the microencapsulation efficiency (77.40%). The pH and TSS of four juice samples ranged from 3.0 to 3.6 and from 18.8 to 19.1 Brix°, respectively. In addition to that, storage periods had no significant effect on them. Conclusion: According to the findings presented in this paper, it has been concluded that the nutritional value of mango juices was enhanced by the addition of microencapsulated PSO as a source of ω-3 fatty acids.

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Survival of Selected Organisms During Spray Drying of Skim Milk and Storage of Nonfat Dry Milk1

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-41.1.16 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 16-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

S. S. THOMPSON ◽

L. G. HARMON ◽

C. M. STINE

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Spray Drying ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Drying Temperature ◽

E Coli ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

And Storage ◽

Spray Dried

Pasteurized concentrated skim milk containing 35 to 40% total solids was inoculated with cultures of Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus flavus, or Escherichia coli to contain 1 × 106 organisms per g and spray-dried to determine the effect of exit air temperatures of 93.3, 82.2, and 71.1 C on survival of the organisms and moisture content of the finished product. The numbers of survivors increased as the drying temperature decreased. The percent survivors varied from 27.57 in the product made from milk inoculated with M. flavus and dried at 71.1 C to 0.02 in the product made from milk inoculated with E. coli and dried at 93.3 C. The organism most resistant to drying and most persistent during storage was B. subtilis, followed by M. flavus and E. coli, with the latter showing low survival during drying and abrupt die-off during the first 4 weeks of storage. The moisture content of the dry milks varied from 2.75 to 4.80% with low moisture associated with high drying temperature.

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Encapsulation of krill oil by spray drying

Proceedings of 21th International Drying Symposium ◽

10.4995/ids2018.2018.7323 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hirokazu Shiga ◽

S. Takashige ◽

A. Hermawan Dwi ◽

A. Sultana ◽

Shuji Adachi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spray Drying ◽

Oil Content ◽

Gum Arabic ◽

Sodium Caseinate ◽

Krill Oil ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Dextrose Equivalent ◽

Oil Droplet Size ◽

Spray Dried ◽

Quillaja Saponin

An oil from Pacific krill (Euphausia pacifica) has a high content of PUFAs and phospholipids. The sediment was formed with homogenization of krill oil and maltodextrin (MD; dextrose equivalent (DE) = 19) solution using sodium caseinate, gum arabic, hydrolyzed whey protein or modified starch as a surfactant. Quillaja saponin could form the emulsion without the sediment. MD (28.5 wt%) was solubilized with distiller water (50 wt%) and mixed with krill oil (20wt%) and Quillaja saponin (1.5 wt%). The homogenized solution was spray-dried using Okawara-L8 spray dryer with a centrifugal atomizer. Spray-dried powder was evaluated in the oil-droplet size and surface-oil content. Keywords: krill oil, emulsion, Quillaja saponin, spray drying, PUFAs

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Microencapsulation of Bioactive Compounds from Hibiscus Calyces Using Different Encapsulating Materials

International Journal of Food Engineering ◽

10.1515/ijfe-2017-0170 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alessandra Piovesana ◽

Caciano Pelayo Zapata Noreña

Keyword(s):

Spray Drying ◽

Freeze Drying ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Gum Arabic ◽

Spherical Shape ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Microscopy Analysis ◽

Powder Properties ◽

Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum ◽

Spray Dried

Abstract:Hibiscus calyces extract was microencapsulated by freeze drying and spray drying using partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), polydextrose (PD) or gum Arabic (GA) at 10 % as encapsulating agents. The retention of anthocyanins ranged from 59.8 to 64.6 % and from 66.4 to 74.3 %, and for antioxidant activity from 66.54 to 71.71 and 69.90 to 73.26 %, for spray-dried and for freeze-dried powders, respectively. The best result obtained, for the anthocyanins content, reducing capacity and ABTS, was for the powder produced by freeze drying using GA. Regarding physical powder properties, samples produced by spray drying using GA, followed by PHGG had the best results, with values of 95.80 and 95.20 %, 31.33 and 28.87 %, 17.43 and 10.96°C for solubility, hygroscopicity and Tg, respectively. Microscopy analysis also indicated that powders produced by spray drying using GA and PHGG had the best structures, showing particles of spherical shape and without agglomeration.

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MICROENCAPSULATION OF SHARK LIVER OIL POOL BY SPRAY DRYING

Latin American Applied Research - An international journal ◽

10.52292/j.laar.2018.264 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 89-93

Author(s):

C. M. GARCIA ◽

M. FERNANDEZ ◽

O. D. LOPEZ ◽

M. CASTIÑEIRA ◽

B. MARTINEZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Spray Drying ◽

Encapsulation Efficiency ◽

Gum Arabic ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Mix Design ◽

Reversed Phase Hplc ◽

Shark Liver Oil ◽

Spray Dried ◽

Main Factor

The aim of this paper is to study the spray-dried microencapsulation of shark liver oil using gum arabic and maltodextrin as encapsulating agents. A mix design, was developed where the main factor was the ratio between gum arabic and maltodextrin. Vitamin A content in microencapsulated and non-microencapsulated oil was determined by reversed-phase HPLC analysis, as well as the release of vitamin A from the dried product. The following parameters were also evaluated: encapsulation efficiency, loss on drying, surface morphology and particle size. The encapsulation efficiency of microencapsulated oil increased slightly as the concentration of gum increased. To reach higher encapsulation efficiency and lower moisture content of microencapsulated oil, the combination of gum arabic and maltodextrin should be maintained at 47% and 23%, respectively, according to established manufacturing conditions. The microencapsulation of oil by spray drying has no statistically significant effect on the vitamin A content response, or on its release rate.

