scholarly journals Submicron-Sized Nanocomposite Magnetic-Sensitive Carriers: Controllable Organ Distribution and Biological Effects

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina V. Novoselova ◽  
Sergey V. German ◽  
Olga A. Sindeeva ◽  
Oleg A. Kulikov ◽  
Olga V. Minaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Magnetic Field Gradient ◽  
Organ Distribution ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Given

Although new drug delivery systems have been intensely developed in the past decade, no significant increase in the efficiency of drug delivery by nanostructure carriers has been achieved. The reasons are the lack of information about acute toxicity, the influence of the submicron size of the carrier and difficulties with the study of biodistribution in vivo. Here we propose, for the first time in vivo, new nanocomposite submicron carriers made of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tannic acid (TA) and containing magnetite nanoparticles with sufficient content for navigation in a magnetic field gradient on mice. We examined the efficacy of these submicron carriers as a delivery vehicle in combination with magnetite nanoparticles which were systemically administered intravenously. In addition, the systemic toxicity of this carrier for intravenous administration was explicitly studied. The results showed that (BSA/TA) carriers in the given doses were hemocompatible and didn’t cause any adverse effect on the respiratory system, kidney or liver functions. A combination of gradient-magnetic-field controllable biodistribution of submicron carriers with fluorescence tomography/MRI imaging in vivo provides a new opportunity to improve drug delivery efficiency.

Spectroscopic imaging of human disease

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 884-885
Author(s):  
D.J. Meyerhoff
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Field Gradient ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Magnetic Field Gradient ◽  
Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Tissue Water

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) observes tissue water in the presence of a magnetic field gradient to study morphological changes such as tissue volume loss and signal hyperintensities in human disease. These changes are mostly non-specific and do not appear to be correlated with the range of severity of a certain disease. In contrast, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), which measures many different chemicals and tissue metabolites in the millimolar concentration range in the absence of a magnetic field gradient, has been shown to reveal characteristic metabolite patterns which are often correlated with the severity of a disease. In-vivo MRS studies are performed on widely available MRI scanners without any “sample preparation” or invasive procedures and are therefore widely used in clinical research. Hydrogen (H) MRS and MR Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI, conceptionally a combination of MRI and MRS) measure N-acetylaspartate (a putative marker of neurons), creatine-containing metabolites (involved in energy processes in the cell), choline-containing metabolites (involved in membrane metabolism and, possibly, inflammatory processes),

scholarly journals Drug Delivery by Ultrasound-Responsive Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Kristin Entzian ◽  
Achim Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Safety Considerations

Conventional cancer chemotherapies often exhibit insufficient therapeutic outcomes and dose-limiting toxicity. Therefore, there is a need for novel therapeutics and formulations with higher efficacy, improved safety, and more favorable toxicological profiles. This has promoted the development of nanomedicines, including systems for drug delivery, but also for imaging and diagnostics. Nanoparticles loaded with drugs can be designed to overcome several biological barriers to improving efficiency and reducing toxicity. In addition, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers are able to release their payload on demand at the tumor tissue site, preventing premature drug loss. This review focuses on ultrasound-triggered drug delivery by nanocarriers as a versatile, cost-efficient, non-invasive technique for improving tissue specificity and tissue penetration, and for achieving high drug concentrations at their intended site of action. It highlights aspects relevant for ultrasound-mediated drug delivery, including ultrasound parameters and resulting biological effects. Then, concepts in ultrasound-mediated drug delivery are introduced and a comprehensive overview of several types of nanoparticles used for this purpose is given. This includes an in-depth compilation of the literature on the various in vivo ultrasound-responsive drug delivery systems. Finally, toxicological and safety considerations regarding ultrasound-mediated drug delivery with nanocarriers are discussed.

scholarly journals Magnetic Nanodiscs—A New Promising Tool for Microsurgery of Malignant Neoplasms

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1459
Author(s):  
Tatiana N. Zamay ◽  
Vladimir S. Prokopenko ◽  
Sergey S. Zamay ◽  
Kirill A. Lukyanenko ◽  
Olga S. Kolovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Remote Control ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Rotating Magnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Structures ◽  
Promising Tool

