Cryoconcentration by Centrifugation–Filtration: A Simultaneous, Efficient and Innovative Method to Increase Thermosensitive Bioactive Compounds of Aqueous Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) Extract

Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) is a Chilean berry rich in antioxidants, which are mostly found in the pulp and skin of the fruit. The objective was to evaluate the cryoconcentration process by centrifugation–filtration as a simultaneous, efficient, and innovative method to increase the content of thermosensitive bioactive compounds of aqueous maqui extract. Cryoconcentration separated the concentrated solute from the aqueous maqui extract with an efficiency of more than 95%; it increased the content of total polyphenols and total anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity by 280%, 573%, and 226%, respectively. Although the concentrates obtained by evaporation at 50, 70, and 80 °C increased the content of bioactive compounds, they did so in a lower percentage than the cryoconcentrate. Furthermore, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside was degraded at 70 and 80 °C. In conclusion, cryoconcentration by centrifugation–filtration as a simultaneous process efficiently separates the solutes from the frozen matrix of aqueous maqui extract, and it maintains and increases the contents of polyphenols and anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity. This method is recommended for concentrating natural berry extracts with thermosensitive compounds.

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Assessment of Antioxidant Properties of Classic Energy Drinks in Comparison with Fruit Energy Drinks

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9010056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 56 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dariusz Nowak ◽

Michał Gośliński

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Fruit Juice ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Energy Drinks ◽

Health Issues ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Natural Pigments ◽

Total Anthocyanins

Energy drinks (EDs) contain sugar, caffeine, and other bioactive compounds. Recently, new types of EDs, enriched with fruit juices, natural pigments, and plant extracts, have been launched in the market. The objective of this study was to investigate the composition and antioxidant properties of the most popular classic and fruit EDs. The study was carried out including 24 of the most popular energy drinks (classic and fruit EDs). The composition of EDs, especially caffeine and sugar, and antioxidant properties (antioxidant capacity, total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, vitamin C) were analyzed. Energy drinks with added fruit juice or natural pigments had a significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) antioxidant capacity compared to classic energy drinks. Fruit EDs had a higher concentration of polyphenols and vitamin C. In some fruit EDs, slight amounts of anthocyanins were found. Generally, EDs are not a rich source of polyphenols and are not distinguished by high antioxidant capacity. However, fruit energy drinks and/or ones with added natural pigments have much better antioxidant properties than classic EDs. Both classic and fruit EDs contain a large amount of caffeine and sugar, therefore, it would be advisable not to drink large amounts of EDs for possible related health issues.

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Antioxidant Capacity and Polyphenolic Compounds of Blackberries Produced in Different Climates

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci14377-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (12) ◽

pp. 2209-2213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Camila P. Croge ◽

Francine L. Cuquel ◽

Paula T.M. Pintro ◽

Luiz A. Biasi ◽

Claudine M. De Bona

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Varied Chemical ◽

Monomeric Anthocyanins

Antioxidants are compounds with varied chemical structures that are affected by biotic and abiotic factors. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity of fruit from four blackberry cultivars produced under different climatic conditions. Ascorbic acid content, total polyphenols, flavonoids, monomeric anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of the fruit were evaluated, and high levels of bioactive compounds as well as antioxidant activity were observed regardless of the cultivar or growing location. The results showed that bioactive production is affected by the cultivar and environment. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of the blackberry fruit depends on the total phenolics and anthocyanin.

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Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) and murta (Ugni molinae Turcz): Native Chilean sources of polyphenol compounds.

Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570193x15666180627120609 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 261-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pamela R. Rivera-Tovar ◽

María S. Mariotti-Celis ◽

José Ricardo Pérez-Correa

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Polyphenol Compounds ◽

Health Promoting ◽

Aristotelia Chilensis ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Alpha Glucosidase ◽

Ugni Molinae ◽

Antidiabetic Effects

In recent years, the production, processing and exportation of maqui and murta Chilean berries have increased due to their high Total Polyphenols Content (TPC) and high Antioxidant Capacity (AC). However, the leaves of these berries are agroindustrial discards that present even higher TPC and AC values. Extracts of leaves and berries of maqui and murta with water, methanol and ethanol as solvents showed significant bioactivity, like inhibition of alpha-glucosidase (an enzyme involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates), as well as anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects. They are also excellent sources of polyphenols such as oligomers and polymers of delphinidin, pelargonidin, resveratrol, among others that have shown health-promoting bioactivity and good bioavailability. Purified extracts may be useful as supplements for foods and cosmetics, and even as pharmaceutical products. However, it is necessary to control the variability of their TPC, AC and polyphenols profiles caused by genotype, environment, processing, storage and stage of harvesting.