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Optimization of Microcrystalline Cellulose PH 101, Lactose, and Kollidon® K 30 To Obtain Co-Processed Excipient Through Spray Drying

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v7i2.8921 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kusuma P. ◽

Syukri Y ◽

Sholehuddin F. ◽

Fazzri N. ◽

Romdhonah . ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spray Drying ◽

Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽

Chemical Change ◽

Direct Compression ◽

Flow Properties ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Compression Process ◽

Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽

Physical Mixtures ◽

Spray Dried

The most efficient tablet processing method is direct compression. For this method, the filler-binder can be made by coprocessing via spray drying method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spray dried co-processing on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 101, lactose and Kollidon® K 30 as well as to define the optimum proportions. Spray dried MCC PH 101, lactose, and Kollidon® K 30 were varied in 13 different mixture design proportions to obtain compact, free-flowing filler-binder co-processed excipients (CPE). Compactibility and flow properties became the key parameters to determine the optimum proportions of CPE that would be compared to their physical mixtures. The result showed that the optimum proportion of CPE had better compactibility and flow properties than the physical mixtures. The optimum CPE, consisting of only MCC PH 101 and Kollidon® K 30 without lactose, that were characterized using infrared spectrophotometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated no chemical change therein. Therefore, this study showed that spray dried MCC PH 101, lactose and Kollidon® K 30 could be one of the filler-binder alternatives for direct compression process.

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Physico-Chemical and In Vitro Characterization of Chitosan-Based Microspheres Intended for Nasal Administration

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13050608 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 608

Author(s):

Csilla Bartos ◽

Patrícia Varga ◽

Piroska Szabó-Révész ◽

Rita Ambrus

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Spray Drying ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Nasal Administration ◽

Drug Bioavailability ◽

Intranasal Application ◽

Spray Dried

The absorption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) through the nasal epithelium offers an innovative opportunity in the field of pain therapy. Thanks to the bonding of chitosan to the nasal mucosa and its permeability-enhancing effect, it is an excellent choice to formulate microspheres for the increase of drug bioavailability. The aim of our work includes the preparation of spray-dried cross-linked and non-cross-linked chitosan-based drug delivery systems for intranasal application, the optimization of spray-drying process parameters (inlet air temperature, pump rate), and the composition of samples. Cross-linked products were prepared by using different amounts of sodium tripolyphosphate. On top of these, the micrometric properties, the structural characteristics, the in vitro drug release, and the in vitro permeability of the products were studied. Spray-drying resulted in micronized chitosan particles (2–4 μm) regardless of the process parameters. The meloxicam (MEL)-containing microspheres showed nearly spherical habit, while MEL was present in a molecularly dispersed state. The highest dissolved (>90%) and permeated (~45 µg/cm2) MEL amount was detected from the non-cross-linked sample. Our results indicate that spray-dried MEL-containing chitosan microparticles may be recommended for the development of a novel drug delivery system to decrease acute pain or enhance analgesia by intranasal application.

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Staphylococcal Food Poisoning Associated with Spray-Dried Milk

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0022172400000899 ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 387-397 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

P. H. R. Anderson ◽

Doris M. Stone

Keyword(s):

Spray Drying ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Food Poisoning ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Drying Chamber ◽

Spray Dried

SummaryEight explosive outbreaks of food poisoning, occurring in school canteens in England during 1953 and affecting 1190 known cases, are described. The clinical features were characteristic of the toxin type of illness. No deaths occurred.The food causing all of these outbreaks was prepared from spray-dried skim milk powder. It was not subsequently heat-treated and was usually consumed 3–4 hr. after preparation.The spray-dried milk powder proved to contain a high content of bacteria, including large numbers of Staph. aureus, of a phage pattern often associated with food poisoning. The assumption was therefore made that these outbreaks were caused by staphylococcal enterotoxin.Because the food was often consumed within 3–4 hr. of reconstitution of the milk powder—before, in fact, the staphylococci had had time to grow—it is concluded that the poisoning must have been due mainly to pre-formed toxin.Consideration is given to the opportunities for the formation of toxin in a spray-drying plant, and reasons are brought forward for believing that it is formed mainly in the balance tank where the warm milk is kept, sometimes for several hours, before passing into the final drying chamber.The processing of the milk and the precautions for preventing contamination of the finished product are discussed.

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