Magnetomechanical therapy is one of the most perspective directions in tumor microsurgery. According to the analysis of recent publications, it can be concluded that a nanoscalpel could become an instrument sufficient for cancer microsurgery. It should possess the following properties: (1) nano- or microsized; (2) affinity and specificity to the targets on tumor cells; (3) remote control. This nano- or microscalpel should include at least two components: (1) a physical nanostructure (particle, disc, plates) with the ability to transform the magnetic moment to mechanical torque; (2) a ligand—a molecule (antibody, aptamer, etc.) allowing the scalpel precisely target tumor cells. Literature analysis revealed that the most suitable nanoscalpel structures are anisotropic, magnetic micro- or nanodiscs with high-saturation magnetization and the absence of remanence, facilitating scalpel remote control via the magnetic field. Additionally, anisotropy enhances the transmigration of the discs to the tumor. To date, four types of magnetic microdiscs have been used for tumor destruction: synthetic antiferromagnetic P-SAF (perpendicular) and SAF (in-plane), vortex Py, and three-layer non-magnetic–ferromagnet–non-magnetic systems with flat quasi-dipole magnetic structures. In the current review, we discuss the biological effects of magnetic discs, the mechanisms of action, and the toxicity in alternating or rotating magnetic fields in vitro and in vivo. Based on the experimental data presented in the literature, we conclude that the targeted and remotely controlled magnetic field nanoscalpel is an effective and safe instrument for cancer therapy or theranostics.

scholarly journals A combined low-frequency electromagnetic and fluidic stimulation for a controlled drug release from superparamagnetic calcium phosphate nanoparticles: potential application for cardiovascular diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (144) ◽  
pp. 20180236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Marrella ◽  
Michele Iafisco ◽  
Alessio Adamiano ◽  
Stefano Rossi ◽  
Maurizio Aiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Drug Dose

Alternative drug delivery approaches to treat cardiovascular diseases are currently under intense investigation. In this domain, the possibility to target the heart and tailor the amount of drug dose by using a combination of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) and electromagnetic devices is a fascinating approach. Here, an electromagnetic device based on Helmholtz coils was generated for the application of low-frequency magnetic stimulations to manage drug release from biocompatible superparamagnetic Fe-hydroxyapatite NPs (FeHAs). Integrated with a fluidic circuit mimicking the flow of the cardiovascular environment, the device was efficient to trigger the release of a model drug (ibuprofen) from FeHAs as a function of the applied frequencies. Furthermore, the biological effects on the cardiac system of the identified electromagnetic exposure were assessed in vitro and in vivo by acute stimulation of isolated adult cardiomyocytes and in an animal model. The cardio-compatibility of FeHAs was also assessed in vitro and in an animal model. No alterations of cardiac electrophysiological properties were observed in both cases, providing the evidence that the combination of low-frequency magnetic stimulations and FeHAs might represent a promising strategy for controlled drug delivery to the failing heart.

scholarly journals Effects of Atelocollagen Formulation Containing Oligonucleotide on Endothelial Permeability

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Hanai ◽  
Takashi Kojima ◽  
Mika Ota ◽  
Jun Onodera ◽  
Norimasa Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Adherens Junction ◽  
Endothelial Permeability ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
P38 Map Kinase ◽  
Delivery Technology ◽  
Junction Proteins

Atelocollagen is a major animal protein that is used as a highly biocompatible biomaterial. To date, atelocollagen has been used as an effective drug delivery technology to sustain the release of antitumor proteins and to enhance the antitumor activity of oligonucleotides in in vivo models. However, the biological effects of this technology are not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of atelocollagen on endothelial paracellular barrier function. An atelocollagen formulation containing oligonucleotides specifically increased the permeability of two types of endothelial cells, and the change was dependent on the molecular size, structure of the oligonucleotides used and the concentrations of the oligonucleotide and atelocollagen in the formulation. An immunohistochemical examination revealed that the formulation had effects on the cellular skeleton and intercellular structure although it did not affect the expression of adherens junction or tight junction proteins. These changes were induced through p38 MAP kinase signaling. It is important to elucidate the biological functions of atelocollagen in order to be able to exploit its drug delivery properties.