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Pressurized Hot Water Extraction and Bio-Hydrogels Formulation with Aristotelia chilensis [Mol.] Stuntz Leaves

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26216402 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (21) ◽

pp. 6402

Author(s):

Audrey Bianchi ◽

Pamela R. Rivera-Tovar ◽

Vanesa Sanz ◽

Tania Ferreira-Anta ◽

María Dolores Torres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Microwave Heating ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Hot Water ◽

Water Extraction ◽

Hot Water Extraction ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Pressurized Hot Water Extraction ◽

Aristotelia Chilensis

Aristotelia chilensis is a plant rich in phenolics and other bioactive compounds. Their leaves are discarded as waste in the maqui berry industry. A new application of these wastes is intended by the recovery of bioactive compounds using pressurized hot water extraction with conventional or microwave heating. Both technologies have been selected for their green character regarding the type of solvent and the high efficiency in shorter operation times. Extractions were performed in the temperature range 140–200 °C with a solid/liquid ratio of 1:15 (w:w). The extracts’ total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and saccharides content obtained with both heating methods were measured. Additionally, the thermo-rheological properties of the gelling matrix enriched with these extracts were analyzed. Optimum conditions for lyophilized extracts were found with conventional heating, at 140 °C and 20 min extraction; 250.0 mg GAE/g dry extract and 1321.5 mg Trolox/g dry extract. Close to optimum performance was achieved with microwave heating in a fraction of the time (5 min) at 160 °C (extraction), yielding extracts with 231.9 mg GAE/g dry extract of total phenolics and antiradical capacity equivalent to 1176.3 mg Trolox/g dry extract. Slightly higher antioxidant values were identified for spray-dried extracts (between 5% for phenolic content and 2.5% for antioxidant capacity). The extracts obtained with both heating methods at 200 °C contained more than 20% oligosaccharides, primarily glucose. All the formulated gelling matrices enriched with the obtained extracts displayed intermediate gel strength properties. The tested technologies efficiently recovered highly active antioxidant extracts, rich in polyphenolics, and valuable for formulating gelling matrices with potential applicability in foods and other products.

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Monitoring of Bioactive Compounds of Tomato Cultivars as Affected by Mulching Film

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica ◽

10.2478/sab-2018-0033 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 267-273

Author(s):

M. Valšíková ◽

J. Mlček ◽

L. Snopek ◽

M. Rehuš ◽

S. Škrovánková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Polyphenol Content ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Tomato Fruits ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Mulching Film

Abstract The influence of varieties and the effect of mulching film on antioxidant capacity, polyphenol content, ascorbic acid content, and yield of tomato fruits were investigated. Results of two years (2012 and 2013) investigations were compared. The results proved a statistically significant effect of year, mulching film, and variety on the content of total polyphenols (0.92–1.49 g gallic acid equivalents per kg of fresh weight (FW), ascorbic acid (26.66–38.62 mg per 100 g FW), and antioxidant capacity (1.12–1.94 g ascorbic acid equivalents per kg FW), while the values were the highest in 2013 and in uncovered soil. Conversely, a higher yield was found in mulching film compared with uncovered soil, also in 2013 (48.65–120.38 t ha−1). There was a negative correlation between the yield and the content of bioactive compounds (BC) and antioxidant capacity. The content of bioactive substances, antioxidant capacity, and yield of tomato fruits is dependent on the vintage, agronomical interventions, and genotype.

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Biological Potential of Fruit and Leaves of Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo L.) from Croatia

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25215102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (21) ◽

pp. 5102 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jana Šic Žlabur ◽

Sandro Bogdanović ◽

Sandra Voća ◽

Martina Skendrović Babojelić

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Average Value ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Strawberry Tree ◽

Total Anthocyanins ◽

Adriatic Coast ◽

Β Carotene

The strawberry tree fruit and leaf are a rich source of minerals, easily digestible sugars, dietary fibers, vitamins (especially vitamin C) and many bioactive compounds of significant functional value. Due to their favorable chemical composition, fruits have recently become increasingly popular in consumption. The aim of this study was to determine the physical-chemical composition, content of bioactive compounds, and also the antioxidant capacity of the fruit and leaves of wild strawberry tree populations among the Adriatic coast in Croatia, as well as to investigate the influence of location on the content of specific bioactive compounds. According to the obtained results, both fruit and leaves are pronouncedly high in vitamin C content, the average value for fruits amounted to 224.21 mg/100 g FW, while that for leaves amounted to 138.08 mg/100 g FW. Additionally, significantly high values of total polyphenolic compounds were recorded both in fruits (average value of 637.94 mg GAE/100 g FW) and especially in leaves (average value of 2157.01 mg GAE/100 g FW). Several pigments from different categories were determined in the fruit depending on fruit maturity, including: total anthocyanins, β-carotene and lycopene; while in leaves chlorophylls and carotenoids. Given the high content of different bioactive compounds high values of antioxidant capacity were determined (the average value for fruits was 2269.96 µmol TE/kg and for leaves, 2237.16 µmol TE/kg). Location strongly influenced the physical-chemical composition and also the content of specialized metabolites; populations collected from southern areas (central and south Dalmatia) of the Adriatic coast tended to have higher amounts of vitamin C, total phenols, total anthocyanins and β-carotene.

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Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity, and Fatty Acids in Different Parts of Four Unexplored Fruits

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2017/8401074 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adriela Albino Rydlewski ◽

Damila Rodrigues de Morais ◽

Eliza Mariane Rotta ◽

Thiago Claus ◽

Julianna Matias Vagula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

High Performance ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Total Anthocyanins ◽

Total Variability ◽

Different Parts

Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids (TF), total anthocyanins (TA), and antioxidant capacity of different parts of four unexplored fruits from Brazil (Syzygium cuminiLam,Solanum nigrumLinn,Inga edulisMart, andHovenia dulcisThunb) were determined; the bioactive compounds and fatty acids were quantified and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, respectively.S. cuminipeels contained the most TA (63.31 mg/100 g), whilstH. dulcispulp and peels had the highest TPC (518.18 mg GAE/100 g) and TF (76.54 mg EQ/g). Phenolic compounds responsible for antioxidant capacity of fruits were gallic acid, ellagic acid, kaempferol, and epicatechin.H. dulcisseed showed the highest level of the essential fatty acid omega-3 (3985.95 mg/100 g). PCA showed that PC1 and PC2 explained 90.43% of the total variability of the antioxidant data. Most of the seeds showed omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids at significant concentrations, with two PCs explaining 93.80% of the total variance of the fatty acid contents.

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Biofortification efficiency with magnesium salts on the increase of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in snap beans

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20200442 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Juan Pablo Ciscomani-Larios ◽

Esteban Sánchez-Chávez ◽

Juan Luis Jacobo-Cuellar ◽

Hilda Karina Sáenz-Hidalgo ◽

Nuvia Orduño-Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Magnesium Chloride ◽