scholarly journals In vivo contactless brain stimulation via non-invasive and targeted delivery of magnetoelectric nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Nguyen ◽  
Jianhua Gao ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Abhignyan Nagesetti ◽  
Peter Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Brain Region ◽  
Magnetic Field Gradient ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractNon-invasive brain stimulation is valuable for studying neural circuits and treating various neurological disorders in humans. However, the current technologies usually have low spatial and temporal precision and poor brain penetration, which greatly limit their application. A new class of nanoparticles known as magneto-electric nanoparticles (MENs) can be navigated to a targeted brain region with a magnetic field and is highly efficient in converting an externally applied magnetic wave into local electric fields for neuronal activity modulation. Here we developed a new method to fabricate MENs of CoFe2O4-BaTiO3 core-shell structure that had excellent magneto-electrical coupling properties. Using calcium imaging of organotypic and acute cortical slices from GCaMP6s transgenic mice, we demonstrated their efficacy in reliably evoking neuronal responses with a short latency period. For in vivo non-invasive delivery of MENs to brain, fluorescently labeled MENs were intravenously injected and guided to pass through the blood brain barrier to a targeted brain region by applying a magnetic field gradient. A magnetic field (∼450 Oe at 10 Hz) applied to mouse brain was able to reliably evoke cortical activities, as revealed by in vivo two-photon and mesoscopic imaging of calcium signals at both cellular and global network levels. The effect was further confirmed by the increased number of c-Fos expressing cells after stimulation. Neither brain delivery of MENs nor the subsequent magnetic stimulation caused any significant increases in the numbers of GFAP and IBA1 positive astrocytes and microglia in the brain. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using MENs as a novel efficient and non-invasive technique of contactless deep brain stimulation that may have great potential for translation.

scholarly journals Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE): cornerstone pharmacological studies and drug delivery systems

Pharmacia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yordan Yordanov
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

Propolis is a natural product with a plethora of biological effects, utilized by traditional medicine since antiquity. However, its application as a pharmaceutical is hindered by its variable composition and difficult standardization. CAPE has been shown to be a major component of propolis, with a large contribution to its pharmacological effects, among which the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antineoplastic have been attracting most attention. The current review article aims to present the cornerstone pharmacological studies of CAPE throughout the years, following its discovery, which confirmed its primary importance among propolis constituents and opened the path to its intensive research as a potential pharmaceutical. We present the diversity of drug delivery systems of CAPE, which have been developed to improve its efficacy in in vitro and in vivo disease models and discuss their primary promises and weaknesses. The increased interest in recent years over more practical approaches of CAPE research such as its pharmaceutical formulation comes to show that it has a potential to become commercialized as a pharmaceutical.

Bioadhesive Mannosylated Nanoparticles for Oral Drug Delivery

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3203-3209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham H. Salman ◽  
Carlos Gamazo ◽  
Miguel A. Campanero ◽  
Juan M. Irache
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Con A ◽  
Distribution Profile ◽  
The Given

The aim of this work was to design mannosylated Gantrez® AN nanoparticles (M-NP) and to describe their gut bioadhesive properties in order to develop a promising carrier for future applications in oral drug delivery. For that purpose, the process of the nanoparticles coating with mannosamine was optimized by the incubation of Gantrez® AN nanoparticles with different volumes of mannosamine aqueous solutions at different times. Then, the nanoparticles were characterized by measuring the size, zeta potential, mannosamine content, and concanavalin A (Con A) binding. Furthermore, in vivo quantitative bioadhesion study and kinetic analysis of the bioadhesion curves were performed after oral administration to rats of fluorescently labelled nanoparticles. The selected mannosylated nanoparticles (M-NP1 and M-NP10) were of homogenous sizes (about 300 and 200 nm), negatively charged and successfully coated with 36 and 18 μg mannosamine/mg NP, respectively. In vitro agglutination assay using Con A confirmed the successful coating of nanoparticles with mannosamine. The gut distribution profile of M-NP1 indicated a stronger bioadhesive capacity than M-NP10 and non-mannosylated ones, 1 h post-administration. Interestingly, M-NP1 showed an important ileum tropism where around 20% of the given dose remained adhered. Besides, the kinetic parameters of the bioadhesion profile of M-NP1 indicated their higher bioadhesive capacity with Qmax and AUCadh about 2-times higher than control ones. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy corroborated the stronger interactions of M-NP1 with the normal mucosa and demonstrated a strong uptake of these carriers by Peyer's patches. In conclusion, we propose that mannosylated nanoparticles could be a promising non-live vector for oral delivery strategies.

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