Crop Production ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Snap Bean ◽

Snap Beans ◽

Total Anthocyanins

ABSTRACT: Biofortification of food crops is implemented through the application of mineral fertilizers, to improve the levels of essential mineral elements for human nutrition. Magnesium is a key macronutrient in crop production and quality; however, worldwide, it is the most limiting macronutrient in agriculture. Magnesium plays an important role in manipulating physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biofortification with magnesium chloride and sulfate on the accumulation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in snap bean cv. Strike. Two sources of Magnesium were applied via edaphic route: Magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate at doses of 0, 50, 100 and 200 ppm during 2018 in Mexico. Accumulation of bioactive compounds (total phenols, total flavonoids and total anthocyanins) and antioxidant capacity in snap bean fruits were evaluated. Results obtained indicate that the concentration of total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity in the edible parts of snap beans were higher in the MgSO4 treatment than in the MgCl2 treatments, exceeding 30, 59 and 6% respectively. This is one of the first studies on the edaphic agronomic biofortification of Mg+ and its effect on nutraceutical quality in snap bean. An interesting result is that MgSO4 produced high concentrations of anthocyanins in edible snap beans. These results can be applied as a new strategy to reduce malnutrition and improve the health of the population in poor urban and rural communities in developing countries.

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The Dynamic of Polyphenols Concentrations in Organic and Conventional Sour Cherry Fruits: Results of a 4-Year Field Study

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25163729 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (16) ◽

pp. 3729

Author(s):

Agnieszka Głowacka ◽

Elżbieta Rozpara ◽

Ewelina Hallmann

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Sour Cherry ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Organic Farm ◽

Predominant Form ◽

The Status ◽

Total Anthocyanins

Sour cherry fruits are a perfect source of polyphenols, including flavonols, phenolic acids and anthocyanins. According to the literature, organic fruits contain more bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols, compared to conventional fruits. Given that only one two-year experiment on the status of polyphenols in sour cherry fruits in an organic farm was previously conducted and found in the existing scientific literature, the aim of this study was to analyse and compare the concentration of bioactive compounds in organic and conventional sour cherries and to determine the effects of cultivation year and the proper cultivar. Four sour cherry cultivars (“Oblacińska”, “Kelleris 16”, “Pandy 103” and “Dobroceni Bötermo”) harvested in organic and conventional experimental orchards were assessed in this study. The dry matter and polyphenol contents in the fruits were determined. We observed a significantly higher concentration of dry matter in organic samples only in 2015 and 2017. In the case of total polyphenols, including phenolic acid (2015 and 2017–2018), and total flavonoids, including quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, the higher concentration was found in 2016 and 2018. Two individual anthocyanins were identified in sour cherry fruits. Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside is the predominant form in the pool of total anthocyanins.

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Effect of solvents and extraction methods on total anthocyanins, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas peel

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/316/2016-cjfs ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 456-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Arroy Javier David Vega ◽

Ruiz-Espinosa Hector ◽

Luna-Guevara Juan Jose ◽

Luna-Guevara Maria L ◽

Hernández-Carranza Paola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Power Ultrasound ◽

Effect Of Solvents ◽

Treat Ment ◽

Total Anthocyanins ◽

Ultrasound Pretreatment

The effect of different solvents and extraction methods on total anthoc yanins, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity from x´kijit (renealmia alpinia Rottb. Maas) peels was evaluated. In order to evaluate the effect of solvents on the bioactive compounds extraction efficienc y and antioxidant capacity, a special cubic mixture design model was implemented with ethanol, methanol, and acetone as solvents and conventional (agitation – 1 and 6 h; Soxhlet – 2 and 4 h), novel (power ultrasound – 2.5 and 5 min) methods, and combination of extraction methods. Acceptable correla - tions between predicted and experimental data were obtained for total anthoc yanins ( r2 = 0.95), phenolic compounds (r2 = 0.78), and antioxidant capacity (r2 = 0.97), with methanol exhibiting the highest extraction yield of bioactive compounds and resultant antioxidant capacity. Although the extraction of total anthocyanins (82.2–85.8 mg cyanidine/ kg) and phenolic compounds (183.6–207.0 mg GAE/kg) was best carried out through Soxhlet, the ultrasonic treat- ment showed similar antioxidant capacity values (27.4–34.3 mg Trolox/kg) to those of 2-h Soxhlet. Moreover, a 5-min ultrasound pretreatment significantly increased (p < 0.05) phenolic compounds by 11, 21 and 12% when combined with agitation 1, 6, and 2-h Soxhlet treatments, respectively ; while the antioxidant capacity increased by 26, 48, and 22% for the same treatments. Ultrasound might be used as a valuable, green alternative procedure for improving the solvent extraction of bioactive compounds.

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